Buenos Aires to demand Juan Perón's release. This is known to the Peronists as the Día de la lealtad (Loyalty Day) and considered the founding day of Peronism. October 18 – Isaías Medina Angarita, president of Venezuela, is overthrown by a military coup. October 19 – Members of the Indonesian People's Army attack Anglo-Dutch forces in Indonesia. October 20 – Mongolians vote for independence from China. October 21 – Women's suffrage: Women are allowed to vote in the French Legislative Election for the first time. October 22 – Rómulo Betancourt is named provisional president of Venezuela. October 24 The United Nations is founded by ratification of its Charter, by 29 nations. The International Court of Justice ("World Court") is established by the United Nations Charter. Norwegian Nazi leader Vidkun Quisling is executed by firing squad, for treason against Norway. October 25 WWII: Japanese armed forces in Taiwan surrender to the Allies. Getúlio Vargas is deposed as president in Brazil; José Linhares is named temporary president. Osijek prison massacre by Yugoslav secret police. October 27–November 20 – Indonesian National Revolution: Battle of Surabaya – Pro-independence Indonesian soldiers and militia fight British and British Indian troops in Surabaya. October 29 Getúlio Vargas resigns as president of Brazil. At Gimbels Department Store in New York City, the first ballpoint pens go on sale at $12.50 each. October 30 – The undivided country of India joins the United Nations. November November 1 International Labour Organization's new constitution comes into effect. Telechron introduces the model 8H59 Musalarm, the first clock radio. November 5 – Colombia joins the United Nations. November 6 – Indonesians reject an offer of autonomy from the Dutch. November 9 – Soo Bahk Do and Moo Duk Kwan martial arts are founded in Korea. November 10 – Indonesian National Revolution: Battle of Surabaya – Following the killing of British officer Brigadier A. W. S. Mallaby on October 30, the British Indian Army (in support of its allied Dutch colonial administration) begins an advance on Surabaya in the Dutch East Indies against Indonesian nationalists; although most of the city is retaken in 3 days of heavy fighting, the strength of the resistance leads to today being celebrated as Heroes' Day (Hari Pahlawan) in Indonesia. November 11 – 1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election: Marshal Josip Broz Tito and the People's Front win a decisive majority (90%) in the Yugoslavian Assembly. November 15 Harry S. Truman,