 Chintaman Deshmukh was born in a Marathi-speaking Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu (CKP) family to Dwarakanath Ganesh Deshmukh, a lawyer and Bhagirathibai on 14 January 1896 in Nategaon, near Fort Raigad, Maharashtra.He was schooled at Roha and Tala and at the Elphinstone High School, Bombay.In 1912, Deshmukh passed the Matriculation Examination of the University of Bombay with record marks and secured the first Jagannath Shankarseth Scholarship in Sanskrit.