 Groupthink can have a strong hold on political decisions and military operations, which may result in enormous wastage of human and material resources.Highly qualified and experienced politicians and military commanders sometimes make very poor decisions when in a suboptimal group setting.Scholars such as Janis and Raven attribute political and military fiascoes, such as the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Vietnam War, and the Watergate scandal, to the effect of groupthink.