Many colonies such as South Africa and India also had many land lines. Britain also possessed the majority of the world's underwater-telegraph deployment and repair equipment and expertise, and a monopoly of the gutta-percha insulation for underwater lines. The 1911 report stated that the Imperial Wireless Chain should only be a "valuable reserve" to the All Red Line, because enemies could interrupt or intercept radio messages. Despite its great cost, the telegraph network succeeded in its purpose: British communications remained uninterrupted during the First World War, while Britain quickly succeeded in cutting Germany's worldwide network. The Pacific Cable Board laid a duplicate cable between Canada and New Zealand between 1923 and 1926, using the cable-laying ships Dominia and Faraday. Routes Atlantic Ocean stations Great Britain Ireland Newfoundland Canada Saint Helena Ascension Island Barbados Bermuda Pacific Ocean stations Bamfield, British Columbia, Canada Fanning Island, which was deserted until the telegraph relay station was established. Fiji Hong Kong Norfolk Island (branching to New Zealand and Australia) Southport, Queensland, Australia (the Pacific Cable Station still exists and is heritage-listed) Indian Ocean stations Cape Town, South Africa Durban, South Africa Keeling Islands (branching to India and Africa) Mauritius Perth, Australia Commonwealth Telegraph Agreement In the final years of the British Empire, with a number of states federated or close to independence, a treaty with clearer financial divisions, responsibilities, and governance was established that would eventually replace the Pacific Cable Board. A treaty Commonwealth Telegraph Agreement was signed between Commonwealth nations in London, 1948 that formed the Commonwealth Telecommunications Organisation. See also All-Red Route Commonwealth Pacific Cable System Electrical telegraphy in the United Kingdom Footnotes References External links Map of the 1902 line A 1904 speech by Sandford Fleming on the importance of an imperial cable system. Gentlemen of the Cable Service British Empire Telegraphy Transatlantic telecommunications