Events January–March January 26 – The Dutch ship 't Gulden Zeepaert, skippered by François Thijssen, makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia. February 15 – The administrative rural parish of Iisalmi () is established in Savonia, by order of King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. February 17 – England lands the first European settlers on Barbados. March 3 – After the First Manchu invasion of Korea, the Joseon Dynasty of Korea becomes a tributary state of the Manchus, but still pays respects to the Ming Dynasty of China. After rejecting a Manchu alteration to the original diplomatic terms in 1636, the Manchus invade again in 1637. March 17 – Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, is forced to abdicate after his spending brings Hesse-Kassel to bankruptcy. His son takes over as William V and cedes much of the landgravate in September to bring peace in its war against Hesse-Darmstadt. April–June April 10 – The 't Gulden Zeepaert reaches Batavia in the Dutch East Indies. April 17 – The States of Friesland agree on the 28-point Appeal about Abuses after allowing the citizens to voice their complaints. May 10 – The Kingdom of England reaches and agreement with Sidi Al-Ayyashi, a Moroccan Mujahidin leader to obtain his help in releasing English captives seized by the Barbary pirates. May 13 – France and England sign and agreement on dividing the island of Saint Kitts. May 23 – Ngarolamo becomes the new Sultan of Tidore in the Maluku Islands in what is now Indonesia. June 15 – The States of Friesland promulgate the Resolution on the April 17 appeal about abuses. June 20 – Hinchingbrooke House is sold by Sir Oliver Cromwell, to Sidney Montagu. July–September July 4– Turkish Abductions: The Barbary pirates begin raiding Iceland in attacks that last until July 19. July 20– Eighty Years' War: Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, the Siege of Grol, the last Spanish stronghold in the eastern Netherlands, and captures it after 30 days. July 22 – The English, under the Duke of Buckingham, invade Ré Island in support of the Huguenots in La Rochelle; the invasion fails. July 27 – An earthquake destroys the cities of San Severo and Torremaggiore in southern Italy. August 16 – In a persecution of Christians in Japan, 14 Franciscan missionaries and converts are killed. August 19 – Eighty Years' War: Grol, in the Spanish Netherlands, is captured after