beginning the Jin–Song wars. 1125: Lothair of Supplinburg, duke of Saxony, is elected Holy Roman Emperor instead of the nearest heir, Frederick of Swabia, beginning the great struggle between Guelphs and Ghibellines. 1127: The Northern Song dynasty loses power over northern China to the Jin dynasty. 1128: On June 24, the Kingdom of Portugal gains independence from the Kingdom of León at the Battle of São Mamede; (recognised by León in 1143). 1130s 1130–1180: 50-year drought in the American Southwest. 1130–1138: Papal schism, Pope Innocent II vs. Antipope Anacletus II. 1130: On March 26, Sigurd I of Norway dies. A golden era of 95 years comes to an end for Norway as civil wars between the members of Harald Fairhair's family line rage for the remainder of the century. 1130: On Christmas Day, Roger II is crowned King of Sicily, the royal title being bestowed on him by Antipope Anacletus II. 1130: King Jayabaya of Kadiri ascends to the throne. 1132: The Southern Song dynasty establishes China's first permanent standing navy, although China had a long naval history prior. The main admiral's office is at the port of Dinghai. 1132–1183: the Chinese navy increases from a mere 3,000 to 52,000 marine soldiers stationed in 20 different squadrons. During this time, hundreds of treadmill-operated paddle wheel craft are assembled for the navy to fight the Jin dynasty in the north. 1135–1154: The Anarchy takes place, a period of civil war in England. 1136: Suger begins rebuilding the abbey church at St Denis north of Paris, which is regarded as the first major Gothic building. 1137: On July 22, the future King Louis VII of France marries Eleanor, the Duchess of Aquitaine. 1138: On October 11, the 1138 Aleppo earthquake devastates much of northern Syria. 1139: in April, the Second Lateran Council ends the papal schism. 1139: On July 5, in the Treaty of Mignano, Pope Innocent II confirms Roger II as King of Sicily, Duke of Apulia, and Prince of Capua and invests him with his titles. 1139: On July 26, the Portuguese defeat the Almoravids led by Ali ibn Yusuf in the Battle of Ourique; Prince Afonso Henriques is acclaimed King of Portugal by his soldiers. 1140s 1140–1150: Collapse of the Ancestral Puebloan culture at Chaco Canyon (modern-day New Mexico). 1141: The Treaty of Shaoxing ends the conflict between the Jin dynasty and Southern Song dynasty, legally establishing the boundaries