 Programs range from 3 years after medical school for internal medicine and pediatrics, to 5 years for general surgery, to 7 years for neurosurgery.Each specialty training program either incorporates an internship year to satisfy the requirements of state licensure, or stipulates that an internship year be completed "before" starting the program at the second post-graduate year (PGY-2).A fellowship is a formal, full-time training program that focuses on a particular area within the specialty, with requirements beyond the related residency.