and 1870s in the factories around the town of Livny (Oryol Oblast). Asian and Caucasian garmons Russian garmons were popular not only among the Russians but also among the other nations of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. Almost all the national garmons are based on the Tula, Vyatka and Khromka garmons, with modifications to fit the local national musical traditions. Some were professionally invented in music factories in the 20th century. Volga, Ural and Siberian regions The Mari accordion (marla-karmon) is a seven-button, diatonic, bisonoric instrument based on the Tula garmon. The Mari koga-karmon and Chuvash kubos are based on the khromka. Caucasian The or Ossetian accordion was based on the European accordion. It was designed for the features of Ossetian folk music, and was adopted by other musicians from other Caucasian peoples, becoming popular all over the Caucasus. Oriental accordion The oriental bayan () was invented in 1936 in the Kazan musical factory, it has a right-hand piano keyboard but a little smaller, so in fact it imitates a piano accordion. In 1961 the Kazan revised it so that the left keyboard mirrored the right, though the left buttons are not rectangular but round, like in button accordions. This type is popular in the music of Azerbaijan, where it is known as the . It has been popularized in Turkey through the recordings of Nejat Özgür. Georgia and Armenia The came to Georgia and Armenia from Europe, namely from Russia, in the 1830s, and immediately became popular among folk musicians. It is especially popular in Tusheti, where it is used as an accompanying instrument for vocals, and also as a solo instrument. The garmoni has two miniature variants, the and the . The is widespread especially among the mountain inhabitants of Georgia, with its own distinct sound. It is considered a women's instrument, and often a bride was presented with a buzik at the time of her engagement. It was widely used for national holidays, festivals, and parties, and is associated mainly with song and dance melodies. It is also sometimes used for performing solo melodies, or in an ensemble with a doli (drum), daira, diplipito, and panduri. The , came to Georgia and Armenia from Europe in the 1830s, and mainly accompanies dances. Slovenia In Slovenia, the (see Steirische Harmonika) is popular in traditional and modern music. Some artists have achieved popularity in Europe and the