instead given by the rules of quantum mechanical formalism). The derivation combines incompatible results only some of which could be factual for a given experiment and the rest counterfactual. See also Determinism Elitzur–Vaidman bomb-tester Interaction-free measurement Naive realism Quantum indeterminacy Renninger negative-result experiment Scientific realism Superdeterminism Wheeler's delayed choice experiment Counterfactual quantum computation References External links Quantum nonlocality without counterfactual definiteness? On Bell and CFD by W. M. de Muynck, W. De Baere, and H. Martens CFD by Brian Skyrms CFD by Stapp (1988) and 1990 https://web.archive.org/web/20070710011825/http://www.phys.tue.nl/ktn/Wim/i.pdf Nil Communication: How to Send a Message without Sending Anything at All (Roebke. Sci.Am June 2017) Quantum measurement