Events January–March January – Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. William I of Prussia becomes regent for his brother, Frederick William IV, who had suffered a stroke. January 9 British forces finally defeat Rajab Ali Khan of Chittagong Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide. January 14 – Orsini affair: Felice Orsini and his accomplices fail to assassinate Napoleon III in Paris, but their bombs kill eight and wound 142 people. Because of the involvement of French émigrés living in Britain, there is a brief anti-British feeling in France, but the emperor refuses to support it. January 25 – The Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn becomes a popular wedding recessional, after it is played on this day at the marriage of Queen Victoria's daughter Victoria, Princess Royal, to Prince Friedrich of Prussia in St James's Palace, London. February 11 – Lourdes apparitions: Peasant girl Bernadette Soubirous of Lourdes, fourteen, has a vision at the grotto of Massabielle, the first in a series of eighteen events which will come to be regarded as Marian apparitions. February 13 – Richard Francis Burton and John Hanning Speke become the first Europeans to discover Lake Tanganyika. March 13 – Felice Orsini is executed by guillotine, for the attempted assassination of Napoleon III of France. March 21 – Indian Rebellion: British troops retake Lucknow. March 30 – Hymen Lipman patents a pencil with an attached eraser in the United States. April–June April 16 – The Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, is wound up. April 19 – The United States signs a treaty with the Yankton Sioux Tribe. April 28–May 1 – Battle of Grahovac: The Ottomans are decisively defeated by Montenegrin forces. May–July – Mahtra War: Peasants in the Governorate of Estonia, Russian Empire revolt against ongoing serfdom, which was officially abolished in 1816. May (unknown date) – Japanese trading company, Itochu founded in Toyosato, Shiga Prefecture, Japan. May 11 – Minnesota is admitted as the 32nd U.S. state. May 13 – John Ruskin begins a tour of Europe; he considers it a significant turning point in his life. May 14 – Dr David Livingstone's 6-year Second Zambesi expedition arrives at the African coast. May 19 – The Marais des Cygnes massacre is perpetrated by pro-slavery forces, in Bleeding Kansas. June 2