December 10 – Olivier Messiaen, French composer (died 1992) December 11 Carlos Arias Navarro, Spanish politician, President of Spain (died 1989) Elliott Carter, American composer (died 2012) Manoel de Oliveira, Portuguese film director and screenwriter (died 2015) Hákun Djurhuus, 4th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (died 1987) Alfred Proksch, Austrian Olympic athlete (died 2011) December 14 Doria Shafik, Egyptian feminist, poet, writer and editor (d. 1975) Laurence Naismith, English actor (died 1992) December 16 – Hans Schaffner, 69th President of Switzerland (died 2004) December 17 – Willard Libby, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1980) December 28 – Lew Ayres, American actor (died 1996) December 31 – Simon Wiesenthal, Austrian Nazi-hunter (died 2005) Date unknown Takieddin el-Solh, 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon (died 1988) Suleiman Nabulsi, 12th Prime Minister of Jordan (died 1976) Deaths January–March January 9 – Wilhelm Busch, German painter, poet (born 1832) January 14 – Holger Drachmann, Danish poet (born 1846) January 17 – Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany (born 1835) January 23 – Edward MacDowell, American composer (born 1860) January 25 – Ouida, English writer (born 1839) February 1 King Carlos I of Portugal (born 1863) Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal (born 1887) February 17 Annie Ryder Gracey, American missionary (born 1836) Baron Ignaz von Plener, 3rd Minister-President of Cisleithania (born 1810) February 22 – Eliza A. Pittsinger, "The California Poetess" (born 1837) February 29 John Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow, 1st Governor-General of Australia (born 1860) Pat Garrett, Sheriff in the Old West; shot Billy the Kid in 1881 (born 1850) March 3 – Sidney Hill, English philanthropist (born 1829) March 11 – Edmondo De Amicis, Italian novelist (born 1846) March 27 – Charles N. Sims, American Methodist preacher, third chancellor of Syracuse University (born 1835) March 29 – Esther Pugh, American temperance reformer (born 1834) March 30 – Chester Gillette, American murderer (executed) (born 1883) April–June April 20 – Henry Chadwick, English-born American baseball writer (born 1824) April 22 Qasim Amin, Egyptian writer (born 1863) Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1836) April 26 – Karl Möbius, German ecologist (born 1825) May 2 – Prince Yamashina Kikumaro, Japanese prince (born 1873) May 17 – Carl Koldewey, German explorer (born 1837) May 23 – François Coppée, French poet, playwright and novelist (born 1842) May 24 – Old Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (born 1821) May 26 – Mirza Ghulam