 This Joint Directive remained the most prominent policy of the PWD until the end of its operations in July 1945.In November 1942, the Psychological Warfare Branch (AFHQ) was created as a joint military-civilian Anglo-American Psychological Warfare Unit under the order of then General Dwight D. Eisenhower, attached to the Allied Force Headquarters after the Allied forces landed in French North Africa.After much trial and error with the structure and organization of the branch, it was transformed into the more coherent, and larger structure of the Psychological Warfare Division, Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (PWD/SHAEF) in February 1944.