compact Ford Mustang, launched in 1964, was one of the decade's greatest successes. The "Big Three" American automakers enjoyed their highest ever sales and profitability in the 1960s, but the demise of Studebaker in 1966 left American Motors Corporation as the last significant independent. The decade would see the car market split into different size classes for the first time, and model lineups now included compact and mid-sized cars in addition to full-sized ones. The popular modern hatchback, with front-wheel-drive and a two-box configuration, was born in 1965 with the introduction of the Renault 16, many of this car's design principles live on in its modern counterparts: a large rear opening incorporating the rear window, foldable rear seats to extend boot space. The Mini, released in 1959, had first popularised the front wheel drive two-box configuration, but technically was not a hatchback as it had a fold-down bootlid. Japanese cars also began to gain acceptance in the Western market, and popular economy models such as the Toyota Corolla, Datsun 510, and the first popular Japanese sports car, the Datsun 240Z, were released in the mid- to late-1960s. Electronics and communications 1960 – The first working laser was demonstrated in May by Theodore Maiman at Hughes Research Laboratories. 1960 – Tony Hoare announces the Quicksort algorithm, the most common sorter on computers. 1961 – Unimate, the first industrial robot, was introduced. 1962 – First transatlantic satellite broadcast via the Telstar satellite. 1962 – The first computer video game, Spacewar!, was invented. 1962 – Red LEDs were developed. 1963 – The first geosynchronous communications satellite, Syncom 2, is launched. 1963 – First transpacific satellite broadcast via the Relay 1 satellite. 1963 – Touch-Tone telephones introduced. 1963 – Sketchpad was the first touch interactive computer graphics program. 1963 – The Nottingham Electronic Valve company produced the first home video recorder called the "Telcan". 1964 – 8-track tape audio format was developed. 1964 – The Compact Cassette was introduced. 1964 – The first successful Minicomputer, Digital Equipment Corporation's 12-bit PDP-8, was marketed. 1964 – The programming language BASIC was created. 1964 – The world's first supercomputer, the CDC 6600, was introduced. 1964 – Fairchild Semiconductor released ICs with dual in-line packaging. 1967 – PAL and SECAM broadcast color television systems started publicly transmitting in Europe. 1967 – The first Automatic Teller Machine was opened in Barclays Bank, London. 1968 – Ralph Baer developed his