 He studied Law at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, completed a Masters in Development Studies at the University of East Anglia in 1983, and then completed his MPhil and PhD (1987) in International Relations at Queens' College, Cambridge.He then worked at the United Nations and served as Vice Interior Minister from 2001 to 2002 before being promoted to head the Ministry.He is a Professor at the Universidad de San Martín de Porres.