 Although he possessed a first-class intelligence, this was not matched by his application, and his university career was punctuated by regular crises over money, misbehaviour and an apparent inability - or, more likely, unwillingness - to connect actions with their consequences.His first class intelligence garnered him in the event only an upper Second, a degree which would not normally have gained him a studentship to read for a doctorate.That it did so may be attributed, essentially, to his personal charm, which gained him credit with the Fellows responsible for awarding scholarships.