 In addition, several pests have been noted as considerable dangers to oyster seed.The Japanese oyster drill ("Ocenebra inornata"), flatworm ("Koinostylochus ostreophagus"), and parasitic copepod ("Mytilicola orientalis") have been introduced accidentally to aquaculture areas, and have had serious impacts on oyster production, particularly in British Columbia and Europe.Pacific oyster broodstocks in hatcheries are kept in optimum conditions so the production of large amounts of high quality eggs and sperm can be achieved.