10 – Akechi Mitsuhide, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1582) March 25 – Jakob Andreae, German theologian (d. 1590) June 7 – Cyriacus Spangenberg, German theologian and historian (d. 1604) June 21 – Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1603) June 29 – Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1589) July 7 – Archduchess Anna of Austria, Duchess of Bavaria (d. 1590) July 8 – Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (d. 1580) July 26 – Diego Andrada de Payva, Portuguese theologian (d. 1575) August 10 – Eric II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1584) September 25 – Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg (d. 1603) October 4? – Francisco Guerrero, Spanish composer (d. 1599) October 10 – Adam Lonicer, German botanist (d. 1586) November 2 – Petrus Lotichius Secundus, German Neo-Latin poet (d. 1560) November 6 – Gabriel Goodman, Dean of Westminster (d. 1601) November 12 – Qi Jiguang, Chinese military general (d. 1588) November 14 – Francisco Pérez de Valenzuela, Spanish noble (d. 1599) November 16 – Jeanne d'Albret, Queen of Navarre (d. 1572) November 29 – Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montagu, English politician (d. 1592) date unknown Igram van Achelen, Dutch statesman (d. 1604) Adam von Bodenstein, Swiss alchemist and physician (d. 1577) Jean-Jacques Boissard, French antiquary and Latin poet (d. 1602) Andrey Kurbsky, Russian writer (d. 1583) George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, English statesman (d. 1590) Phùng Khắc Khoan, Vietnamese military strategist, politician, diplomat and poet (d. 1613) Sabina, Duchess of Bavaria (d. 1578) Tanegashima Tokitaka, Japanese daimyō (d. 1579) Thomas Whythorne, English musician and author (d. 1595) probable Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick, English general (d. 1590) Paul de Foix, French diplomat (d. 1584) Jean de Ligne, Duke of Arenberg, stadtholder of the Dutch provinces of Friesland (d. 1568) Costanzo Porta, Italian composer (d. 1601) Deaths January 30 – Maharana Sangram Singh, Rana of Mewar (b. 1484) February 29 – Patrick Hamilton, Scottish religious reformer (martyred) (b. 1504) March 10 – Balthasar Hübmaier, influential German/Moravian Anabaptist leader (b. 1480) April 1 – Francisco de Peñalosa, Spanish composer (b. c. 1470) April 6 – Albrecht Dürer, German artist, writer, and mathematician (b. 1471) July – Palma il Vecchio, Italian painter (b. 1480) August 15 – Odet de Foix, Vicomte de Lautrec, French military leader (b. 1485) August 20 – Georg von Frundsberg, German knight and landowner (b. 1473) August 23 – Louis, Count of Vaudémont, Italian bishop