town of Hof after being allowed through Czechoslovakia. November 4 Alexanderplatz demonstration in East Berlin. Half a million people protest against communist rule in East Germany. Typhoon Gay devastates Thailand's Chumphon Province. November 6 – The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is established. November 7 Cold War: The Communist government of East Germany resigns, although SED leader Egon Krenz remains as head of state. Lieutenant Governor Douglas Wilder wins the Virginia gubernatorial race, becoming the first African-American elected Governor in the United States. David Dinkins becomes the first African-American mayor of New York City. November 9 Cold War and Fall of the Berlin Wall: Günter Schabowski accidentally states in a live broadcast press conference that new rules for traveling from East Germany to West Germany will be put in effect "immediately". Late this evening, East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall, allowing its citizens to travel freely to West Germany for the first time in decades. In the first week, travel visas will be issued to around 25% of the East German population. Yıldırım Akbulut of Motherland Party (Turkey) (ANAP) forms the new government of Turkey (47th government). November 10 After 45 years of Communist rule in Bulgaria, Bulgarian Communist Party leader Todor Zhivkov is replaced by Foreign Minister Petar Mladenov, who changes the party's name to the Bulgarian Socialist Party. Gaby Kennard becomes the first Australian woman to fly solo around the world. November 12 – Brazil holds its first free presidential election since 1960. November 13 – Hans-Adam II becomes Prince of Liechtenstein on the death of his father, Prince Franz Joseph II. November 14 – Elections are held in Namibia, leading to a victory for the South West Africa People's Organisation. November 15 Lech Wałęsa, leader of Poland's Solidarity movement, addresses a Joint session of the United States Congress. Brazil holds the first round of its first free election in 29 years; Fernando Collor de Mello and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva advance to the second round, to be held the following month. November 16 Six Jesuit priests are murdered by U.S. trained Salvadoran soldiers. The first American cosmetics shop in the Soviet Union, an Estée Lauder outlet, opens in Moscow. UNESCO adopts the Seville Statement on Violence at the 25th session of its General Conference. November 17 – Cold War: Velvet Revolution – A peaceful student demonstration in Prague, Czechoslovakia, is severely beaten back by riot