Communications. All except for South Australian Department of Planning Transport and Infrastructure (Adelaide) re-licensed 2 x 5 MHz of 1800 MHz spectrum at commercial rates set by Australian Government. Technical frequency usage in GSM-R The used modulation is GMSK modulation (Gaussian Minimum-Shift Keying). GSM-R is a TDMA ("Time-Division Multiple Access") system. Data transmission is made of periodical TDMA frames (with a period of 4.615 ms), for each carrier frequency (physical channel). Each TDMA frame is divided in 8 time slots, named logical channels (577 µs long, each time-slot), carrying 148 bits of information. There are worries that LTE mobile communication will disturb GSM-R, since it has been given a frequency band rather close to GSM-R. This could cause ETCS disturbances, random emergency braking because of lost communications etc. As a result, there is an increasing trend towards monitoring and managing GSM-R interference using active and automated testing on board trains and trackside. Current GSM-R version The GSM-R standard specification is divided in two EIRENE specifications: Functional Requirement Specification (FRS): the definition of higher lever functional requirements System Requirement Specification (SRS): the definition of the technical solutions supporting the functional requirements EIRENE defines the "Technical Specification for Interoperability" (TSI) as the set of mandatory specifications to be fulfilled to keep compatibility with other European networks; current TSI are FRS 7 and SRS 15. EIRENE also defines non-mandatory specifications, that are called "Interim version", which defines extra features that are likely to become mandatory in the next TSIs. The current versions are 21 December 2015 versions FRS 8.0.0 and SRS 16.0.0 The GSM-R specifications are fairly stable; the latest mandatory upgrade was in 2006. The complete timeline of GSM-R versions is: December 2000: FRS 5/SRS 13, first version to be widely installed October 2003: FRS 6/SRS 14 May 2006: FRS 7/SRS 15, current TSI June 2010: FRS7.1/SRS 15.1, current Interim version; the main added features over TSI are shunting radio and ETCS data only radio The current version of GSM-R can run on both R99 and R4 3GPP networks. GSM-R uses GSM-R permits new services and applications for mobile communications in several domains : transmission of Long Line Public Address (LLPA) announcements to remote stations down the line control and protection (Automatic Train Control/ETCS) and ERTMS communication between train driver and regulation center communication of on-board working people information sending for ETCS communication between train stations, classification yard and rail tracks Main