the Getae and east Thrace in his war against the Scythians. 512 BC: The Kingdom of Macedonia, under King Amyntas I, becomes a vassal state to the Achaemenid Empire. 510 BC: Hippias, son of Pisistratus and tyrant of Athens, is expelled by a popular revolt supported by Cleomenes I, King of Sparta and his forces. 510 BC: End of reign of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, last King of the traditional seven Kings of Rome. 510 BC: Establishment of the Roman Republic. 510 BC: Demaratus succeeds Ariston as King of Sparta (approximate date). 500s BC 13 September 509 BC: The Temple of Jupiter on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the Ides of September. 508 BC: Office of pontifex maximus created in Rome. 507 BC: Cleisthenes, Greek reformer, takes power and increases democracy. 506 BC: Battle of Boju: Forces of the Kingdom of Wu under Sun Tzu defeat the forces of Chu. 505 BC: First pair of Roman consuls elected. 4 December 502 BC: Solar eclipse darkens Egypt (computed, no clear historical record of observation). 502 BC: The Latin League defeats the Etruscans under Lars Porsena at Aricia. 502 BC: Naxos rebels against Persian domination sparking the Ionian Revolt. 501 BC: Cleisthenes reforms democracy in Athens. 501 BC: Naxos is attacked by the Persian Empire. 501 BC: In response to threats by the Sabines, Rome creates the office of dictator. 501 BC: Confucius is appointed governor of Chung tu. 501 BC: Gadir (present-day Cádiz) is captured by Carthage (approximate date). 500 BC: Bantu-speaking people migrate into south-west Uganda from the west (approximate date). 500 BC: Refugees from Teos resettle Abdera. 500 BC: Darius I of Persia proclaims that Aramaic be the official language of the western half of his empire. 500 BC: Signifies the end of the Nordic Bronze Age civilization in Oscar Montelius periodization system and begins the Pre-Roman Iron Age. 500 BC: Foundation of first republic in Vaishali Bihar India. 500 BC: Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere extensive trade network started between the Sa Huynh and the Philippines and later expanded to Taiwan, Southern Thailand, and northeastern Borneo. Inventions, discoveries, introductions The earliest operation for treating Lithiasis treatment is given in Sushruta Samhita(India). First archaeological surveys of the Arabian peninsula by Babylonian King Nabonidus Cataract surgery was known to Indian Physician Sushruta. Sunshu Ao (孫叔敖), China's first hydraulic engineer, creates an enormous artificial reservoir by damming a river for a massive