Events January–March January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust premieres in Braunschweig. February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. March 4 – Andrew Jackson is sworn in as the seventh President of the United States. March 11 – German composer Felix Mendelssohn conducts the first performance of Johann Sebastian Bach's St Matthew Passion since the latter's death in 1750, in Berlin; the success of this performance sparks a revival of interest in Bach. March 22 – Greece receives autonomy from the Ottoman Empire in the London Protocol, signed by Russia, France and Britain, effectively ending the Greek War of Independence. Greece continues to seek full independence through diplomatic negotiations with the three Great Powers. March 31 – Pope Pius VIII succeeds Pope Leo XII as the 253rd pope. April–June April–September– Felix Mendelssohn pays his first visit to Britain. This includes the first London performance of his concert overture to A Midsummer Night's Dream, and his trip to Fingal's Cave. April 1 – Vicente Guerrero becomes president of Mexico. April 4 – The Mexican city of Cuautla, Morelos, is founded. April 13 – The Catholic Relief Act is passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, granting a substantial measure of Catholic emancipation in Britain and Ireland. May 6 – The patent for an instrument called the accordion is applied for by Cyrill Demian (officially approved on May 23). May 15 – Joseph Smith claims to have received the Aaronic Priesthood from John the Baptist. June 1 – The Philadelphia Inquirer is founded, as The Pennsylvania Inquirer. June 3 – The Swan River Colony (later to become the cities of Perth and Fremantle) is founded in Western Australia. This secures the western third of the Australian landmass for the British. June 5 – Slave trade: captures the armed slave ship Voladora off the coast of Cuba. June 10 – The Oxford University Boat Club wins the first inter-university Boat Race, rowed at Henley-on-Thames. June 19 – Robert Peel establishes the Metropolitan Police Service in London, the first modern police force. The first officers, known by the nickname "bobbies", go on patrol on September 29. July–September July 2 – Russo-Turkish War (1828–29): Russian Field-Marshal Hans Karl von Diebitsch launches the Trans-Balkan Offensive, which brings the Russian army within of Istanbul. July 4 – George Shillibeer begins operating the