 This dependence on nobility-controlled agriculture in central-eastern Europe diverged from the western part of the continent, where elements of capitalism and industrialization were developing to a much greater extent, with the attendant growth of a bourgeoisie class and its political influence.The 16th-century agricultural trade boom combined with free or very cheap peasant labor made the folwark economy very profitable.Mining and metallurgy developed further during the 16th century, and technical progress took place in various commercial applications.