of planning areas and called for the cooperation of urban groups to steer urban development, encouraging the turn from inner-city embellishment to optimizing urban functions. In early 1914 Hegemann embarked by ship on a return voyage to Germany via the Pacific, in order to visit the Far East and Australia. In Australia that July he boarded a German flagged ship for the final leg of the journey home. World War I broke out as the ship reached the coast of Africa, and it dodged English warships for several weeks before being sequestered for months off the coast of Mozambique. In April 1915 Hegemann stowed-away on a Norwegian vessel bound for the United States, where he spent the duration of the war. In 1916, while in the U.S., he was divorce from Alice Hesse, his first wife. Hegemann remained in the United States until early 1921. He established "Hegemann & Peets," a firm specializing in city and suburban planning based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, with landscape architect Elbert Peets. The firm designed the Washington Highlands Historic District, and Wyomissing Park, a "Modern Garden Suburb" in Reading, Pennsylvania. Hegemann and Peets together published "The American Vitruvius: An Architects' Handbook of Civic Art," a "thesaurus" of civic art for architects, commenting on about 1200 examples of the discipline. In 1918, visiting his friend Fiske Kimball at the University of Michigan, Hegemann met Ida Belle Guthe, daughter of Karl Eugen Guthe. In 1920 the couple married at her home in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In 1921 Hegemann returned to Europe with his new bride. After a sojourn in Naples, Italy, in 1922 he designed and built a home in Nikolassee, outside of Berlin. He became editor of Wasmuths Monatshefte für Baukunst, published by Ernst Wasmuth Verlag, known for its international coverage of architecture and Hegemann's incisive critiques. With a literary-polemical style of criticism that stood out sharply from the manifesto style of the moderns, Hegemann opposed formal modernism and academic traditions and favored a moderate modernity. He encouraged people with different views to write to the journal, and facilitated debates among schools of architectural thought. Hegemann also wrote several historical books debunking German heroes and, in 1930, the work for which he is best remembered: Das steinerne Berlin: Geschichte der Grössten Mietkasernenstadt der Welt (Stony Berlin: History of the Largest Tenement City in the World), which combines historical and architectural criticism. In the introduction he wrote,