poor and the sick. They support themselves by working and by begging for food, but they are forbidden to accept money either for work or as alms. The Franciscans work at first in Umbria and then in the rest of Italy. The impact of these street preachers and especially of their founder is immense, so that within 10 years they number some 5,000 followers. October 21 – Innocent III crowns Otto IV as emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in St. Peter's Basilica at Rome. Births January 5 – Richard of Cornwall, English nobleman (d. 1272) January 11 – Möngke Khan, Mongol emperor (khagan) (d. 1259) June 25 – Fujiwara no Shunshi, Japanese empress (d. 1233) September 8 – Sancho II (the Pious), king of Portugal (d. 1248) December 7 – Vasilko Konstantinovich, Kievan prince (d. 1238) Bettisia Gozzadini, Italian female scholar and jurist (d. 1261) Choe Hang, Korean general and dictator (d. 1257) Gilbert of Preston, English Chief Justice (d. 1274) Haji Bektash Veli, Persian philosopher (d. 1271) Kuniko (or Hoshi), Japanese empress (d. 1283) Roger Bigod, English nobleman and knight (d. 1270) Shang Ting, Chinese calligrapher and poet (d. 1288) Valdemar III (the Young), king of Denmark (d. 1231) Walter Marshal, English nobleman and knight (d. 1245) Xu Heng, Chinese official and philosopher (d. 1281) Deaths January 10 – William of Donjeon, French archbishop (b. 1140) January 13 – Matilda of Saxony, German noblewoman (b. 1172) March 7 – Otto VIII, count palatine of Bavaria (approximate date) April 2 – Elisabeth of Greater Poland, Polish princess (b. 1152) May 16 – Ji Gong (or Daoji), Chinese Buddhist monk (b. 1130) September 12 – Fujiwara no Kinshi, Japanese empress (b. 1134) November 10 – Raymond Roger, French nobleman (b. 1185) November 12 – Phillipe de Plessis, French Grand Master (b. 1165) Albrecht von Johansdorf, German minnesänger (approximate date) Alfonso II (Berenguer), Spanish nobleman and knight (b. 1180) Arnold of Altena, German nobleman and knight (b. 1166) Berenguier de Palazol (or Palou), Spanish troubadour Gaucelm Faidit, French troubadour (approximate date) John of Hexham, English monk and chronicler (b. 1160) Lu You, Chinese historian, poet and writer (b. 1125) Margaret of Sweden, queen consort of Norway (b. 1155) Nizami Ganjavi, Persian mystic poet and writer (b. 1141) Petrus Riga, French priest and poet (approximate date) Rigord, French monk and chronicler (approximate date) Ruzbihan Baqli, Persian Sufi master and poet (b. 1128)