Events January January 7 – Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Irish Republic, ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64–57 votes. January 10 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éireann, the day after Éamon de Valera resigns. January 11 – The first successful insulin treatment of diabetes is made, by Frederick Banting in Toronto. January 15 – Michael Collins becomes Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State. January 26 – Italian forces occupy Misrata, Libya; the reconquest of Libya begins. February February 6 Pope Pius XI (Achille Ratti) succeeds Pope Benedict XV, to become the 259th pope. The Five Power Naval Disarmament Treaty is signed between the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, France and Italy. Japan returns some of its control over the Shandong Peninsula to China. February 8 President of the United States Warren G. Harding introduces the first radio in the White House. In the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Cheka becomes the Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie (GPU), a section of the NKVD. February 10–17 – Modern Art Week in São Paulo marks the start of Modernism in Brazil. February 14 Finnish Minister of the Interior Heikki Ritavuori is assassinated by Ernst Tandefelt. Baragoola, the last of the Binngarra class Manly ferries, is launched at Balmain, New South Wales. February 15 – The inaugural session of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) is held in The Hague. February 26 – Leser v. Garnett: The Supreme Court of the United States rebuffs a challenge to the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave women the right to vote on the same terms as men. February 28 – The Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence by the United Kingdom ends its protectorate over Egypt, and grants the country nominal independence, reserving control of military and diplomatic matters. March March 2 An ice mass breaks the Oder Dam in Breslau. The British Civil Aviation Authority is established. March 4 – The silent horror film Nosferatu is premièred at the Berlin Zoological Garden in Germany. March 10 – Mahatma Gandhi is arrested in Bombay for sedition. March 13 – Edward, Prince of Wales, inaugurates the Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College in Dehradun, India, marking a capitulation of the Governor General and Secretary of State for India to growing pressure for Indianization of the officer cadre of the Indian Army. March 15 – With Egypt