 According to Clement Greenberg, who helped popularize the term, medium specificity holds that "the unique and proper area of competence" for a form of art corresponds with the ability of an artist to manipulate those features that are "unique to the nature" of a particular medium.For example, in painting, literal flatness and abstraction are emphasised rather than illusionism and figuration.Medium specific can be seen to mean that ""the artwork is constituted by the characteristic qualities of the raw material.""