 Scholars have long debated whether the "Bhagavata Purana" expanded the Krishna legend in the "Vishnu Purana", or whether the latter abridged the version in former, or both depended on the Harivamsa estimated to have been composed sometime in the 1st millennium of the common era.The last book of the "Vishnu Purana" is the shortest, with 8 chapters.The first part of the sixth book asserts that "Kali Yuga" is vicious, cruel and filled with evilness that create suffering, yet "Kali Yuga is excellent" because one can refuse to join the evil, devote oneself to Vishnu and thus achieve salvation.