the campaign established the Michigan Union, one of the earliest such organizations in the U.S., with Parker as its first president. Efforts followed to construct a building to house the organization. Completed in 1919, the Michigan Union building, a campus landmark, housed the Union's own offices and those of many other student organizations, including Michigamua, as well as facilities for dining, recreation, social events and meetings. Sources of longevity Michigamua maintained its prestige and remained largely free of controversy through the 1960s. Several factors helped it to thrive for the long term. One was the practice of recruiting honorary "sachems" from among the university's administrators, prominent faculty and athletic directors and coaches. These included members of the governing board of regents; four presidents of the university (Harry Burns Hutchins, Alexander Grant Ruthven, Harlan Hatcher and Robben W. Fleming); and the varsity football coaches Fielding H. Yost, Fritz Crisler and Bo Schembechler. Connections to the university's upper echelons helped to cement Michigamua's place in campus culture. Close contacts also were maintained with upper-level administrators, especially T. Hawley Tapping, head of the university's alumni association from the 1930s through the 1950s, and John Feldkamp, "sachem" of Michigamua in 1960-61 and director of the university's housing office from 1966 to 1977. A second factor was Michigamua's meeting room. Until the early 1920s, members met in fraternities or rooms above stores. Then, for a nominal fee, the Michigan Union (whose top officers often belonged to the "tribe") permitted Michigamua to meet in the room at the top of the Union tower. (Other student groups, including the honor societies Druids and Vulcans, also rented space in the tower.) In the early 1930s, with the backing of Fielding Yost, then the university's powerful athletic director, the Union's officers granted Michigamua the right, at its own expense, to decorate its room for its exclusive use. In 1933 the renovated space was dedicated. Decorations included curved birchbark coverings on the walls to simulate the interior shape and textures of a stereotypical "wigwam" as well as "relics and tokens of the race of redskins from whom the founders of Michigan's Tribe took their inspiration," according to the student newspaper, along with animal pelts and plaques inscribed with names of past members. From 1933 on, the "tribe" paid no rent for the space. For members, the "wigwam" enhanced a sense of inclusion in a rarified order. It was the end-point