 When virtual and physical environments were designed so that the same learning theories were employed by the students, (Physical Engagement, Cognitive Load, Embodied Encoding, Embodied Schemas, and Conceptual Salience), differences in post-test performance did not lie between physical vs. virtual, but instead in how the environment was designed to support the particular learning theory (Rau & Schmidt, 2019).These findings suggest that as long as virtual learning environments are well designed (Mayer, 2009) and able to emulate the most important aspects of the physical environment that they are intended to replicate or enhance, research that has been previously applied to physical models or environments can also be applied to virtual ones (Dawley & Dede, 2014; Yuan, Lee, & Wang, 2010) .This good news means that we can apply a wealth of research from physical learning theory to virtual environments.