 In 1991, he wrote "Striking Back", a history of COSATU.It covered the period from 1985 until the release of Nelson Mandela in 1990.In 1994, he became the director of COSATU's think-tank, the National Labour and Economic Development Institute ("Naledi") and in 1998, after a stint as a senior public servant, he was appointed advisor to the South Africa's Minister of Labour.