Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada, to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles. May 6 – Realizing that his people are weakened by cold and hunger, Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Sioux surrenders to United States troops in Nebraska. May 8–11 – At Gilmore's Gardens in New York City, the first Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is held. May 9 – Iquique Earthquake and tsunami: An earthquake of at least magnitude 8.5 Ms occurs on the west coast of South America, killing 2,541 around the Pacific Rim. May 16 – The 16 May 1877 crisis occurs in France. May 21 (May 9 O.S.) – By a speech in the Parliament of Romania by Mihail Kogălniceanu, the country declares itself independent from the Ottoman Empire (recognized in 1878 after the end of the Romanian independence war). June 15 – Henry Ossian Flipper becomes the first African American cadet to graduate from the United States Military Academy. June 17 – American Indian Wars – Battle of White Bird Canyon: The Nez Perce defeat the U.S. Cavalry at White Bird Canyon, in the Idaho Territory. This begins the Nez Perce War. June 20 – Alexander Graham Bell installs the world's first commercial telephone service in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. June 21 – The Molly Maguires are hanged at Carbon County Prison, in Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania. June 26 – The eruption of the volcano Cotopaxi in Ecuador causes severe mudflows that wipe out surrounding cities and valleys, killing 1,000. June 30 – The British Mediterranean fleet is sent to Besika Bay. July–September July – The serial publication of Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina is concluded, in The Russian Messenger. July 1 – An F4 tornado touched down near Gap, Pennsylvania, and moved towards Chester County. A woman was killed near Ercildoun; a man was killed near Parkesburg. 4 homes were destroyed at Parkesburg and 20 buildings were destroyed at Ercildoun. 10 homes or more were leveled in Chester County. It is possible a third person died. July 9 – The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club begins its first lawn tennis tournament at Wimbledon. July 16 – Great Railroad Strike of 1877: Riots by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad railroad workers in Baltimore lead to a sympathy strike and rioting in Pittsburgh, and a full-scale worker's rebellion in St. Louis, briefly establishing a Communist government, before U.S.