and created the Duchy of Warsaw. The War of the Fifth Coalition, fought in the year 1809, pitted a coalition of the Austrian Empire and the United Kingdom against the French Empire and Bavaria. Major engagements between France and Austria, the main participants, unfolded over much of Central Europe from April to July, with very high casualty rates. Britain, already involved on the European continent in the ongoing Peninsular War, sent another expedition, the Walcheren Campaign, to the Netherlands in order to relieve the Austrians, although this effort had little impact on the outcome of the conflict. After much campaigning in Bavaria and across the Danube valley, the war ended favorably for the French after the bloody struggle at Wagram in early July, resulting in the Treaty of Schönbrunn . Although fighting in the Iberian Peninsula continued, the War of the Fifth Coalition was the last major conflict on the European continent until the French invasion of Russia in 1812 sparked the Sixth Coalition. Other wars and political upheavals End of the White Lotus Rebellion (1796–1804), an uprising against the Qing Dynasty in China. Beginning of the Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. The First Barbary War (1801–1805) is fought between the United States and the Barbary States of North Africa. End of the Quasi-War (1800). The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805) is fought between the Maratha Peshwa on one side and minor chieftains of the Maratha Confederacy Sindhia, Bhonsle and Holkar on the other resulting in a crushing defeat of the rebel chieftains and the breakup of the Maratha confederacy. The Fulani War (1804–1810) is fought in present-day Nigeria and Cameroon. The First Serbian Uprising (1804−1813) marks the first time in 300 years Serbia perceives itself an independent state. Haiti gains independence from France on January 1, 1804. Irish Republican, orator, and rebel leader Robert Emmet leads a rebellion in Dublin, Ireland on 23 July 1803 but the rebellion is crushed and Emmet is captured and later executed on 20 September 1803. 1800s 1 Jan 1800 – 31 Dec 1809 The 1800s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1800, and ended on December 31, 1809. It was a decade of drastic change to the world. Slavery This decade marked the greatest increase of the Atlantic slave trade to the United States. During the period of 1798 and 1808, approximately 200,000 slaves