 Two-dimensional semantics has been used by David Chalmers to counter objections to the various arguments against materialism in the philosophy of mind.Specifically, Chalmers deploys two-dimensional semantics to "bridge the (gap between) epistemic and modal domains" in arguing from knowability or epistemic conceivability to what is necessary or possible (modalities).The reason Chalmers employs two-dimensional semantics is to avoid objections to conceivability implying possibility.