 The Prime Minister of the Kingdom, Fontes Pereira de Melo, was not satisfied with the excessive academism of both schools ("Escola Politécnica" (Polytechnic School) in Lisbon and the "Academia Politécnica" (Polytechnic Academy)), as he considered the institutions excessively theoretical for industrial labour force needs, as both were modelled on the only Portuguese university - the ancient University of Coimbra.Thus, in 1852, the minister created the "Instituto Industrial de Lisboa" (Lisbon Industrial Institute) which awarded higher education degrees between 1898 and 1911, and the "Escola Industrial do Porto" (Porto Industrial School), which a decade later was also declared an Institute and awarded higher education degrees between 1905 and 1918.The "Instituto Industrial de Lisboa" gave birth to the "IST" in 1911, which with other institutions formed the Technical University of Lisbon in 1930.