called "companionate marriage", in which he suggested that young men and women should be able to live together in a trial marriage, where the couple could have a year to evaluate whether or not they were suitable with each other. The only caveat was they had to agree not to have children. If after a year, the couple decided to stay together, they could do so, but if the relationship didn't work out, they would be able to dissolve the relationship easily. Also, if they decided they were compatible and did want children, they could change the status of their relationship to a traditionally understood marriage. Since one of the most common discourses in the popular culture was about women having children, and many clergy believed that sexual intercourse within marriage should only be for purposes of procreation, Lindsey's essay aroused strong emotions; a number of priests and ministers, as well as civic leaders accused him of promoting immorality, promiscuity and free love, charges that he denied. At one point, even the Pope spoke out against him. Bertrand Russell, in his 1929 book Marriage and Morals, wrote approvingly of Lindsey’s proposals but observed that they "were received with a howl of horror by all middle-aged persons and most of the newspapers throughout the length and breadth of America." In Denver, he was ousted from the bench, after 28 years of service. Time expressed the view that his views on companionate marriage had destroyed his reputation. Lindsey continued to defend his views on radio and in a series of speaking engagements. In popular culture In 1919, Lindsey wrote the introduction to Madeleine: An Autobiography, the memoirs of former prostitute Madeline Blair, an exposé of brothels in the 19th-century American West. Judge Lindsey appeared as himself in the film The Soul of Youth (1920), directed by William Desmond Taylor, and in Judge Ben Lindsey in the Juvenile Court (1921), the latter film made in the experimental Photokinema sound-on-disc process. "Benjamin Barr Lindsey", episode 24 of the historical docudrama TV series Profiles in Courage, based upon John F. Kennedy's Pulitzer Prize-winning book, was broadcast on April 25, 1965, with George Grizzard portraying Lindsey in 1906, at the time of his advocacy for juvenile justice reform. He is a recurring character in the songs of Denver folk/country artist Jay Munly, appearing in songs such as "Circle Round My Bedside" and "Bonnie Clyde, the Big