are cue bids, 4♣ – minors. 1♥/1♠ responses 7+HCP, 4+ cards, can have longer minor if less than GF 1♣ - 1♥/1♠ ? 2♣ = 15+, one-round force, then Responder’s 2♦ forces to game. 2♦ = Relay, 18+ HCP, promises at least 3 cards in Responder’s major. 2♥ = (After 1♠ response) 5+♥, (18+ HCP), GF 2NT = 18+ HCP, (semi-)balanced, denies 3-card support in Responder’s suit. After 1♣-1♥/1♠-2♦, Responder bids as follows ("Bubrotka"): 2♥ = 7–10 HCP, 4 cards in the bid major 2♠ = 11+ HCP, 4 cards in the bid major 2NT = 11+ HCP, at least 5 cards in the bid major 3♣, 3♦ = 9–11 HCP, 5 in the bid minor, 4 in the bid major 3♥ = 7–10 HCP, 5 cards, unbalanced (then 3♠ asks for a shortage, 3NT asks for a side suit) 3♠ = 7–10 HCP, 5332 with 5 in the bid major 3NT = 7–10 HCP, 6 cards in the bid major 1NT response 9–11 HCP, no 4-card major 1♣ - 1NT ? 2♣ = natural, 15+ HCP, GF 2♦, 2♥, 2♠ = 5+ cards, 18+ HCP, GF 2♣/2♦ responses 5+ cards, GF, can have 4-card major 2♥/2♠ responses Strong jump shift (semi-solid suit) 2NT response 12+ HCP, GF no 4-card major 3♣/3♦ response Good 6-card suit, invitational (9–11 HCP) 3♥/3♠ responses 7-card suit with 2 high honours, nothing outside 1♦ opening 4+ cards, 12–17 HCP possible canape: 4 diamonds; 5 clubs are possible if weak (12–14 HCP) 2♣ response – natural, promises 5 clubs, one-round force. Rebidding diamonds by Opener shows length (5 diamonds) and does not specify strength. The other 2-level bids show 4-card openings in the range of 12–14 HCP. 2♦ response – inverted minor, 10+ HCP, 4 diamonds 3♦ response – preemptive NT responses: 1NT = 7–10 HCP, 2NT = 11–12 HCP; both deny a 4-card major. 1♥/1♠ openings 5 cards, 12–17 HCP 1NT Response – not forcing Responder's 2NT is forcing after the suit is repeated. 1♥ 1♠/1NT 2♥ 2NT = forces to 3 of a major; opener shows shortage, and 1♠ 1NT 2♠ 2NT = forces to 3 of a major; opener shows shortage Two-over-one response – forces to three of that suit. 2♣ response is semi-natural. Rebidding the suit by Opener shows a minimum and does not show length. 2NT rebid by Opener shows strength (15–17 HCP). 2NT response – limit raise with support