 In contrast to these ancient and prestigious origin stories, the Palaiologoi probably actually originated relatively late in Anatolia, possibly in the Anatolic Theme.The etymology of the name was believed to be "ragman" by Soviet-American Byzantinist Alexander Kazhdan, possibly referencing humble origins, whereas French Byzantinist Jean-François Vannier believes the correct etymology to be "antique collector".The earliest known member of the family, possibly its founder, was Nikephoros Palaiologos, commander (possibly "doux") of the Mesopotamian Theme in the second half of the 11th century, in the reign of Emperor Michael VII Doukas.