2014-2016 that 40% of journalists involved in the survey experienced some kind of unwarranted interference, in particular psychological violence, including slandering and smear campaigning, cyberbulling. Other forms of unwarranted interference include intimidation by interest groups, threats with force, intimidation by political groups, targeted surveillance, intimidation by the police, etc. In terms of geography, cases of physical assault were more common in the South Caucasus, followed by Turkey, but were present in other regions as well. Indonesia In the early 2010s, self-censorship was studied in the context of professional practice of many Indonesian newspaper journalists. Israel Self-censorship was found in Israeli media during the Second Lebanon War. It has also been found to affect a number of debates related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Pakistan Self-censorship practices have been studied in the context of the Pakistani media in 2000s. Russia Self-censorship existed in Russia for a long time. After a brief relaxation following the fall of communism in the 1990s, self-censorship once again became a quite frequent practice in Russia after 2000's government take-overs and consolidation of media, further deepened after 2014-2015 laws on 'undesirable organisations'. Turkey Self-censorship has increased in Turkey as press freedoms declined under the Justice and Development Party (APK) government in the late 2000s. Affected areas include among others the discussion of the Armenian genocide. United States According to AmeriSpeak survey, 40% of Americans did not feel free to speak their mind in 2019. About 60% of college students reported that they did not feel comfortable expressing their views of campus. See also Bradley effect Chinese censorship abroad Euphemism Hawthorne effect Information hazard List of songs deemed inappropriate by Clear Channel following the September 11, 2001 attacks Media bias Newspeak OB marker Overton window Opinion corridor Preference falsification Political correctness Social-desirability bias Thought suppression References External links Conformity Political correctness