by flowing parallel to the fold and cutting into less resistant formations. Yet other streams tried to keep up with the uplift by carving slot canyons only to later change course, leaving their canyons literally high and dry. A total of 7,000 feet (2,100 m) of overlying Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediment has been removed by erosion in the area. Wetter and cooler conditions developed during the Pleistocene epoch and briefly returned via at least two neoglacial episodes (little ice ages) in the current epoch, the Holocene. The various rivers and streams in the area were engorged by increased precipitation and with melt-water from mountain glaciers on the Henry Mountains to the east and the Aquarius Plateau to the west of the park. Flash floods, mass wasting of hillsides, frost wedging, and landslides all contributed to a significantly faster rate of erosion. Glaciers plucked 20- to 30-million-year-old black basaltic boulders from atop Boulder and Thousand Lake Mountains that were subsequently deposited over the park area by meltwater streams from the glaciers, rockslides and floods. References Works cited Billingsley, G.H., Breed, W.J. and Huntoon, P.W.; 1987; Geologic Map of capitol Reef National Park and vicinity, Utah; Utah Geologic Survey (viewed March 25, 2006) Halka Chronic, Roadside Geology of Utah (Mountain Press; 1990) Ann G. Harris, Esther Tuttle, Sherwood D., Tuttle, Geology of National Parks: Fifth Edition (Iowa, Kendall/Hunt Publishing; 1997) L. F. Hintze, Geologic History of Utah, Brigham Young University Geology Studies, v. 20, Part 3. Provo UT, page 181 Thomas H. Morris, Vicky Wood Manning, and Scott M. Ritter, "Geology of Capitol Reef National Park, Utah" in Geology of Utah's Parks and Monuments, Douglas A. Sprinkel, Thomas C. Chindsey, Jr., and Paul B. Anderson, Editors (Salt Lake City; Utah Geological Association; 2003) National Park Service, "Capitol Reef: Geology" (viewed March 25, 2006) William Lee Stokes, Geology of Utah (Salt Lake City; Utah Museum of Natural History; 1988) Notes Colorado Plateau Capitol Reef Capitol Reef