 Project SALAM describes his case as an example of preemptive prosecution.Although both Alanssi and Shelby were active as informants and overlapped in Shah’s case over a four-year period from 2001 to 2005, neither could get Shah to commit any crime.Finally in 2005, Shah was arrested by the FBI on two charges of conspiracy to provide material support to a known foreign terrorist organization after Ali Soufan (founder of the multi-million-dollar Soufan Group, an international security firm), who at the time was the undercover FBI agent posing as an Al-Qaeda recruiter, urged Shah to agree to provide knife-fighting training to Al-Qaeda members, and urged Sabir to agree to provide medical aid to them.