stored, having been directed there by God through an angel (according to what he writes in 1838). September 23 – First Anglo-Burmese War: Burmese forces attack the British on Shapura, an island close to Chittagong. September 28 – Roman Catholic Cardinal Annibale della Genga is elected Pope Leo XII. September 30 – Cádiz surrenders to the French and Ferdinand VII of Spain is restored to his throne, immediately repealing the liberal Spanish Constitution of 1812. October–December October 5 – Medical journal The Lancet is founded by Thomas Wakley in London. October 22 - Simón Bolívar writes to Paraguayan dictator José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia to release his friend Aimé Bonpland. Otherwise, an invasion would take place. José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia never answered the letter. November 3 – An explosion at the Rainton Colliery Company's Plain Pit mine at Chilton Moor in the north of England, kills 57 coal miners. November – According to tradition, William Webb Ellis invents the sport of rugby football at Rugby School in England. December 2 – James Monroe first introduces the Monroe Doctrine in the State of the Union address, declaring that any European attempts to recolonize the Americas would be considered a hostile act towards the United States. Undated The first Anglo-Ashanti War begins. British expedition up the St. Clair River; site of Corunna surveyed as a potential capital for Upper Canada. Olbers' paradox is described by the German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers. Work begins on the British Museum in London, designed by Robert Smirke, and the Altes Museum in Berlin, designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel. The Oxford Union is founded as a student debating society in England. Births January–June January 1 – Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet, revolutionary (d. 1849) January 3 – Robert Whitehead, English engineer, inventor (d. 1905) January 8 – Alfred Russel Wallace, British naturalist, biologist (d. 1913) January 11 – Pierre Philippe Denfert-Rochereau, French military officer and politician (d. 1878) January 27 – Édouard Lalo, French composer (d. 1892) February 15 – Li Hongzhang, Chinese politician, general and diplomat (d. 1901) February 28 Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (d. 1883) Ernest Renan, French philosopher, philologist, historian and writer (d. 1892) March 3 – John George Adair, Scots-Irish businessman and landowner; also known as "Black Jack" for his eviction of 244 people in 1861; financier of JA Ranch(d. 1885) March 8 – Gyula Andrássy, 4th Prime Minister of