first scientific society, the Academia Secretorum Naturae, is founded in Naples by Giambattista della Porta. Solihull School is founded in the West Midlands of England. The oldest surviving violin (dated inside), known as the Charles IX, is made in Cremona, in northern Italy. Bairam Khan loses power in the Mughal Empire. The Mongols invade and occupy Qinghai. The great age of piracy in the Caribbean starts around this time. Births January 3 – John Bois, English scholar (d. 1643) January 17 – Gaspard Bauhin, Swiss botanist (d. 1624) January 29 – Scipione Dentice, Neapolitan keyboard composer (d. 1633) March 13 – William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, Dutch count (d. 1620) March 29 – Erekle I, Prince of Mukhrani, Georgian noble (d. 1605) April 19 – Count Jobst of Limburg (d. 1621) May 6 – Guido Pepoli, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1599) June 25 – Wilhelm Fabry, German surgeon (d. 1634) June 28 – Giovanni Paolo Lascaris, Italian Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller (d. 1657) July 1 – Charles III de Croÿ, Belgian noble (d. 1612) July 7 – Margaret Clifford, Countess of Cumberland, English noblewoman and maid of honor to Elizabeth I (d. 1616) August 6 – Antoine Arnauld, French lawyer (d. 1619) August 7 – Elizabeth Báthory, Hungarian noblewoman and purported serial killer (d. 1614) August 10 – Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (d. 1629) August 19 – James Crichton, Scottish polymath (d. 1582) August 25 – Park Jin, Korean naval commander (d. 1597) September 4 – Charles I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (d. 1600) September 19 – Thomas Cavendish, English naval explorer, leader of the third expedition to circumnavigate the globe (d. 1592) October 10 – Jacobus Arminius, Dutch theologian (d. 1609) October 17 – Ernest Frederick, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (d. 1604) October 29 – Christian I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1591) November 3 – Annibale Carracci, Italian painter (d. 1609) November 22 – Charles, Margrave of Burgau, German nobleman (d. 1618) November 28 – Baltasar Marradas, Count of Spain (d. 1638) December 3 – Jan Gruter, Dutch critic and scholar (d. 1627) December 13 – Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully, 2nd Prime Minister of France (d. 1641) December 28 – Samuel Sandys, English politician (d. 1623) December 29 – Wolfgang Ernst I of Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein, German count (d. 1633) date unknown Felice Anerio, Italian composer (d. 1614) Marco Antonio de Dominis, Dalmatian archbishop and apostate (d. 1624)