 He was a delegate to Republican National Convention from Connecticut in 1924, 1928, and 1932;

Walcott was a member of the State senate from 1925 to 1929, serving as President Pro Tempore from 1927 to 1929.He was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate and served from March 4, 1929, to January 3, 1935, and was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1934.From 1935 to 1939, Walcott was Commissioner of welfare of Connecticut, and a member of the advisory committee of the Human Welfare Group of Yale University from 1920 to 1948, and of Bethume Cookman College, Daytona, Florida, from 1922 to 1948.