 The "rawk" surveys organized the "iqtaʿ" system and the first "rawk" was carried out in 1298 under Sultan Lajin.A second and final "rawk" was completed in 1315 under Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad and influenced political and economic developments of the Mamluk Sultanate until its fall in the early 16th century.Over time, the "iqtaʿ" system was expanded, and increasingly larger areas of "kharaj" (taxable lands) were appropriated as "iqtaʿ" lands in order to meet the fiscal needs of the Mamluk military institution, namely payment of Mamluk officers and their subordinates.