 Writing in 2018, the scholars Kristen R. Ghodsee and Scott Sehon assert that "subsequent polls and qualitative research across Russia and eastern Europe confirm the persistence of these sentiments as popular discontent with the failed promises of free-market prosperity has grown, especially among older people".The following countries are one-party states in which the institutions of the ruling communist party and the state have become intertwined.They are generally adherents of Marxism–Leninism and its derivations.