of ergative-absolutive languages. Like Nez Percé, the use of both the passive and antipassive is a trait of a tripartite language. Distribution of tripartite alignments Full tripartite alignments Mixed systems See also Ergative–absolutive language Nominative–accusative language Split ergativity References Bibliography Blake, Barry J. (2001). Case. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Nicole Kruspe, 2004. A Grammar of Semelai. Cambridge University Press. Nez Perce Verb Morphology Noel Rude, 1988. Ergative, passive, and antipassive in Nez Perce. In Passive and Voice, ed. M. Shibatani, 547-560. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Linguistic typology Transitivity and valency