27 – Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian admiral (d. 1879) August 4 – John Venn, British mathematician (d. 1923) August 22 – Samuel Pierpont Langley, American astronomer, physicist, and aeronautics pioneer (d. 1906) August 31 – Amilcare Ponchielli, Italian composer (d. 1886) Heinrich von Treitschke (15 September 1834 – 28 April 1896) German historian, political writer, and National Liberal member of the Reichstag during the time of the German Empire. September 17 – Robert Simpson, Scottish-Canadian businessman (d. 1897) September 28 – William Montrose Graham Jr., American general (d. 1916) September 30 – Louis P. Mouillard, French artist, aviation pioneer (d. 1897) October 6 – Walter Kittredge, American composer (d. 1905) October 10 – Aleksis Kivi, Finnish national author (d. 1872) November 8 – Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner, German astrophysicist (d. 1882) November 13 – Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, Mexican writer (d. 1893) November 19 – Georg Hermann Quincke, German physicist (d. 1924) November 21 – Hetty Green, American businesswoman (d. 1916) November 28 – Sophronia Farrington Naylor Grubb, American activist (d. 1902) December 16 – Léon Walras, French economist (d. 1910) December 24 – Augustus George Vernon Harcourt, English chemist (d. 1919) Deaths January–June January 6 – Richard Martin, Irish founder of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (b. 1754) January 12 – William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759) January 17 – Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist (b. 1762) February 2 – Lorenzo Dow, American minister (b. 1777) February 4 – Amélie-Julie Candeille, French composer, librettist, writer, singer, actress, comedian, and instrumentalist (b. 1767) February 12 – Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologian and philosopher (b. 1768) February 18 – William Wirt, 9th United States Attorney General (b. 1772) February 23 – Karl Ludwig von Knebel, German poet (b. 1744) March 2 – José Cecilio del Valle, first President of Central America (b. 1780) March 30 – Rudolph Ackermann, Anglo-German entrepreneur (b. 1764) April 5 – Vice-Admiral Sir Richard Goodwin Keats, Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1757) April 10 – John 'Merino' MacArthur, Australian farmer (b. 1767) April 11 – John 'Mad Jack' Fuller, English philanthropist, patron of the arts and sciences (b. 1757) April 29 – Grigore IV Ghica, prince of Wallachia (b. 1755) May 9 – Turki bin Abdullah bin Muhammad, founder of the First Saudi State. May 20 – Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, French nobleman, soldier (b. 1757) May 31