king of England. This is what most experts think of as the end of the Viking age. 1066: the Jewish vizier Joseph ibn Naghrela and many others are killed in the 1066 Granada massacre. 1068–1073: the reign of Japanese Emperor Go-Sanjō brings about a brief period where central power is taken out of the hands of the Fujiwara clan. 1068: Virarajendra Chola begins sending military raids into Malaysia and Indonesia. 1068: Seljuks destroyed Georgia for the second time 1069–1076: with the support of Emperor Shenzong of Song, Chancellor Wang Anshi of the Chinese Song dynasty introduces the 'New Policies', including the Baojia system of societal organization and militias, low-cost loans for farmers, taxes instead of corvée labor, government monopolies on tea, salt, and wine, reforming the land survey system, and eliminating the poetry requirement in the imperial examination system to gain bureaucrats of a more practical bent. 1070s 1070: the death of Athirajendra Chola and the ascension of Kulothunga Chola I marks the transition between the Medieval Cholas and the Chalukya Cholas. 1071: Defeat of the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Manzikert by the Seljuk army of Alp Arslan, ending three centuries of a Byzantine military and economic Golden Age. 1072: the Battle of Golpejera is fought between Sancho II of Castile and Alfonso VI of Castile 1073: the Seljuk Turks capture Ankara from the Byzantines. 1074: the Seljuk Turks capture Jerusalem from the Byzantines, and cut pilgrim transit. 1075: Henry IV suppresses the rebellion of Saxony in the First Battle of Langensalza. 1075: the Investiture Controversy is sparked when Pope Gregory VII asserted in the Dictatus papae extended rights granted to the pope (disturbing the balance of power) and a new interpretation of God's role in founding the Church itself. 1075: Chinese official and diplomat Shen Kuo asserts the Song dynasty's rightful border lines by using court archives against the bold bluff of Emperor Daozong of Liao, who had asserted that Liao dynasty territory exceeded its earlier-accepted bounds. 1075–1076: a civil war in the Western Chalukya Empire of India; the Western Chalukya monarch Someshvara II plans to defeat his own ambitious brother Vikramaditya VI by allying with a traditional enemy, Kulothunga Chola I of the Chola Empire; Someshvara's forces suffer a heavy defeat, and he is eventually captured and imprisoned by Vikramaditya, who proclaimed himself king. 1075–1077: the Song dynasty of China and the Lý dynasty of Vietnam