 At loosely federated universities such as the University of London, each college is self-governing and the head of a college acts much like a vice-chancellor.At more centralised universities where colleges are not independent institutions, a college head will have much less power and responsibility.Inasmuch as the colleges of the University of London operate as semi-autonomous universities, sharing certain student services and administrative facilities but undertaking independent teaching and research, the heads of these colleges have almost the same level of responsibility as a vice-chancellor of a non-collegiate university.