February 26 – Levi Strauss, American clothing designer (d. 1902) March 2 – Carl Schurz, German revolutionary, American statesman (d. 1906) March 14 – Pierre-Hector Coullié, Cardinal-Archbishop of Lyon (d. 1912) March 16 – George M. Robeson, American politician (d. 1897) March 19 – Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier, industrialist (d. 1901) April 10 – William Booth, British founder of The Salvation Army (d. 1912) May 8 – Louis Moreau Gottschalk, American composer, pianist (d. 1869) June 4 – Allan Octavian Hume, British civil servant (d. 1912) June 5 – George Stephen, 1st Baron Mount Stephen, Scottish-Canadian businessman, philanthropist (d. 1921) June 6 – Shusaku Honinbo, Japanese Go player (d. 1862) June 8 – Sir John Everett Millais, British Pre-Raphaelite painter (d. 1896) June 14 – Bernard Petitjean, French Catholic missionary to Japan (d. 1884) June 16 – Geronimo, indigenous American (Apache) leader (d. 1909) July–December July 2 – Martis Karin Ersdotter, Swedish businesswoman (died 1902) July 14 – Edward White Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1896) July 26 – Auguste Beernaert, Belgian statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1912) August 24 – Emanuella Carlbeck, Swedish social reformer (d. 1901) September 3 – Adolf Eugen Fick, German-born physician, physiologist (d. 1901) September 7 – August Kekulé, German chemist (d. 1896) September 12 – Anselm Feuerbach, German painter (d. 1880) October 1 – Sidney Hill, English philanthropist (d. 1908) October 5 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (d. 1886) October 13 – Jules Pellechet, French architect (d. 1903) October 15 – Asaph Hall, American astronomer (d. 1907) November 9 – Sir Peter Lumsden, British general in the Indian army (d. 1918) November 10 - Newton Knight, American farmer, soldier and Southern Unionist in Mississippi and Civil War guerrilla (d. 1922) November 28 – Anton Rubinstein, Russian pianist, composer (d. 1894) date unknown – Anna Haslam, Irish women's rights activist, suffragist (d. 1922) Deaths January–June January 6 – Amalia Holst, German writer, intellectual, and feminist (b. 1758) January 12 – Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel, German poet, philosopher, and philologist (b. 1772) January 25 – William Shield, English violinist, composer (b. 1748) January 29 Paul Barras, French politician (b. 1755) István Pauli (Pável) Hungarian Slovene priest, writer (b. 1760) February 10 – Pope Leo XII (b. 1760) February 11 – Alexander Griboyedov, Russian playwright, diplomat (b. 1795) February 17 – Michel Ange Bernard Mangourit, French diplomat (b.