how rigorous a middleman is in detecting click fraud in future law cases. The fear that this research can expose the internal fraud-detection system of middlemen still applies. An example of such research is that done by Metwally, Agrawal and El Abbadi at UCSB. Other work by Majumdar, Kulkarni, and Ravishankar at UC Riverside proposes protocols for the identification of fraudulent behavior by brokers and other intermediaries in content-delivery networks. See also Botnet Click farm Clickbot.A Trojan.Win32.DNSChanger ZeroAccess botnet Zombie (computer science) References External links "Truth in advertising", The Economist, November 23, 2006. "Google CFO: Fraud a Big Threat", CNN Money. Retrieved December 2, 2004. "How Click Fraud Could Swallow the Internet", Wired Magazine, issue 14.01 (January 2006). Retrieved December 29, 2005. Simone Soubusta: "On Click Fraud", Retrieved March 2014. "Click fraud uncovered - Fiverr advertisers willing to click on ads for $5. Retrieved April 2015 "How Google Ads is fighting click fraud" Retrieved February 2019 Consumer fraud Online advertising Internet fraud