North'. Stevenson completes writing it at the end of the summer in France. July–September July 3 – The SS Daphne sinks on launch in Glasgow, Scotland, leaving 124 dead. July 4 – The world's first rodeo is held in Pecos, Texas. July 22 – Zulu King Cetshwayo barely escapes a rebel attack with his life. August – King William's College is opened on the Isle of Man. August 12 – The last quagga dies at the Artis Magistra zoo in Amsterdam. August 21 – 1883 Rochester tornado: An F5 tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota, leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic. August 26–27 – 1883 eruption of Krakatoa: The volcanic island of Krakatoa erupts at 10:02 AM (local time); 163 villages are destroyed, 36,417 killed by tsunami. August 29 – Dunfermline Carnegie Library, the first Carnegie library, is opened in Andrew Carnegie's hometown, Dunfermline, Scotland. September 1 – Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical Supremi apostolatus officio ("On Devotion of the Rosary"). September 11 – Major Evelyn Baring becomes Consul-General of Egypt under British rule. September 15 The Bombay Natural History Society is founded in India. The University of Texas at Austin opens to students. September 29 – A consortium of flour mill operators in Minneapolis forms the Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway, as a means to get their product to the Great Lakes ports, avoiding the high tariffs of Chicago. October–December October 1 Sydney Boys High School is founded in Sydney, Australia, the first boys' public school. In Amsterdam, the first International Colonial and Export Exhibition closes, having had over 1 million visitors. October 4 The Boys' Brigade (the first uniformed youth organization in existence) is founded in Glasgow, Scotland. The Orient Express train begins to run through from Paris Gare de l'Est to Giurgiu in Romania, with onward ferry and train connections to Istanbul (the train has been running since June 5 as far as Vienna). October 15 – The Supreme Court of the United States declares part of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional, allowing individuals and corporations to discriminate based on race. October 20 – Peru and Chile sign the Treaty of Ancón, by which the Tarapacá province is ceded to Chile, ending Peru's involvement in the War of the Pacific. October 22 – The Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram in Vienna (Austria) is the first electric tram powered by overhead wire.