and educator (d. 1961) November 8 – Robert Esnault-Pelterie, French aircraft designer, pioneer rocket theorist (d. 1957) November 12 – Maximilian von Weichs, German field marshal (d. 1954) November 14 – Nicholas Schenck, Russian-born American film studio executive (d. 1969) November 15 – Franklin P. Adams, American columnist, poet (d. 1960) November 24 – Al Christie, Canadian-born director, producer (d. 1951) November 25 Jacob Fichman, Romanian-born Israeli poet, essayist (d. 1958) Pope John XXIII (b. Angelo Roncalli), Italian pontiff (1958-1963) (d. 1963) November 28 – Stefan Zweig, Austrian writer (d. 1942) December December 2 – Heinrich Barkhausen, German physicist (d. 1956) December 3 – Henry Fillmore, American composer, bandleader (d. 1956) December 16 – Henri Dentz, French general (d. 1945) December 23 – Juan Ramón Jiménez, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958) December 30 – Wiktor Thommée, Polish general (d. 1962) Deaths January–June January 1 – Louis Auguste Blanqui, French socialist, political activist (b. 1805) January 3 – Anna McNeill Whistler, James Whistlers mother, subject of his painting (b. 1804) January 18 – Auguste Mariette, French Egyptologist (b. 1821) January 21 – Wilhelm Matthias Naeff, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1802) January 24 – Frances Stackhouse Acton, British botanist, archaeologist, writer and artist (b. 1794) February 5 – Thomas Carlyle, Scottish writer, historian (b. 1795) February 8 – Marie Jules Dupré, French admiral and colonial governor (b. 1813) February 9 – Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist (b. 1821) February 14 – Fernando Wood, New York City mayor (b. 1812) February 23 – Robert F. R. Lewis, American naval officer (b. 1826) March 2 – Sir John Cracroft Wilson, British civil servant, and politician in New Zealand (b. 1808) March 13 – Emperor Alexander II of Russia (assassinated) (b. 1818) March 28 – Modest Mussorgsky, Russian composer (b. 1839) March 31 – Lucy Virginia French, American blank verse poet (b. 1825) April 19 – Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804) April 26 – Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen, Bavarian general (b. 1815) April 27 – Ludwig von Benedek, Austrian general (b. 1804) May 24 – Samuel Palmer, English artist (b. 1805) May 25 – Giuseppe Maria Giulietti, Italian explorer (b. 1847) June 6 – Henri Vieuxtemps, Belgian composer (b. 1820) June 28 – Jules Armand Dufaure, 3-time prime minister of France (b. 1798) June 30 – Gustav von Alvensleben, Prussian general (b. 1803)