and Lord Balmerinoch, are beheaded in the Tower of London (Lord Lovat is executed in 1747). September 20 – Bonnie Prince Charlie flees to the Isle of Skye from Arisaig, after the unsuccessful Jacobite rising of 1745, marked by the Prince's Cairn on the banks of Loch nan Uamh. October–December October 11 – War of the Austrian Succession – Battle of Rocoux: The French army defeats the allied Austrian, British, Hanoveran and Dutch army in Rocourt. October 22 – The College of New Jersey is founded in Princetown, New Jersey. In 1896, it is renamed Princeton University. October 28 – An earthquake demolishes Lima and Callao, in Peru. November 4 – Anwaruddin Khan, the Nawab of the Arcot State in South India, is driven back by the Captain Louis Paradis of the French Army after he and 10,000 soldiers attempt to drive the French back out of Madras. December 5 – Rallied by a teenage boy, Giovanni Battista Perasso (nicknamed Balilla"), the citizens of the Republic of Genoa rise up against the Austrian occupying troops and the collaborator Military Governor, the Genoese Marquis of Botta d'Adorno. By December 11, the Austrian soldiers are driven from the Italian city-state, but return a few months later. Date unknown Eva Ekeblad reports her discovery, of how to make flour and alcohol from potatoes, to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The town of Vilkovo (Odes'ka oblast', Ukraine) is founded. Gabriel Johnston, British Governor of the Province of North Carolina, moves to New Bern, the province's largest. New Bern replaces Edenton as the capital of North Carolina until Raleigh is established in 1792. Charles Batteux's Les beaux-arts réduits à un même principe is published in Paris, putting forward for the first time the idea of "les beaux arts": "the fine arts". Births January 4 – Benjamin Rush, a Founding Father of the United States (d. 1813) January 12 – Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Swiss pedagogue (d. 1827) January 24 – King Gustav III of Sweden (d. 1792) February 4 – Tadeusz Kościuszko, Polish general and nationalist (d. 1817) February 5 – Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, American politician and soldier (d. 1825) March 3 – Izabela Czartoryska, Polish magnate princess (d. 1835) March 7 – André Michaux, French botanist (d. 1802) March 30 – Francisco Goya, Spanish painter (d. 1828) April 4 – John Andrews, American clergyman, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania (d. 1813) May 9