 In October–November 1942, in the Battle of El Alamein, the Italo-German force was defeated by the British 8th Army, marking the end of Axis hopes of conquering Egypt.The Axis retreated back into Libya.In November 1942, as part of the Battle of Stalingrad, the Red Army launched Operation Uranus, which saw the Soviets annihilate much of the Italian expeditionary force in Russia and encircle the German 6th Army.