Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1569) August 4 – Sisto Fabri, Italian theologian (d. 1594) August 5 – Joseph Justus Scaliger, French Protestant scholar (d. 1609) August 25 – Lady Catherine Grey, English noblewoman, potential successor to the throne (d. 1568) September 5 – Magnus, Duke of Holstein, Prince of Denmark (d. 1583) September 9 – John VII, Count of Oldenburg (d. 1603) October 1 – Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (d. 1617) November 12 – Anna of Veldenz, Margrave of Baden (d. 1586) November 16 – Princess Cecilia of Sweden (d. 1627) December 8 – Giovanni Vincenzo Gonzaga, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1591) December 21 – Thomas Schweicker, German artist (d. 1602) December 28 – Charles I, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1610) December 31 – Silvio Antoniano, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1603) date unknown Andrea Andreani, Italian wood engraver (d. 1623) Francis Drake, English sea captain, privateer, navigator, slaver, pirate and politician (d. 1596) Christopher Hatton, English politician (d. 1591) George Hastings, 4th Earl of Huntingdon, English nobleman (d. 1604) Pierre Jeannin, French statesman (d. 1622) François Viète, French mathematician (d. 1603) Amago Yoshihisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1610) probable William Byrd, English composer (d. 1623) Bernardino de Mendoza, Spanish military commander (d. 1604) Paschal Baylon, Spanish friar (d. 1592) Deaths c. January – Elizabeth Blount, mistress of Henry VIII of England (b. 1502) January 27 – Angela Merici, Italian religious leader and saint (b. 1474) March 30 – Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg, German statesman and archbishop of Salzburg (b. 1469) April 21 – Afonso of Portugal, Catholic cardinal (b. 1509) May 6 – Juan Luís Vives, Spanish scholar (b. 1492) May 22 – Francesco Guicciardini, Italian statesman and historian (b. 1483) June 16 – Konrad von Thüngen, German noble (b. c. 1466) July 22 – John Zápolya, King of Hungary (b. c. 1490) July 28 – Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (executed) (b. c.1485) July 30 Thomas Abel, English priest (martyred) (b. c. 1497) Robert Barnes, English reformer (martyred) (b. 1495) Eric I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg (1491–1540) (b. 1470) August 23 – Guillaume Budé, French scholar (b. 1467) August 24 – Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola (Parmigianino), Italian artist (b. 1503) August 28 – Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (b. 1500) September 2 – Lebna Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia (in battle) (b. 1501) September 16 – Enrique de Borja y Aragón, Spanish noble