at the site of the future (1862) Flushing Town Hall in New York. Date unknown The Accademia del Cimento is founded in Florence, Italy. England's first chocolate house is opened in London and introduction of tea in England while coffee is introduced to France. Christiaan Huygens writes the first book to be published on probability theory, De ratiociniis in ludo aleae ("On Reasoning in Games of Chance"). Andreas Gryphius' drama, Katharina von Georgien, is published. Thomas Middleton's tragedy, Women Beware Women, is published posthumously. Births January 1 – Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth, illegitimate son of King Charles II (d. 1680) January 4 – Sébastien Rale, French missionary (d. 1724) January 6 – William Bowes, English politician (d. 1707) January 11 – Elizabeth van der Woude, Dutch writer (d. 1694) January 17 – Pieter van Bloemen, Flemish painter (d. 1720) January 18 – Henry Casimir II, Prince of Nassau-Dietz, Stadholder of Friesland and Groningen (d. 1696) January 21 – Francesco Cupani, Italian naturalist (d. 1710) January 26 – William Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1737) January 29 – Francis Moore, British physician and astrologer (d. 1715) February 10 – George Carpenter, 1st Baron Carpenter, British Army general (d. 1731) February 11 – Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle, French scientist and man of letters (d. 1757) February 21 – Blaise Gisbert, French Jesuit rhetorician and critic (d. 1731) February 24 – Clopton Havers, English physician (d. 1702) February 25 – Agathe de Saint-Père, French-Canadian business entrepreneur and inventor (d. 1748) March 1 – Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian (d. 1740) March 6 – Auguste Magdalene of Hessen-Darmstadt, German noblewoman and poet (d. 1674) March 18 – Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni, Italian composer (d. 1743) March 19 – Jean Leclerc (theologian), Swiss theologian and biblical scholar (d. 1736) March 20 – Luigi Omodei (1607–1685), Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1706) March 24 – Arai Hakuseki, Japanese politician and writer (d. 1725) April 16 – Thomas Fairfax, 5th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English politician (d. 1710) April 16 – Otto Friedrich von der Groeben, Prussian traveller, soldier and author (d. 1728) May 8 – Martino Altomonte, Italian painter (d. 1745) May 14 – Sambhaji, Maratha ruler (d. 1689) May 25 – Henri-Pons de Thiard de Bissy, French Catholic priest, bishop and cardinal (d. 1737) June 10 – James Craggs the Elder, English politician (d. 1721) June 14 – Sir William Blackett, 1st Baronet, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne,