the English knights led by Aymer de Valence is halted by Robert's spearmen militia, who effectively slaughtered them as they are on marshy ground. Aymer manages to escape the carnage and flees to the safety of Bothwell Castle. The battle marks the turning point in Robert's struggle to reclaim the independence of Scotland. July 7 – King Edward I (Longshanks) dies at Burgh by Sands after a 34-year reign. He is succeeded by his son 23-year-old Edward II, who becomes new ruler of England. After his death Edward's body is embalmed and transported to Waltham Abbey in Essex. Here it lay unburied for several weeks so that people can come and see the body lying in state. After this, Edward is taken to Westminster Abbey for a proper burial on October 28. July 20 – Edward II travels from London, after he is proclaimed king and continues north into Scotland, where he receives homage from his Scottish supporters at Dumfries, before abandoning the campaign and returning home on August 4. Meanwhile, Edward recalls his friend and favourite, Piers Gaveston, who is in exile, and makes him Earl of Cornwall, before arranging his marriage to the wealthy 13-year-old Margaret de Clare. Asia Duwa Khan, Mongol ruler of the Chagatai Khanate, dies after a 25-year reign and is succeeded by his son Könchek (until 1308). By topic Cities and Towns The village of Heerle in North Brabant is proclaimed an independent parish (modern Netherlands). Folklore November 18 – William Tell, Swiss mountain climber and marksman, shoots (according to legend) an apple off his son's head with a crossbow at Altdorf, Switzerland. Births unknown dates Alessandra Giliani, Italian female anatomist and scientist (d. 1326) William II (or IV), Count of Hainaut, Dutch nobleman (House of Avesnes) (d. 1345) Deaths January 13 – Wareru, founder of the Martaban Kingdom (b. 1253) February 10 – Temür Khan (or Chengzong), Mongol emperor February 17 Alexander de Brus (or Bruse), Scottish nobleman (b. 1285) Reginald Crawford, Scottish nobleman, knight and sheriff Thomas de Brus (or Bruse), Scottish nobleman (b. 1284) April 23 – Joan of Acre (or Johanna), English princess (b. 1272) May 13 – Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr, Marinid ruler of Morocco July 4 – Rudolf I, German nobleman, knight and king (b. 1282) July 7 – Edward I (Longshanks), king of England (b. 1239) September 21 – Thomas Bitton (or Bytton), English bishop His brother