Henri Eugène Philippe Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale (16 January 1822 – 7 May 1897) was a leader of the Orleanists, a political faction in 19th-century France associated with constitutional monarchy. He was born in Paris, the fifth son of King Louis-Philippe I of the French and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily and used the title Duke of Aumale. Aumale became an infantry officer and saw active service in the French conquest of Algeria and in 1847 was appointed as its Governor-General. After the French Revolution of 1848, he went to live in England, where he pursued historical interests. The Franco-Prussian War enabled him to return to France, where he was elected to parliament and the Académie française. In 1872, he returned to the army as a Divisional General, and from 1879 to 1883 was inspector-general of the army. An important art collector, Aumale left his Château de Chantilly to the Institute of France, to display his collection. Early life Born at the Palais Royal in Paris, the young Henri was brought up by his parents in relative simplicity. At the age of eight, he inherited a fortune of 66 million livres (approximately £200 million today), the lands and wealth of his godfather, Louis Henri de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, the last Prince of Condé. This inheritance included the famous Château de Chantilly, the Château d'Écouen, and the domaines of Saint-Leu, Taverny, Enghien, Montmorency, and Mortefontaine. He was educated at the Collège Henri IV, then at the age of seventeen entered the French army with the rank of a captain of infantry. Marriage and children On 25 November 1844, aged 22, Aumale married in Naples Princess Maria Carolina of the Two Sicilies, a daughter of Leopold of the Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno, and Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria. The couple had several children, of whom two reached adulthood, but still predeceased him: Louis Philippe Marie Léopold d'Orléans, Prince of Condé (15 November 1845 – 24 May 1866), died unmarried and childless. Henri Léopold Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 September 1847 – 10 October 1847), died in infancy. Stillborn daughter (16 August 1850). François Paul d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 January 1852 – 15 April 1852), died in infancy. François Louis Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (5 January 1854 – 25 July 1872), died unmarried. Stillborn son (May 1857). Stillborn son (15 June 1861). Stillborn son