rocket on its maiden orbital spaceflight (the first and last space flight for the shuttle). Israeli–Palestinian conflict: An independent State of Palestine is proclaimed at the Palestinian National Council meeting in Algiers, by a vote of 253–46. The very first Fairtrade label, Max Havelaar, is launched by Nico Roozen, Frans van der Hoff and ecumenical development agency Solidaridad in the Netherlands. November 16 Singing Revolution: The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR adopts the Estonian Sovereignty Declaration in which the laws of the Estonian SSR are declared supreme over those of the Soviet Union. The USSR declares it unconstitutional on November 26. It is the first declaration of sovereignty from Moscow of any Soviet or Eastern Bloc entity. In the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan choose populist candidate Benazir Bhutto to be Prime Minister. Elections are held as planned despite head of state Zia-ul-Haq's death earlier in August. November 23 – Former Korean president Chun Doo-hwan makes a formal apology for corruption during his presidency, announcing he will go into exile. December December 1 Carlos Salinas de Gortari takes office as President of Mexico. The first World AIDS Day is held. December 2 Benazir Bhutto is sworn in as Prime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the first woman to head the government of an Islam-dominated state. A cyclone in Bangladesh leaves 5 million homeless and thousands dead. December 6 – The Australian Capital Territory is granted self-government by the Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988. December 7 – In Soviet Armenia, the 6.8 Spitak earthquake kills nearly 25,000, injures 31,000 and leaves 400,000 homeless. December 12 – The Clapham Junction rail crash in London kills 35 and injures 132. December 16 – Perennial U.S. presidential candidate Lyndon LaRouche is convicted of mail fraud. December 20 – The United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances is signed at Vienna. December 21 – Pan Am Flight 103 is blown up over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing a total of 270 people. Libya is suspected of involvement. Date unknown Near the end of the year, the first proper and official Internet connection between North America and Europe is made between Princeton, New Jersey, United States, and Stockholm, Sweden. Zebra mussels, a species originally native to the lakes of southern Russia and Ukraine, are found in the Great Lakes of North America. Births January January 1