5♠ = 2 and a trump queen, etc. Exclusion Key Card Blackwood (1430 responses) After trump agreement, an unusual jump shift at the 5-level (or 4♠ when hearts are agreed) asks for key cards, exclusive of the ace of the bid suit. Hoyt The cheapest bid after key cards are shown asks for kings. The next cheapest bid shows no kings, etc. 5NT Kind of Josephine; asks for the number of high honours (ace, king or queen) in trumps 6♣ = 0, 6♦ = 1, etc. Cue bids First− and second−round controls are treated as equals Splinter bids Weaker and stronger types after 1♥/1♠ openings 1♥ – 3♠ = weaker Splinter (9–12 HCP), any shortage, 3NT asks 1♥ – 3NT = regular Splinter (12–16 HCP), spade shortage 1♠ – 3NT = weaker Splinter, any shortage, 4♣ asks 1♥/1♠ – 4♣/4♦/4♥ = regular Splinters (12–16 HCP) AutoSplinter An unusual shift jump agrees bidder's own suit only if partner has not shown any suit. Six in the Splinter suit Asks partner to bid the grand slam with a void in the splinter-suit. Interference after Blackwood DOPI. Double = 0, pass = 1, the cheapest bid = 2 keycards, etc. Competitive bidding Over opponent’s takeout double Jump shift – suit and support (fit showing jump) New suit – forcing at 1-level (except 1♦; see below), non-forcing at 2-level Redouble = 10+ HCP Opener bids before Responder: this shows a minimum if the bid is cheaper than two in the opening bid, but shows extras otherwise. 1♦ response over opponent's double – natural, not forcing Support bidding after partner's 1♥/1♠ opening is doubled: 1NT = 7–9(10) HCP; 3-card support 2NT = limit raise: 4-card support Jump shift shows suit and support. Over opponent’s overcall New suit is forcing at the level of 1 and 3. New suit is not forcing at the level of 2. Jump raise is pre-emptive. Support bidding after partner’s 1♥/1♠ opening is overcalled 2NT promises good support (usually 4 cards) and forces to game. Direct cue bid is game-invitational, or game forcing with flat distribution and defensive values. After partner’s 1NT opening is overcalled Double is negative – part score range. New suit is non-forcing at the two-level, but forcing at the three-level. Lebensohl: either GF with 4 cards in the other major or non-forcing with an unbid suit. After partner’s 2♦/2♥/2♠ opening is overcalled New suit = pass or