as proposed by Chakravartty, is widely endorsed in modern scientific circles, while the supernatural intrinsic value endorsed by Max Weber and Jacques Ellul maintains its popularity throughout the world. Doubters about the reality of instrumental and intrinsic value are few. See also Consequentialism Fact–value distinction Instrumentalism Instrumental and value rationality Instrumental and value-rational action Natural kind Value (ethics) Value theory References Social concepts Sociological terminology Value (ethics)