Year 1519 (MDXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1519th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 519th year of the 2nd millennium, the 19th year of the 16th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1510s decade. Events January–June January 1 – Ulrich Zwingli preaches for the first time, as people's priest of the Great Minister in Zürich. March 4 – Hernán Cortés and his conquistadores land in Mexico. April 21 (Maundy Thursday) – Hernán Cortés reaches San Juan de Ulúa; next day (Good Friday) he sets foot on the beach of modern-day Veracruz. May 2 – 67-year-old Leonardo da Vinci dies. June 28 – Charles I of Spain becomes Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (rules until 1556). July–December July 4 – Martin Luther joins the debate regarding papal authority, against Johann Eck at Leipzig. July 10 – The Prince of Ning rebellion begins, after Zhu Chenhao declares the Ming dynasty's Zhengde Emperor a usurper, and leads his army north in an attempt to capture Nanjing. August 15 – Panama City is founded. August 20 – Ming Dynasty Chinese philosopher and general Wang Yangming, governor of Jiangxi, defeats Zhu Chenhao, ending the Prince of Ning rebellion. Wang has expressed the intention of using fo–lang–ji cannons in suppressing the rebellion, probably the earliest reference in China to the breech-loading Frankish culverin. September 20 – Ferdinand Magellan departs from Spain with a fleet of five ships, to sail westbound to the Spice Islands. October 12 – Hernán Cortés and his men, accompanied by 3,000 Tlaxcalans, enter Cholula. November 8 – Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlan, and the court of Aztec ruler Moctezuma. Date unknown The first civil revolt in Anatolia takes place, led by Alevi preacher Celâl. The Spanish invade Barbados. Spanish conquistadors sailing up the Pacific coast from Panama first observe modern-day Nicaragua, landing at the Gulf of Nicoya. Havana moves from the southern to the northern part of Cuba. A large pandemic spreads from the Greater Antilles into Central America, and perhaps as far as Peru in South America. This widespread epidemic kills off much of the indigenous populations in these areas (the first widely documented epidemic in the New World). Central Mexico Amerindians' population reaches 25.3 million. The Mexican Indian Wars begin. Cacao comes to Europe. St. Olaf's Church, Tallinn