water molecules to effectively solvate the ions. This can result in ion-dipole interactions between the salts and hydrogen bonding species which are more favorable than normal hydrogen bonds. Common chaotropic agents include n-butanol, ethanol, guanidinium chloride, lithium perchlorate, lithium acetate, magnesium chloride, phenol, 2-propanol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, thiourea, and urea. See also Boom method Chaotropic activity Denaturation (biochemistry) DNA separation by silica adsorption Hofmeister series Kosmotropic Minicolumn purification References Biomolecules