Events January–March January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed Empress of India by the Royal Titles Act 1876, introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom . January 8 – Great Sioux War of 1876 – Battle of Wolf Mountain: Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with the United States Cavalry in Montana. January 20 – The Conference of Constantinople ends, with Ottoman Turkey rejecting proposals of internal reform and Balkan provisions. January 29 – The Satsuma Rebellion, a revolt of disaffected samurai in Japan, breaks out against the new imperial government; it lasts until September, when it is crushed by a professionally led army of draftees. February 17 – Major General Charles George Gordon of the British Army is appointed Governor-General of the Sudan. March – The Nineteenth Century magazine is founded in London. March 2 – Compromise of 1877: The 1876 United States presidential election is resolved with the selection of Rutherford B. Hayes as the winner, even though Samuel J. Tilden won the popular vote on November 7, 1876. March 4 Emile Berliner invents the microphone. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake debuts. Rutherford B. Hayes is sworn in as the 19th President of the United States. March 15 – English cricket team in Australia and New Zealand in 1876–77: The first Test cricket match is held between England and Australia. March 24 – For the only time in history, The Boat Race between the Universities of Cambridge and Oxford is declared a "dead heat" (i.e., a draw). April–June April 1 – Following years of murders of Sharecroppers and US army personnel by the former slave owners, the Reconstruction era of the United States ends when Union troops pull out of the Southern United States. This leaves the former slaves at the mercy of their owners, which begins the Gilded Age when large businesses start to monopolize the American economy. April 10 – The first human cannonball act in the British Isles, and perhaps the world, is performed by 14-year-old Rossa Matilda Richter ("Zazel") at the London Royal Aquarium. April 12 The United Kingdom annexes the South African Republic, violating the Sand River Convention of 1852, causing a new Xhosa War. The University of Tokyo is officially established in Japan. April 24 – Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878): Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire. May 5 – Great Sioux War of 1876: