from Spurius Maelius. 438 BC: Ictinus and Callicrates finish construction of the Parthenon, located on Athens' Acropolis. 435 BC: The Statue of Zeus at Olympia by Phidias, one of the seven wonders of the world, is completed. 434 BC: Conflict occurs between the Greek island of Kerkyra and its mother-city Corinth. 434 BC: Anaxagoras tries to square the circle with straightedge and compass. 433 BC: Battle of Sybota between Kerkyra and Corinth. 433 BC (or later): Burial of Marquis Yi of Zeng in China. 432 BC: Athens adopts a 19-year cycle of synchronizing solar and lunar calendars. 432 BC: Athens defeats Corinth in the battle of Potidaea. 432 BC: The Greek colony of Heraclea is founded by Tarentum and Thurii. 431 BC: The Peloponnesian War begins between Sparta and Athens and their allies. 431 BC: Defeat of the Aequi by the Romans under the dictator Aulus Postumius Tubertus. 431 BC: The Greek physician and philosopher Empedocles articulates the notion that the human body has four humors: blood, bile, black bile, and phlegm, a belief that dominates medical thinking for centuries. 430 BC: Athens suffers a major pestilence, believed to be caused by epidemic typhus. 430 BC: The philosopher Xenophon is born. c. 430 BC: First performance of Sophocles's Oedipus Rex. 420s BC 429 BC: Battle of Chalcis—Chalcidians and their allies are defeated by Athens. 429 BC: Battle of Naupactus—Phormio defeats the Peloponnesian fleet. 429 BC: An outbreak of a plague kills over one-third of the population of Athens. 429 BC: King Sitalkes of Thrace invades Macedonia. 428 BC: Mytilene rebels against Athens but is crushed. 428 BC: Sparta attempts to crush a rebellion on Corcyra, but cancels the effort when the Athenians try to intercept them. 428 BC: The Greek colony of Cumae in Italy falls to the Samnites. 427 BC: The leaders of the Mytilenian revolt are executed. 427 BC: Platea surrenders to the Spartans, who execute over 200 prisoners and destroy the city. 427 BC: The Athenians intervene in Sicily to blockade Sparta from the island. 428 BC: The philosopher Plato is born. 426 BC: Demosthenes unsuccessfully besieges the Corinthian colony of Leukas. 426 BC: When Ambracia invades Acarnania, they seek help from the Spartans and Athenians respectively. The Athenians then defeat the Spartans in the Battle of Olpae. 425 BC: Demosthenes captures the port of Pylos in the Peloponnesus. 425 BC: The Athenians invade Sphacteria and defeat