 Recent literature of groupthink attempts to study the application of this concept beyond the framework of business and politics.One particularly relevant and popular arena in which groupthink is rarely studied is sports.The lack of literature in this area prompted Charles Koerber and Christopher Neck to begin a case-study investigation that examined the effect of groupthink on the decision of the Major League Umpires Association (MLUA) to stage a mass resignation in 1999.