 The last ARWU, also known as Shanghai Ranking, placed the FU at 83rd in the world in 2007.Free University of Berlin maintains wide-ranging international contacts to top universities and organizations which provide key impulses for research and teaching.In the 1950s, the Free University of Berlin had already established partnerships with leading universities in the United States such as the University of California System (including University of California, Berkeley, University of California, Los Angeles and University of California, Santa Cruz), University of Chicago, Cornell University, Stanford University (which also has a small campus within the FU), Duke University, Princeton University, Yale University, and Columbia University, as well as with Western European universities like the University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, University College London, University of Sussex and École Normale Supérieure in Paris.