 Shibukawa is at a central point (36°29′ N, 139°00′ E) of the Japanese archipelago and is thus known as the .Shibukawa's highest altitude is above sea level; its lowest point is above sea level.The majority of the city lies between above sea level

Farmland covers (20.8% of the city), housing covers (8.4%), and mountains and forests cover (32.2%).