 The Sūtra affirms that the earlier turnings of the wheel—the teachings of the Śrāvaka Vehicle ("Śrāvakayāna") and the emptiness (Śūnyatā) doctrine adopted by the Mādhyamaka—represented authentic teachings, but indicates that they were flawed because they required interpretation.The teachings of the "Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra", on the other hand, require no interpretation and can be read literally according to the discourse delivered by the Buddha within the text.This reflects an ancient division in Buddhist hermeneutics, a topic to which the sūtra devotes an entire chapter.