A referendum in France favors the election of the president by universal suffrage. October 31 – The United Nations General Assembly asks the United Kingdom to suspend enforcement of the new constitution in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), but it comes into effect on November 1. November November – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's novella One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (, Odin den' Ivana Denisovicha), the author's pseudo-autobiographical account of life in the gulag, is published in Novy Mir, in an unprecedented acknowledgement of the Soviet Union's Stalinist past. November 1 The Soviet Union begins dismantling its missiles in Cuba. The comic book antihero Diabolik first appears in Italy. November 3 – Earliest recorded use of the term "personal computer", in the report of a speech by computing pioneer John Mauchly in The New York Times. November 5 West German defense minister Franz Josef Strauß is relieved of his duties over the Spiegel scandal, due to his alleged involvement in police action against the magazine. Saudi Arabia breaks off diplomatic relations with Egypt, following a period of unrest, partly caused by the defection of several Saudi princes to Egypt. A coal mining disaster in Ny-Ålesund kills 21 people; the Norwegian government is forced to resign in the aftermath of this accident, in August 1963. November 6 – Apartheid: The United Nations General Assembly passes a resolution condemning South Africa's racist apartheid policies and calls for all UN member states to cease military and economic relations with the nation. November 17 – Dulles International Airport, in Washington, D.C., is dedicated by President John F. Kennedy. November 20 – Cuban Missile Crisis: In response to the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its missiles from Cuba, President John F. Kennedy ends the blockade of the island. November 21 – The Sino-Indian War ends with a Chinese ceasefire. November 23 – United Airlines Flight 297 crashes in Columbia, Maryland, killing all 17 on board. November 24 – The first episode of That Was the Week That Was, the groundbreaking satirical comedy program hosted by David Frost, is broadcast on BBC Television in the United Kingdom. November 26 Spiegel scandal: German police end their occupation of Der Spiegel'''s offices. Mies Bouwman starts presenting the first live TV-marathon fundraising show (Open Het Dorp in the Netherlands), which lasts 23 hours non-stop. November 27 – French President Charles De Gaulle orders Georges Pompidou to form a government. November