 In cases where the relaxation time is shorter than the dead-time of the instrument, the experimental temperature is lowered (thus increasing the viscosity of water/buffer) to increase the relaxation time to a few milliseconds.On the other hand, for fast-folding proteins (i.e., those with a relaxation rate of 1 to 100 microseconds), pressure jump (dead time~few microseconds), temperature jump (T-jump; dead time~few nanoseconds) or continuous flow mixing (dead time~few microseconds), can be carried out at different denaturant concentrations to obtain a chevron plot.Though the limbs of the chevron are assumed to be linear with denaturant concentration, it is not always the case.