Ian Gordon Campbell (born 22 May 1959) is a former Australian politician who served as a Senator for Western Australia from 1990 to 2007, representing the Liberal Party. He was a minister in the Howard Government from 2003 to 2007. Early life Campbell was born in Perth, Western Australia and lived for a time in Brisbane where he attended Brisbane Grammar School. He was a commercial and industrial property consultant and company director before entering politics. Politics Campbell was chosen by the parliament of Western Australia on 16 May 1990 to replace retiring Senator Fred Chaney. He was elected in his own right in 1993, 1998 and 2004. He was a member of the Opposition Shadow Ministry 1994–96. In government, he served in numerous roles: Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for the Environment (1996); Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Sport, Territories and Local Government (1996); Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Government in the Senate (1996); Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer (1996–98); Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Communications, Information Technology and the Arts (1998–2001); and Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer (2001–03). He was responsible for overseeing the federal government's preparations for the Y2K bug. He was involved in presenting the bill that became the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. Campbell also later served as Minister for Local Government, Territories and Roads (2003–04), Minister for the Environment and Heritage (2004–07), and Minister for Human Services (2007). Minister for the Environment and Heritage (2004–07) In July 2004, a pre-election reshuffle saw Campbell become Minister for the Environment and Heritage. In this role, he acknowledged the need for action on climate change but argued that it was important to consider environmental issues in an economic context. Amid growing community concern over the issue, he also argued for a "post-Kyoto arrangement that is effective" and a "portfolio approach" to the issue, rejecting the notion of "silver bullet" solutions. Campbell was a vigorous critic of whaling. Through the International Whaling Commission, he actively campaigned against commercial and "scientific" whaling. In 2006, Campbell drew criticism for blocking a wind farm project in south-eastern Victoria on the basis that it may pose a risk to the critically endangered orange-bellied parrot. Commentators and the opposition rejected the decision as inconsistent and politically motivated. In 2006, Campbell was criticised for the approval of the Cloud Break mine in the Pilbara region of Western Australia,