deaths. November 4–8 – James Young Simpson discovers the anesthetic properties of chloroform and first uses it, successfully, on a patient, in an obstetric case in Edinburgh. November 10 – The first brew of Carlsberg beer is finished in Copenhagen. November 17 – The Battle of Um Swayya Spring takes place near a spring in Qatar, after a Bahraini force under Shaikh Ali bin Khalifa Deputy Ruler of Bahrain defeats the Al Binali tribe. The chief of the Al Binali, Isa bin Tureef, is slain in battle with over 70 fatalities from his side. December 14 – Emily Brontë and Anne Brontë publish Wuthering Heights and Agnes Grey, respectively, in a 3-volume set under the pen names of Ellis Bell and Acton Bell in England. December 20 – British Royal Navy steam frigate is wrecked on the Sorelle Rocks in the Mediterranean Sea with the loss of 246 lives and only eight survivors. December 21 – Emir Abdelkader surrenders to the French in Algeria. Date unknown The Great Famine continues in Ireland. The North Carolina General Assembly incorporates the railroad town of Goldsborough, and the Wayne county seat is moved to the new town. Welfare in Sweden takes its first step with the introduction of the 1847 års fattigvårdförordning. Cartier, a luxury brand in France, is founded. Births January January 5 – Oku Yasukata, Japanese field marshal, leading figure in the early Imperial Japanese Army (d. 1930) January 7 – Caspar F. Goodrich, American admiral (d. 1925) January 24 – Radomir Putnik, Serbian field marshal (d. 1917) January 28 – Dorus Rijkers, Dutch naval hero (d. 1928) February February 3 – Warington Baden-Powell, British admiralty lawyer (d. 1921) February 4 – Remus von Woyrsch, German field marshal (d. 1920) February 5 – João Maria Correia Ayres de Campos, 1st Count of Ameal, Portuguese politician and antiquarian (d. 1920) February 8 – Hugh Price Hughes, Methodist social reformer, first Superintendent of the West London Mission (d. 1902) February 11 – Thomas Alva Edison, American inventor (d. 1931) February 13 – Sir Robert McAlpine, Scottish builder (d. 1930) February 15 – Robert Fuchs, Austrian composer (d. 1927) February 16 – Philipp Scharwenka, Polish-German composer (d. 1917) February 17 – Otto Blehr, Norwegian attorney, Liberal Party politician, 7th Prime Minister of Norway (d. 1927) March March 1 – Sir Thomas Brock, English sculptor (d. 1922) March 2 Isaac Barr, Anglican clergyman, promoter of