 Abdullah, whose popularity since 1953 arose from his opposition to India, would not have agreed to such terms even five years prior to the Accord.The agreement, whose terms are described as amounting to a "capitulation" to India, restated the conditions of Jammu and Kashmir's merger with India since 1953 with a "patently hypocritical clause" that the state's administration would be maintained under Article 370.Scholar Sumantra Bose points out that 23 constitutional orders had already been made by the mid-1970s to integrate the state into the Indian Union and 262 Union laws had also been already applied to the state.