could be achieved through having a healthy mind and body. In the 1930s, Yun decided to enter the independence movement in earnest and moved to Manchuria. At first, he tried to become an independent army, but at that time, Manchuria's independence forces were divided into several branches and suffered a period of stagnation. In response, Yun went to Shanghai, where the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea is located. China After being briefly arrested and sent to prison, Yun fled to Manchuria. In a letter he left behind he wrote: "I will not return home alive with the belief that I must die for my country and do something big". In China he met fellow activists Kim Tae-sik and Han Il-jin from the Korean independence movement. Yun headed for Shanghai, judging that he would be able to push for a successful independence movement only if he went directly to the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. He travelled alone through Dalian, south of the Liaodong Peninsula, to Qingdao, Shandong Province where he worked at a factory run by Park Jin, a Korean businessman, to save money. In August 1931, he finally arrived in Shanghai and stayed at the home of An Jung-geun in the French quarter. Yun also studied English at the Shanghai English School. He visited Kim Gu, the leader of Korea's government-in-exile pledging to work for the independence of Korea. Hongkew Park Bombing On 29 April 1932, Yun took a bomb disguised as a water bottle to a celebration arranged by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) in honor of Emperor Hirohito's birthday at Hongkew Park, Shanghai (one contemporary news report states Yun threw a hand grenade but they also say he was killed at the scene). The bomb killed the government minister for Japanese residents in Shanghai, , and mortally wounded General Yoshinori Shirakawa, who died of his injuries on 26 May 1932. Among the seriously injured were Lieutenant General Kenkichi Ueda, the commander of the 9th Division of the Imperial Japanese Army, and Mamoru Shigemitsu, Japanese Envoy in Shanghai, who each lost a leg, and IJN Admiral Kichisaburō Nomura who lost an eye. The Japanese Consul-General in Shanghai, , was seriously injured in the head and body. Yun then tried to kill himself by detonating a second bomb disguised in a bento box. It did not explode and he was arrested at the scene. The