 The standard euphonium has eight possible fingering and non-fingering positions by which sound is produced.The Besson and the Highams "clearbore" model rare fourth and fifth extra "side" valves change the possible fingering and non-fingering positions from eight to thirty-two.The term 'five-valve euphonium' does not refer to variations of the double bell euphonium made by various brass instrument companies during the same time period.