July–December July 26 – Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist (d. 1936) August 25 – Hugo von Pohl, German admiral (d. 1916) August 28 – Alexander Bethell, British admiral (d. 1932) August 31 – Vsevolod Rudnev, Russian admiral (d. 1913) September 5 – Henry Victor Deligny, French general (d. 1938) September 8 – Marieta de Veintemilla, Ecuadorian first lady, women's rights activist (d. 1907) September 9 – Houston Stewart Chamberlain, British-born German writer (d. 1927) September 15 – Orishatukeh Faduma, Guyana-born African-American Christian missionary, educator and advocate for African culture (d. 1946) September 17 – Effie Ellsler, American actress (d. 1942) September 25 – James P. Parker, United States Navy commodore (d. 1942) October 10 – Eduard von Capelle, German admiral (d. 1931) October 12 – Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (d. 1922) November 1 – Templin Potts, American naval officer; 11th Naval Governor of Guam (d. 1927) November 5 Léon Teisserenc de Bort, French meteorologist (d. 1913) Eugene V. Debs, American union leader (d. 1926) November 6 – E. S. Gosney, American philanthropist, eugenicist (d. 1942) November 8 – Nikolaos Triantafyllakos, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1939) December 16 – Alice Mary Dowd, American educator, poet (d. 1943) December 29 – William Thompson Sedgwick, American teacher, epidemiologist and bacteriologist (d. 1921) Date unknown Florence Huntley, American humorist and occult author (d. 1912) Flora Haines Loughead, American miner; mother of Allan Lockheed, founder of Lockheed aerospace company (d. 1943) Katharine A. O'Keeffe O'Mahoney, Irish-born American teacher of poetry to Robert Frost (d. 1918) Deaths January–June January 6 – Giacomo Beltrami, Italian explorer (b. 1779) January 8 – Diponegoro, Leader of Javanese Rebellion (b. 1785) January 10 – Mary Russell Mitford, English novelist, dramatist (b. 1787) January 15 – Henri Braconnot, French chemist, pharmacist (b. 1780) January 17 – Shūsaku Narimasa Chiba, Japanese swordsman (b. 1792) January 26 – Gérard de Nerval, French writer (b. 1808) February 6 – Josef Munzinger, Member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1791) February 23 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (b. 1777) March 2 – Emperor Nicholas I of Russia (b. 1796) March 6– Bandō Shūka I, Japanese Kabuki actor (b. 1813) March 8 – William Poole, infamous member of New York City's Bowery Boys Gang (b. 1821) March 29 – Henri Druey, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1799) March 31 – Charlotte Brontë, English author (b. 1816) May 5 – Sir