1997 to 2001. It also said that it provided training in political campaigning, communications training and research which helped organise and create the AWS. China In August 2020, IRI president Daniel Twining was sanctioned – together with the heads of four other U.S.-based democracy and human rights organizations and six U.S. Republican lawmakers – by the Chinese government for supporting the Hong Kong pro-democracy movement in the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests. The leaders of the five organizations saw the sanctioning, whose details were unspecified, as a tit-for-tat measure in response to the earlier sanctioning by the U.S. of 11 Hong Kong officials. The latter step had in turn been a reaction to the enactment of the Hong Kong National Security Law at the end of June. See also National Democratic Institute for International Affairs National Endowment for Democracy References Further reading External links International Republican Institute official site Organizations established in 1983 Republican Party (United States) organizations 1983 establishments in the United States National Endowment for Democracy Undesirable organizations in Russia