standard is nominally for both men and women, some manufacturers use different numbering for women's UK sizing. In Australia and New Zealand, the UK system is followed for men and children's footwear. Women's footwear follows the US sizings. In Mexico, shoes are sized either according to the foot length they are intended to fit, in cm, or alternatively to another variation of the barleycorn system, with sizes calculated approximately as: equivalent to: . United States In the United States and Canada, the traditional system is similar to British but there are different zero points for children's, men's, and women's shoe sizes. The most common is the customary system where men's shoes are one size longer than the UK equivalent, making a men's 13 in the US the same size as a men's 12 in the UK. Customary The customary system is offset by barleycorn, or , comparing to the UK sizes. The men's range starts at size 1, with zero point corresponding to the children's size 13 which equals barleycorns or . However, most US manufacturers are using greater offsets, such as and 1 barleycorns. Therefore in current practice, US men's size 1 equals 25 barleycorns, or , so the calculation for a male shoe size in the United States is: equivalent to: . In the "standard" or "FIA" (Footwear Industries of America) scale, women's sizes are men's sizes plus 1 (so a men's is a women's ): equivalent to: . There is also the "common" scale, where women's sizes are equal to men's sizes plus . Children's shoes start from size zero, which is equivalent to inches ( barleycorns = 99.48 mm), and end at . Thus the formula for children's sizes in the US is equivalent to: . Alternatively, a Mondopoint-based scale running from K4 to K13 and then 1 to 7 is in use. K4 to K9 are toddler sizes, K10 to K13 are pre-school and 1 to 7 are grade school sizes. Brannock Device The Brannock Device is a measuring instrument invented by Charles F. Brannock in 1925 and now found in many shoe stores. The recent formula used by the Brannock device assumes a foot length of 2 barleycorns less than the length of the last; thus, men's size 1 is equivalent to a last's length of and foot's length of , and children's size 1 is equivalent to last's length and foot's length. The