the supreme organ of the ZO Palestine Office (est. 1908), the executive arm of the ZO in Palestine Jewish National Fund (JNF), est. 1901 to buy and develop land in Palestine Keren Hayesod, est. 1920 to collect funds Jewish Agency, est. 1929 as the worldwide operative branch of the ZO Funding The Zionist enterprise was mainly funded by major benefactors who made large contributions, sympathisers from Jewish communities across the world (see for instance the Jewish National Fund's collection boxes), and the settlers themselves. The movement established a bank for administering its finances, the Jewish Colonial Trust (est. 1888, incorporated in London in 1899). A local subsidiary was formed in 1902 in Palestine, the Anglo-Palestine Bank. A list of pre-state large contributors to Pre-Zionist and Zionist enterprises would include, alphabetically, Isaac Leib Goldberg (1860–1935), Zionist leader and philanthropist from Russia Maurice de Hirsch (1831–1896), German Jewish financier and philanthropist, founder of the Jewish Colonization Association Moses Montefiore (1784–1885), British Jewish banker and philanthropist in Britain and the Levant, initiator and financier of Proto-Zionism Edmond James de Rothschild (1845–1934), French Jewish banker and major donor of the Zionist project Pre-state self-defense A list of Jewish pre-state self-defense organisations in Palestine would include Bar-Giora (organization) (1907-1909) HaMagen, "The Shield" (1915–17) HaNoter, "The Guard" (pre-WWI, distinct from the British Madate-period Notrim) Hashomer (1909-1920) Haganah (1920-1948) Palmach (1941-1948) Territories considered Throughout the first decade of the Zionist movement, there were several instances where some Zionist figures supported a Jewish state in places outside Palestine, such as Uganda and Argentina. Theodor Herzl, the founder of political Zionism was initially content with any Jewish self-governed state. Jewish settlement of Argentina was the project of Maurice de Hirsch. It is unclear if Herzl seriously considered this alternative plan, however he later reaffirmed that Palestine would have greater attraction because of the historic ties of Jews with that area. A major concern in considering other territories was the Russian pogroms, in particular the Kishinev massacre, and the resultant need for quick resettlement. However, other Zionists emphasized the memory, emotion and tradition linking Jews to the Land of Israel. Zion became the name of the movement, after the place where King David established his kingdom, following his conquest of the Jebusite fortress there (II Samuel 5:7, I Kings 8:1). The name Zion was synonymous with Jerusalem. Palestine only became Herzl's main focus after his Zionist manifesto 'Der Judenstaat' was