disagreement and split among the settlers in Portsmouth Warwick established in 1642 by Samuel Gorton These four settlements merged into a single Royal colony in 1663 Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, and New Haven Colonies formed the New England Confederation in (1643–1654; 1675 – c. 1680) and all New England colonies were included in the Dominion of New England (1686–1689). Middle colonies Delaware Colony (before 1776, the Lower Counties on Delaware), established in 1664 as proprietary colony Province of New York, established as a proprietary colony in 1664; chartered as royal colony in 1686; included in the Dominion of New England (1686–1689) Province of New Jersey, established as a proprietary colony in 1664; chartered as a royal colony in 1702 East Jersey, established in 1674; merged with West Jersey to re-form Province of New Jersey in 1702; included in the Dominion of New England West Jersey, established in 1674; merged with East Jersey to re-form Province of New Jersey in 1702; included in the Dominion of New England Province of Pennsylvania, established in 1681 as a proprietary colony Southern colonies Colony of Virginia, established in 1607 as a proprietary colony; chartered as a royal colony in 1624. Province of Maryland, established 1632 as a proprietary colony. Province of North Carolina, previously part of the Carolina province (see below) until 1712; chartered as a royal colony in 1729. Province of South Carolina, previously part of the Carolina province (see below) until 1712; chartered as a royal colony in 1729. Province of Georgia, established as a proprietary colony in 1732; royal colony from 1752. The Province of Carolina was initially chartered in 1629 and initial settlements were established after 1651. That charter was voided in 1660 by Charles II and a new charter was issued in 1663, making it a proprietary colony. The Carolina province was divided into separate proprietary colonies, north and south in 1712. Earlier, along the coast, the Roanoke Colony was established in 1585, re-established in 1587, and found abandoned in 1590. 17th century Southern colonies The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607, near Chesapeake Bay. The business venture was financed and coordinated by the London Virginia Company, a joint-stock company looking for gold. Its first years were extremely difficult, with very high death rates from disease and starvation, wars with local Native Americans, and little gold. The colony survived and flourished by turning to tobacco