and the Livelihoods of the Resource-poor in the Developing World (CIMMYT) Livestock (ILRI) Maize (CIMMYT) Rice (IRRI) - (CIP) Global Integrating Programs Cross-cutting Global Integrating Programs framed to work closely with the Agri-Food Systems Programs within relevant agro-ecological systems. Four programs formed part of the 2017-2021 Portfolio. CCAFS - Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CIAT) A4NH - Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (IFPRI) PIM - Policies, Institutions, & Markets (IFPRI) WLE - Water, Land and Ecosystems (IWMI) Former programs GRiSP - A Global Rice Science Partnership (IRRI) Aquatic Agricultural Systems - Harnessing the Development Potential of Aquatic Agricultural Systems for the Poor and Vulnerable (WorldFish) More Meat, Milk and Fish by and for the poor (ILRI) Dryland Systems Humidtropics Grain Legumes (ICRISAT) A new strategy and results framework was approved in 2015 and the portfolio of research programs revised. The systems programs dryland systems, aquatic agricultural systems, and Humidtropics ceased to be standalone programs, even though they were seen as what was new to the reformed CGIAR, but were not given a real chance to take off and prosper, mainly due to funding reductions, but also because of a refocus on commodity value chains. These commodity programs were renamed to, for example, RTB Systems Program or Rice Systems Program. Some work of the earlier systems programs were incorporated, but most was lost. Research platforms CGIAR supported four research platforms from 2017 to 2021: CGIAR Platform CGIAR CGIAR CGIAR GENDER (Gender Equality in Food Systems Research) Platform Impacts of CGIAR The impacts of CGIAR research have been extensively assessed. Investments in CGIAR research generate returns of 10 times the amount invested. Much of the impact of the CGIAR centers has come from crop genetic improvement. This includes the high-yielding wheat and rice varieties that were the foundation of the Green Revolution. An assessment of the impact of crop breeding efforts at CGIAR centers between 1965 and 1998 showed CGIAR involvement in 65 percent of the area planted to 10 crops addressed by CGIAR, specifically wheat, rice, maize, sorghum, millet, barley, lentils, beans, cassava, and potatoes. Of this, 60 percent was sown with varieties with CGIAR ancestry (more than 90 percent in the case of lentils, beans, and cassava), and half of those varieties came from crosses made at a CGIAR center. The monetary value of CGIAR's investment in crop improvement is considerable, running into the billions of dollars. The centers