by the French under Marshal Soult. Thousands of fleeing civilians drown when a pontoon bridge collapses. Battle of Medellín at Extremadura: Massive Spanish casualties are suffered, in a rout by French cavalry, under Marshal Victor. April–June April 9 – Tiroleans rise, under the command of Andreas Hofer, against French and Bavarian occupation. April 10 – Napoleonic Wars – The War of the Fifth Coalition begins when forces of the Austrian Empire invade Bavaria. April 11–15 – Napoleonic Wars – Battle of the Basque Roads: The British Royal Navy defeats the French fleet in the mouth of the Charente, although officers on both sides face subsequent courts-martial. April 14 – Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria: Napoleon defeats Austria. April 18 – The 2,000 Guineas Stakes horse race is first run in England. April 19 – War of the Fifth Coalition – Battle of Raszyn: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the Duchy of Warsaw. Battle of Teugen-Hausen: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the French and their Bavarian allies. April 22 – Battle of Eckmühl: French troops under Napoleon I and Marshal Davout defeat the Austrians, under Archduke Charles. May 3 - the Battle of Nimla occurs, which allows Mahmud Shah Durrani to seize the Durrani throne from his brother, Shah Shuja Durrani. May 5 Mary Kies is the first American woman to be awarded a patent (for a technique of weaving straw hats with silk and thread). The Swiss canton of Aargau declares Jews citizens. May 10 – Gustav IV Adolf is officially deposed from the Swedish throne, by the Riksdag of the Estates. May 10–11 – Peninsular War – Battle of Grijó: the Anglo-Portuguese Army, commanded by Sir Arthur Wellesley, defeats the French army, commanded by Marshal Soult, in Portugal. May 12 – Peninsular War – Second Battle of Porto: The Anglo-Portuguese Army, commanded by Wellesley, drives the French army, commanded by Marshal Soult, out of Porto, and forces them to retreat from the country. May 17 – Napoleon I of France orders the annexation of the Papal States to the French Empire. When he announces that the Pope's secular power has ended, the Pope excommunicates him. May 21 – Battle of Aspern-Essling: Austrian troops under Archduke Karl beat the French under Napoleon, in a hard-fought battle. May 24 – Dartmoor Prison opens in England, to house French prisoners of war. May 31 –