 In 2015, a study based on extensive research of fragmentary leg bone fossils suggested that "P. namadicus" may have been the largest land mammal ever.Several studies have attempted to estimate the size of the Asian straight-tusked elephants, as well as other prehistoric proboscideans, usually using comparisons of thigh bone length and knowledge of relative growth rates to estimate the size of incomplete skeletons.One partial skeleton found in India in 1905 had thigh bones that likely measured when complete, suggesting a total shoulder height of for this individual elephant.