 TLR8 is an endosomal receptor that recognizes single stranded RNA (ssRNA), and can recognize ssRNA viruses such as Influenza, Sendai, and Coxsackie B viruses.TLR8 binding to the viral RNA recruits MyD88 and leads to activation of the transcription factor NF-κB and an antiviral response.TLR8 recognizes single-stranded RNA of viruses such as HIV and HCV.