of levels or a number of bits, for example 8 bits or 256 levels that is typical of computer image files. The higher the radiometric resolution, the better subtle differences of intensity or reflectivity can be represented, at least in theory. In practice, the effective radiometric resolution is typically limited by the noise level, rather than by the number of bits of representation. Resolution in various media This is a list of traditional, analogue horizontal resolutions for various media. The list only includes popular formats, not rare formats, and all values are approximate, because the actual quality can vary machine-to-machine or tape-to-tape. For ease-of-comparison, all values are for the NTSC system. (For PAL systems, replace 480 with 576.) Analog formats usually had less chroma resolution. Analogue and early digital Many cameras and displays offset the color components relative to each other or mix up temporal with spatial resolution: Narrowscreen 4:3 computer display resolutions 320×200: MCGA 320×240: QVGA 640×480: VGA 800×600: Super VGA 1024×768: XGA / EVGA 1600x1200: UXGA Analog 320×200: CRT monitors 352×240: Video CD 333×480: VHS, Video8, Umatic 350×480: Betamax 420×480: Super Betamax, Betacam 460×480: Betacam SP, Umatic SP, NTSC (Over-The-Air TV) 580×480: Super VHS, Hi8, LaserDisc 700×480: Enhanced Definition Betamax, Analog broadcast limit (NTSC) 768×576: Analog broadcast limit (PAL, SECAM) Digital 500×480: Digital8 720×480: D-VHS, DVD, miniDV, Digital Betacam (NTSC) 720×480: Widescreen DVD (anamorphic) (NTSC) 854×480: EDTV (Enhanced Definition Television) 720×576: D-VHS, DVD, miniDV, Digital8, Digital Betacam (PAL/SECAM) 720×576: Widescreen DVD (anamorphic) (PAL/SECAM) 1280×720: D-VHS, HD DVD, Blu-ray, HDV (miniDV) 1440×1080: HDV (miniDV) 1920×1080: HDV (miniDV), AVCHD, HD DVD, Blu-ray, HDCAM SR 1998×1080: 2K Flat (1.85:1) 2048×1080: 2K Digital Cinema 3840×2160: 4K UHDTV, Ultra HD Blu-ray 4096×2160: 4K Digital Cinema 7680×4320: 8K UHDTV 15360×8640: 16K Digital Cinema 61440×34560: 64K Digital Cinema Sequences from newer films are scanned at 2,000, 4,000, or even 8,000 columns, called 2K, 4K, and 8K, for quality visual-effects editing on computers. IMAX, including IMAX HD and OMNIMAX: approximately 10,000×7,000 (7,000 lines) resolution. It is about 70 MP, which is currently highest-resolution single-sensor digital cinema camera (as of January 2012). Film 35 mm film is scanned for release on DVD at 1080 or 2000 lines as of 2005. The actual resolution of 35 mm original camera negatives is the subject of much debate. Measured resolutions of negative film have ranged from 25–200 LP/mm, which equates to a range of 325 lines for 2-perf, to (theoretically)