are related either to the government or a political party. Historically they focused on defense, politics and policy. However, in recent years, think tanks that focus on international trade, economics, and social sciences have also been founded. Notable think tanks in Malaysia include: Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM) Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs (IDEAS) Institute for Pioneering of Education and Economic Excellence (INSPIRE) Maritime Institute of Malaysia (MIMA) Jauhar Academy of Social Sciences (JASS) Jeffrey Cheah Institute on Southeast Asia (JCI) Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology (MIGHT) Islamic Renaissance Front (IRF) Pakistan Pakistan's think tanks mainly revolve around social policy, internal politics, foreign security issues, and regional geo-politics. Most of these are centered on the capital, Islamabad. One such think tank is the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), which focuses on policy advocacy and research particularly in the area of environment and social development. Another policy research institute based in Islamabad is the Institute of Social and Policy Sciences (I-SAPS) which works in the fields of education, health, disaster risk reduction, governance, conflict and stabilization. Since 2007 - 2008, I-SAPS has been analyzing public expenditure of federal and provincial governments. Philippines Think tanks in the Philippines could be generally categorized in terms of their linkages with the national government. Several were set up by the Philippine government for the specific purpose of providing research input into the policy-making process. Sri Lanka Sri Lanka has a number of think tanks that are in the form of governmental, non-governmental and corporate organizations. The Lakshman Kadirgamar Institute of International Relations and Strategic Studies is a policy-studies institute that is often referred to as a think tank. LIRNEasia is a think tank working across the Asia-Pacific on regulatory and policy issues. Their main focus is the ICT sector, although they do work in other sectors, such as agriculture and health, which can benefit from ICT. Verité Research is an interdisciplinary think tank in Colombo. Singapore There are several think tanks in Singapore that advise the government on various policies and as well as private ones for corporations within the region. Many of them are hosted within the local public educational institutions. Among them are the Singapore Institute of International Affairs (SIIA), Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS), and the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. Taiwan In 2017 Taiwan had 58 think tanks. As in most countries there is a mix of