appearance of Astérix the Gaul. October 31 – Riots break out in the Belgian Congo. November November 1 – In Rwanda, Hutu politician Dominique Mbonyumutwa is beaten up by Tutsi forces, leading to a period of violence known as the wind of destruction. November 2 – At a ceremony near Toddington, British Minister of Transport Ernest Marples opens the first section of the M1 Motorway, between Watford and Crick, along with two spur motorways, the M45 and M10. Three decades of large scale motorway construction follow, leading to the rapid expansion of the UK motorway network. November 15 – The Clutter family of Holcomb, Kansas, is brutally murdered, inspiring Truman Capote's In Cold Blood. November 20 – The Declaration of the Rights of the Child is adopted by the United Nations. The MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor), also known as the MOS transistor, was invented by Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs. It revolutionized the electronics industry, and became the fundamental building block of the Digital Revolution. The MOSFET went on to become the most widely manufactured device in history. December December 1 – Cold War – Antarctic Treaty: 12 countries, including the United States and the Soviet Union, sign a landmark treaty that sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and bans military activity on the continent (the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War). December 2 – Malpasset Dam in southern France collapses and water flows over the town of Fréjus, killing 412. December 8 – The Mona, a lifeboat based at Broughty Ferry in Scotland, capsizes during a rescue attempt, with the loss of 8 lives. December 11 – Charles Robberts Swart is appointed the 11th Governor-General of the Union of South Africa. December 14 – Makarios III is selected the first president of Cyprus. Date unknown Nylon tights, popularly called pantyhose or sheer tights, are first sold on the open market as 'Panti-Legs' by Glen Raven Knitting Mills. The first known human with HIV dies in the Congo. The current (as of 2006) design of the Japanese 10 yen coin is put into circulation. The Caspian tiger becomes extinct in Iran. The Henney Kilowatt goes on sale in the United States, becoming the first mass-produced electric car in almost three decades. The iconic 1959 Cadillac is introduced, with tailfin wars peaking that had begun in 1948. Births January January 1 – Azali Assoumani,