becomes prime minister. October 29 – In Norway, the government headed by Prime Minister of Norway Jan P. Syse collapses. October 30 – The first transatlantic fiber optic cable TAT-8 fails, causing a slowdown of Internet traffic between the United States and Europe. November November – The earliest known portable digital camera sold in the United States ships. November 7 – Mary Robinson defeats odds-on favorite Brian Lenihan to become the first female President of Ireland. November 2 – British Satellite Broadcasting and Sky Television plc merge to form BSkyB as a result of massive losses. November 3 – Gro Harlem Brundtland assumes office as Prime Minister of Norway. November 5 – Rabbi Meir Kahane, founder of the far-right Kach movement, is shot dead after a speech at a New York City hotel. November 6 – Nawaz Sharif is sworn in as the Prime Minister of Pakistan. November 7 Indian Prime Minister Singh resigns over losing a confidence vote in the Parliament of India, having lost the support of Hindus who want a Muslim mosque in Ayodhya torn down to build a Hindu temple. The final military parade to mark the anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution takes place in the USSR. November 9 A new constitution comes into effect in the Kingdom of Nepal, establishing multiparty democracy and constitutional monarchy; this is the culmination of the 1990 People's Movement. The Parliament of Singapore enacts the Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act. November 10 – Chandra Shekhar becomes Prime Minister of India as head of a minority government. November 12 Akihito is enthroned as the 125th emperor of Japan following the death of his father on January 7, 1989. Tim Berners-Lee publishes a more formal proposal for the World Wide Web. November 13 The first known web page is written. In New Zealand, David Gray kills 13 people in what will become known as the Aramoana massacre. November 14 – Germany and Poland sign a treaty confirming the border at the Oder–Neisse line. November 15 STS-38: Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on a classified U.S. military mission. President Bush signed new Clean Air Act, focused on urban pollution and cancer-causing emissions from industrial sources. November 17 – Soviet President Gorbachev proposes a radical restructuring of the Soviet government, including the creation of a Federal Council to be made up of the heads of the 15 Soviet republics. November 19–21 –