 After completing two years of probation at Balliol College, Oxford, he passed the final examination in 1884 in fourth place overall.At the time, the ICS examination was highly competitive with no more than 1200 ICS officers in office at one time, and he was likely influenced by the reputations of the likes of John Lawrence, one of the first British civil administrators in India.In his third year he obtained a first class in jurisprudence.