Soekarno–Hatta International Airport () , abbreviated SHIA or Soetta, formerly legally called Jakarta Cengkareng Airport () (hence the IATA designator "CGK"), is the primary airport serving the Jakarta metropolitan area on the island of Java in Indonesia. Named after the first president and vice-president of Indonesia, Sukarno (1901–1970) and Mohammad Hatta (1902–1980), the airport is located at Benda, Tangerang and Cengkareng, West Jakarta, which is about 20 km northwest of Central Jakarta. Together with Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport, they served over 80 million passengers in 2019. The airport commenced domestic operations on 1 May 1985 replacing the old over-capacity Kemayoran Airport. The airport was expanded in 1991 to replace Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport for international flights, which still serves domestic charter, VIP, private flights, and re-opened as a second commercial airport for domestic flights to relieve pressure over Soekarno-Hatta airport that is currently running overcapacity. The airport served 66.9 million passengers in 2018, ranked as 18th busiest airport in the world by Airports Council International, and the busiest in Southeast Asia. In recent years, the airport has received numerous awards and recognitions. The airport often struggles to accommodate all flights at its current limit of 81 aircraft movements per hour. Although over capacity, a 2012 ACI survey declared that the airport is being operated safely. The two original runways suffer from pavement and strength issues, which limited the airport's capacity to serve large aircraft. To reduce congestion and to achieve a target to handle 100 flights per hour, a third runway opened in August 2019. Upgrades of the original two runways for safety and to accommodate wide-bodied aircraft are almost complete. The airport will be able to serve 100 million passengers annually by 2025 after completion of ongoing development work. History Used between 1928 and 1985, Kemayoran Airfield was considered inadequate for further expansion because it was too close to the major Halim Perdanakusuma military airport. The civil airspace in the area became increasingly restricted, while air traffic increased rapidly, posing problems for international air traffic. In 1969, a senior communication officers meeting in Bangkok expressed these concerns. In the early 1970s, with the help of USAID, eight potential locations were analyzed for a new international airport, namely Kemayoran, Malaka, Babakan, Jonggol, Halim, Curug, South Tangerang and North Tangerang. Finally, the North Tangerang site was chosen; it was also noted that Jonggol could be used as an alternative airfield. Meanwhile,