 That evening the Irish Republican Brotherhood commenced.Those present in Langan's, lathe-maker and timber merchant, 16 Lombard Street, for that first meeting were Stephens, Kickham, Thomas Clarke Luby, Peter Langan, Denieffe and Garrett O'Shaughnessy.Later it would include members of the "Phoenix National and Literary Society", which was formed in 1856 by Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa in Skibbereen.