Nafis Sadik (18 August 1929 – 14 August 2022) was a Pakistani physician, Special Adviser to the UN Secretary General with additional responsibilities as Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Asia, and former executive director of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) from 1987 to 2000. She retired from the post in December 2000. Early life and education Nafis Sadik was born in Jaunpur, British India as the daughter of Iffat Ara and Muhammad Shoaib, former Finance Minister of Pakistan. She studied medicine at and graduated with a Doctor of Medicine degree from Dow Medical College in Karachi. After graduating, she went to the USA to complete an internship in gynaecology and obstetrics at City Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland and finished her further education at the Johns Hopkins University. Career She returned to Pakistan in 1954 with her husband, to become a civilian doctor in army hospitals. She worked to 1963 in women's and children's wards in Pakistan Armed Forces hospitals. In 1964, Sadik was appointed head of the Health Section of the Government’s Planning Commission. Sadik joined the Pakistan Central Family Planning Council in 1966 as Director of Planning and Training, the Government agency charged with carrying out the national family planning programme. She was appointed Deputy Director-General in 1968 and Director-General in 1970. United Nations Sadik joined the UN Population Fund in 1971. Shortly after the sudden death of the UNFPA Executive Director, Dr Rafael Salas, UN Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar appointed her to succeed him, in 1987, thus becoming the first woman to head one of the United Nations' major voluntarily-funded programmes. Sadik consistently called attention to the importance of addressing the needs of women, and of involving women directly in making and carrying out development policy. This was particularly important for population policies and programmes in the Third World and developing countries, where her strategy for providing females with education and the tools to control their own fertility has influenced the global birthrate. In June 1990, the Secretary-General of the United Nations appointed Sadik Secretary-General of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), 1994. Other activities Sadik's contribution to improving the health of women and children of the global community brought her many international awards and honours. She was a member of the Board of Governors of the Foundation for Human Development, and a member of the South Asian Commission on the Asian Challenge.