 Treatments for back pain, tonsillectomy, in vitro fertilisation, varicose veins commonly appear on these lists.Research by the Medical Technology Group reported in 2019 showed that many clinical commissioning groups were restricting access to basic elective surgeries and treatments in various ways, including imposing body mass index thresholds for hip and knee replacements, or visual acuity limits for cataract surgery.In April 2019 NHS England issued guidance to NHS Trusts on the basis that the evidence shows that in most cases the benefits of these procedures don't justify the risk and opportunity cost involved.