 There are three types of intra-industry trade

Although the theory and measurement of intra-industry trade initially focused on trade in goods, especially industrial products, it has also been observed that there is substantial intra-industry trade in the international trade of services.Intra-industry trade is difficult to measure statistically because regarding products or industries as "the same" is partly a matter of definition and classification.For a very simple example, it could be argued that although a BMW and a Ford are both motor cars, and although a Budweiser and a Heineken are both beers, they are really all different products.