 His research on Victorian state politics and policy has been widely published.Prior to entering Parliament, his career included working for Steve Bracks in his first term as Premier, as a lecturing associate at Monash University teaching in Australian politics, policy making and police studies, and on the galvanizing and paint lines at BHP Westernport.He supported himself prior to these roles in a variety of occupations, including as a sales assistant at Big W (Karingal).