a Spaniard named Raphael Gaston, who called it a whip knot, and told her it was used in the mountains of Spain by muleteers and herdsmen." The Finnish name "" ("whip knot") was a translation from Esperanto, the language Ropponen used to correspond with Gaston. But even this explicit occurrence of the constrictor remains in doubt, as the name "whip knot" is not applied to the constrictor in other works, and otherwise is used for the strangle knot, tied in the ends of whip tails. Also in 1931 – and so of essentially same date as for Ropponen – James Drew presented the constrictor (as a strangle knot that can be tied in the bight) in Lester Griswold's Handicrafts book; but Drew did not show it in his on book of knots later published. (As Drew knew Clifford Ashley, it is suspected that he might have learned the knot from him; Ashley does praise Handicrafts in his Book of Knots.) Tying The method shown below is the most basic way to tie the knot around a post (that is, using a working end). Make a turn around the object and bring the working end back over the standing part. Continue around behind the object. Pass the working end over the standing part and then under the riding turn and standing part, forming an overhand knot under a riding turn. Be sure the ends emerge between the two turns as shown. Pull firmly on the ends to tighten. There are also at least three methods to tie the constrictor knot in the bight and slip it over the end of an object to be bound. Twisting method Using both hands when the end of the object to tie to is available: If one or both of the ends are folded in between the two loops and lead in the opposite direction, the knot becomes slipped. Folding method Using one hand when the end of the object to tie to is available: If the rope is to be stretched in tension, the grabbing at stage 2 may first tighten the top side rope, the bottom side rope may be pulled to tighten the knot itself, and the bottom rope side may be tightened by the knot at the next pole. If one or both of the ends are folded and led in the opposite direction before the last loop is folded over