The leaders of Canada, the United States, and 32 European states meet in Paris to formally mark the end of the Cold War. November 20 – Andrei Chikatilo, one of the Soviet Union's most prolific serial killers, is arrested in Novocherkassk. November 21 Charter of Paris for a New Europe signed. Agreement for decriminalization of homosexual acts between consenting adults in Queensland, Australia. The Super Nintendo Entertainment System was released in Japan. November 22 – Margaret Thatcher announces she will not contest the second ballot of the leadership election for the Conservative Party. November 25 – Lech Wałęsa and Stanisław Tymiński win the first round of the first Polish presidential election. November 27 – Women's suffrage is introduced in the last Swiss half-canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden. November 28 Prime Minister of Singapore Lee Kuan Yew resigns and is replaced by Goh Chok Tong. The first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Margaret Thatcher, resigns after 11 years and is replaced by John Major. November 29 Gulf War: The United Nations Security Council passes UN Security Council Resolution 678, authorizing military intervention in Iraq if that state does not withdraw its forces from Kuwait and free all foreign hostages by Tuesday, January 15, 1991. Prime Minister of Bulgaria Andrey Lukanov and his government of former communists resign under pressure from strikes and street protests. December December 1 Channel Tunnel workers from the United Kingdom and France meet 40 metres beneath the English Channel seabed, establishing the first land connection between Great Britain and the mainland of Europe for around 8,000 years. President of Chad Hissène Habré is deposed by the Patriotic Salvation Movement and replaced as president by its leader Idriss Déby. December 2 – The German federal election (the first election held since German reunification) is won by Helmut Kohl, who becomes Chancellor of Germany. December 3 1990 Wayne County Airport runway collision: At Detroit Metropolitan Airport, Northwest Airlines Flight 1482 (a McDonnell Douglas DC-9) collides with Northwest Airlines Flight 299 (a Boeing 727) on the runway, killing 8 passengers and 4 crew members. Mary Robinson begins her term as President of Ireland, becoming the first female to hold this office. December 6 Saddam Hussein releases a group of Western hostages he captured. President Hussain Muhammad Ershad of Bangladesh is forced to resign following massive protests; he is replaced by Shahabuddin Ahmed, who becomes interim president. December 7 In