 Classical Gaelic ( ) was used as a literary language in Ireland and Scotland from the 13th to the 18th century.The grammar of Early Modern Irish is laid out in a series of grammatical tracts written by native speakers and intended to teach the most cultivated form of the language to student bards, lawyers, doctors, administrators, monks, and so on in Ireland and Scotland.The tracts were edited and published by Osborn Bergin as a supplement to "Ériu" between 1916 and 1955.