begins shooting the Nazi propaganda film Theresienstadt in Theresienstadt concentration camp. He and many others who are featured in it are transferred to Auschwitz and gassed upon the film's completion. Sue S. Dauser becomes the first woman appointed to the substantive rank of captain, in the United States Navy Nurse Corps. February 29 – WWII: Pacific War – The Admiralty Islands campaign (Operation Brewer) opens when U.S. forces land on Los Negros Island in the Admiralty Islands. March March – Austrian-born economist Friedrich Hayek publishes his book The Road to Serfdom in London. March 1 – WWII: American submarine torpedoes Japanese merchant cruiser ; 2,495 drown. March 2 – The 16th Academy Awards Ceremony is held, the first Oscar ceremony held at a large public venue, Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood. Casablanca, directed by Michael Curtiz, wins the Award for Best Picture. March 3 – WWII: The Order of Nakhimov and the Order of Ushakov are instituted in the USSR. March 4 – Louis Buchalter, the leader of 1930s crime syndicate Murder, Inc., is executed at Sing Sing, in Ossining, New York, along with Emanuel Weiss and Louis Capone. March 6 – WWII: Soviet Army planes attack Narva, Estonia, destroying almost the entire baroque old town. March 9 – WWII: Soviet Army planes attack Tallinn, Estonia, killing 757 and leaving 25,000 homeless. March 10 In Britain, the prohibition on married women working as teachers is lifted. Resistance leader Joop Westerweel is arrested while returning to the Netherlands, having escorted a group of Jewish children to safety in Spain. March 12 – WWII: The Political Committee of National Liberation is created in Greece. March 15 WWII: Battle of Monte Cassino: Allied aircraft bomb the monastery, and an assault is staged. WWII: The National Council of the French Resistance approves the Resistance programme. The Soviet Union introduces a new anthem, replacing The Internationale. March 18 The last eruption of Mount Vesuvius in Italy kills 26, and causes thousands to flee their homes. WWII: The Nazis execute almost 400 prisoners, Soviet citizens and anti-fascist Romanians at Rîbnița. March 19 WWII: Operation Margarethe: German forces occupy Hungary. The secular oratorio A Child of Our Time by Michael Tippett is premiered at the Adelphi Theatre in London. March 20 - WWII: Landing on Emirau: 4,000 United States Marines land on Emirau Island in the Bismarck Archipelago to develop an airbase, as part of Operation Cartwheel.