 When M. Olier accepted the parish of Saint-Sulpice (1642), Caulet became practically the head of the seminary.In 1644 Louis XIV, at the suggestion of St. Vincent de Paul, made him Bishop of Pamiers.Caulet had not sought episcopal honours, but once a bishop he showed great zeal in the reformation of the clergy, the annual visitation of the diocese, the holding of synods, and the founding of schools, one of which was devoted especially to the training of teachers.