 With multi-racial democratic elections as the likely outcome of the negotiations, the ANC wished to organise and mobilise its supporters in the Ciskei, particularly as it lay in the Eastern Cape area, a traditional stronghold for ANC supporters.However, its military leader Brigadier Oupa Gqozo resisted this and prevented the ANC from organising.In 1991, Gqozo formed the African Democratic Movement to counter the ANC in Ciskei.