The first Cod War begins between the United Kingdom and Iceland. September 2 Hendrik Verwoerd becomes the 6th Prime Minister of South Africa. China's first television broadcasts start at Beijing Television Station, a predecessor of China Central Television. September 4 – Jorge Alessandri is the winner of Chile's presidential election. September 6 – Paul Robeson performs in concert at the Soviet Young Pioneer camp Artek. September 12 – Jack Kilby invents the first integrated circuit, while working at Texas Instruments. September 14 – Two rockets designed by German engineer Ernst Mohr (the first German post-war rockets) reach the upper atmosphere. September 18 – BankAmericard, the first credit card to be widely offered, is launched in Fresno, California in what becomes known as the "Fresno Drop". September 27 Typhoon Ida kills at least 1,269 in Honshū, Japan. Hurricane Helene, the worst storm of the North Atlantic hurricane season, reaches category 4 status. September 28 – In the 1958 French constitutional referendum, a majority of 79% says yes to the constitution of the Fifth Republic. September 30 – The U.S.S.R. performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya. October October – GoldStar, as predecessor for LG Electronics, founded in South Korea. October 1 Tunisia and Morocco join the Arab League. NASA starts operations and replaces the NACA in the United States. October 2 – Guinea declares itself independent from France. October 4 The new Constitution of France is signed into law, establishing the French Fifth Republic. British Overseas Airways Corporation uses the new De Havilland Comet jets, to become the first airline to fly jet passenger services across the Atlantic. October 11 – Pioneer 1, the second and most successful of the 3 project Able space probes, becomes the first spacecraft launched by the newly formed NASA. October 13 – Penny Coelen is crowned Miss World 1958 during the 8th Miss World Pageant, the first South African to win the title. October 16 – The long-running BBC Television children's programme Blue Peter is first broadcast. October 17 – An Evening with Fred Astaire, the first television show recorded on color videotape, is broadcast on NBC in the United States. October 18 – Tennis for Two, a game invented by William Higinbotham and considered to be the first pure entertainment computer game, is introduced at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Visitors' Day Exhibit in the United States. October 23 – The Nobel Committee announces Russian