In the perfect forms (perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect), this was a compound verb just like the passive voice of regular verbs (factum est, it has been done). Old Irish Old Irish has a substantial number of deponent verbs, some of them very common, such as do·muinethar “think”, “suppose” and cuirethar “put”. The -Vr ending was the regular passive or impersonal ending. The pattern was not continued into the modern languages and all such verbforms were ultimately replaced by ‘normal’ forms. The -Vr ending still is the regular passive or impersonal ending in the later language, as in the eg Modern Scottish Gaelic passive/impersonal cluinnear “one hears” / “is heard”. The Modern ScG verb cluinn “hear(s)” / “can/will hear” has its origin in the deponent Old Irish ro·cluinethar “hear”. Sanskrit Sanskrit has active, middle and passive voices. As the passive is a secondary formation (based on a different stem with middle endings), all deponent verbs take middle-voice forms, such as सच॑ते sác-ate. Traditional grammar distinguishes three classes of verbs: ‘parasmaipadinaḥ’ (having active forms only), ‘ātmanepadinaḥ’ (having middle forms only) and ‘ubhayapadinaḥ’ (having both forms). Thus, ‘ātmanepadī’ (plural ātmanepadinaḥ) might be considered a deponent verb. Swedish Swedish has a few passive-voice deponents, although its closely related neighbour languages Danish and Norwegian mostly use active corresponding forms. Indeed, Norwegian shows the opposite trend: like in English, active verbs are sometimes used with a passive or middle sense, such as in "boka solgte 1000 eksemplarer" ("the book sold 1000 copies"). -s is the normal passive ending in the Scandinavian languages. andas, "breathe" (cf. Danish and Norwegian Bokmål ånde (non-deponent)) hoppas, "hope" (cf. Danish håbe, Norwegian Bokmål håpe (non-deponent)) kräkas, "vomit" trivas, "enjoy oneself" minnas, "remember" lyckas, "succeed" tyckas, "appear, seem" kännas, "feels, as in, Det känns kallt." A handful of Swedish deponent verbs are specifically used for reciprocal or continuous meanings. These verbs typically have non-deponent counterparts. kramas, "hug (each other)" ses, "see (each other)" bråkas, "fight (continuously, or, with each other)" Norwegian Norwegian has several common deponents which use the '-es' passive ending in the active voice, instead of the usual '-er' active ending (and retains the '-es' in the infinitive, where most verbs end solely in '-e'): kjennes, "perceive", lykkes, "succeed", synes, "opine, think", trives, "thrive". The past tense is indicated by 'd or 't', e.g. kjentes, lyktes, syntes, trivdes. Danish Modern Danish, which shares the largest part of its grammar