 The Italian-Swiss documentary Giorni di gloria (1945, co-directed by Giuseppe De Santis, Luchino Visconti, Marcello Pagliero and film editor Mario Serandrei, was also made with collaboration of the PWD Film Division.Psychological warfare first emerged as a category underneath “Special Warfare” in 1962, first used by Secretary of the Army, Elvis J. Stahr, Jr. Its original intention was to “influence the opinions, emotions, attitudes, and behavior of the enemy, the indigenous population, and neutral or friendly foreign groups to help support US objectives.”

On July 11, 1941, the Office of the Coordinator of Information (COI) was created in Washington under Franklin Delano Roosevelt, with Colonel William J. Donovan as the first director.This office was later separated into the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and the Overseas Branch and the Office of War Information (OWI).