– Madam C. J. Walker, first African-American millionaire (d. 1919) December 23 – Clotilde Apponyi, Hungarian women's rights activist, diplomat (d. 1942) December 26 – Yordan Milanov, Bulgarian architect (d. 1932) Date unknown Lilian Bell, American novelist and travel writer (d. 1929) Habib Pacha Es-Saad, 3rd Prime Minister and 2nd President of Lebanon (d. 1942) Florence Fuller, South African-born Australian artist (d. 1946) Zhang Haipeng, Chinese and Manchukuoan general (d. 1949) Abdul Awwal Jaunpuri, Indian Islamic scholar and author (d. 1921) Elena Meissner, Romanian women's rights activist (d. 1940) Deaths January–June January 14 – Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, French painter (b. 1780) January 30 – Emperor Kōmei, 121st Emperor of Japan (b. 1831) March 6 – Artemus Ward, American humorist (b. 1834) (tuberculosis) March 25 – Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge, German chemist (b. 1795) April 1 – Louis du Couret, French explorer, writer and military officer (b. 1812) April 12 – David Canabarro, Brazilian general, Gaúcho revolutionary (b. 1796) April 18 – Robert Smirke, British architect (b. 1780) April 27 – Benjamin Hall, 1st Baron Llanover, after whom Big Ben may be named (b. 1802) May 12 – Friedrich Wilhelm Eduard Gerhard, German archaeologist (b. 1795) May 23 – William Crawshay II, Welsh industrialist (b. 1788) May 29 – Margaretta Morris, American entomologist (b. 1797) June 19 – Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico (executed) (b. 1832) July–December July – Thomas Baker, Methodist missionary to Fiji (b. 1832) July 1 – Thomas Francis Meagher, American Civil War general (b. 1823) July 26 – King Otto of Greece (b. 1815) July 31 Benoît Fourneyron, French engineer, inventor of the turbine (b. 1802) Catharine Maria Sedgwick, American "domestic fiction" novelist (b. 1789) August 3 – August Böckh, German scholar and antiquarian (b. 1785) August 6 – David R. Porter, American politician (b. 1788) August 8 – Maria Theresa of Austria, second Queen consort of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies (b. 1816) August 21 – Juan Álvarez, interim president of Mexico in 1855 (b. 1790) August 25 – Michael Faraday, English chemist, physicist (b. 1791) August 31 – Charles Baudelaire, French writer (b. 1821) September 10 – Simon Sechter, Austrian music teacher (b. 1788) September 26 – James Ferguson, Scotland-born American astronomer (b. 1797) October 9 – Ignacy Feliks Dobrzyński, Polish composer (b. 1807) October 11 – Gunatitanand Swami, Indian paramahamsa of the Hindu Swaminarayan Sampraday sect (b. 1785) October 23 – Franz Bopp, German linguist