14 between Bulgarians under Tsar Kaloyan of Bulgaria, and Crusaders under Baldwin I, (July 1172 – 1205), the first emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople. 1206: Genghis Khan is declared Great Khan of the Mongols. 1206: The Delhi Sultanate is established in Northern India under the Mamluk Dynasty. 1209: Francis of Assisi founds the Franciscan Order. 1209: The Albigensian Crusade is declared by Pope Innocent III. 1210s 1212: The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in Iberia marks the beginning of a rapid Christian reconquest of the southern half of the Iberian peninsula, mainly from 1230–1248, with the defeat of Moorish forces. 1213: The Kingdom of France defeats the Crown of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. 1214: France defeats the English and Imperial German forces at the Battle of Bouvines. 1215: King John signs Magna Carta at Runnymede. 1216: Battle of Lipitsa between Russian principalities. 1216: Maravarman Sundara I reestablishes the Pandya Dynasty in Southern India 1217–1221: Fifth Crusade captures Egyptian Ayyubid port city of Damietta; ultimately the Crusaders withdraw. 1220s C. 1220: The Kingdom of Mapungubwe dissolves 1220: The Kingdom of Zimbabwe begins 1221: Venice signs a trade treaty with the Mongol Empire. 1221: Merv, Herat and Nishapur are destroyed in the Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire. 1222: Andrew II of Hungary signs the Golden Bull which affirms the privileges of Hungarian nobility. 1223: The Signoria, of the Republic of Venice is formed and consists of the Doge, the Minor Council, and the three leaders of the Quarantia. 1223: The Mongol Empire defeats various Russian principalities at the Battle of the Kalka River. 1223: Volga Bulgaria defeats the army of the Mongol Empire at the Battle of Samara Bend. 1227: Estonians are finally subjugated to German crusader rule during the Livonian Crusade. 1227: Genghis Khan dies. 1228–1229: Sixth Crusade under the excommunicated Frederick II Hohenstaufen, who returns Jerusalem to the Crusader States. 1228–1230: First clash between Gregory IX and Frederick II. 1226–1250: Dispute between the so-called second Lombard League and Frederick II. 1230s 1232: The Mongols besiege Kaifeng, the capital of the Jin dynasty, capturing it in the following year. 1233: Battle of Ganter, Ken Arok defeated Kertajaya, the last king of Kediri, thus established Singhasari kingdom Ken Arok ended the reign of Isyana Dynasty and started his own Rajasa dynasty. 1235: The Mandinka tribes unite to form the Mali Empire which leads to the downfall