 Realism began earlier in the 19th century in Russia than elsewhere in Europe and took a more uncompromising form.Beginning with the plays of Ivan Turgenev (who used "domestic detail to reveal inner turmoil"), Aleksandr Ostrovsky (who was Russia's first professional playwright), Aleksey Pisemsky (whose "A Bitter Fate" (1859) anticipated Naturalism), and Leo Tolstoy (whose "The Power of Darkness" (1886) is "one of the most effective of naturalistic plays"), a tradition of psychological realism in Russia culminated with the establishment of the Moscow Art Theatre by Konstantin Stanislavski and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko.Ostrovsky is often credited with creating a peculiarly Russian drama.