volunteer nature of the Australian forces. Each capital city developed its own major memorial, with many smaller memorials in the suburbs, and regional areas. The major memorials and their dates of construction are as follows: Darwin Cenotaph, Darwin – 1921 War Memorial, Hobart − 1925 State War Memorial Cenotaph, Perth – 1928–1929 Shrine of Remembrance, Brisbane – 1930 National War Memorial, Adelaide – 1931 Shrine of Remembrance, Melbourne – 1928–1934 ANZAC Memorial, Sydney – 1934 Australian War Memorial, Canberra – 1941 The earlier memorials are generally in the form of obelisks, sometimes with applied sculpture, while most of the later examples are commemorative buildings with a range of rooms and uses. The social meanings of war memorials increased in complexity as time went on. The later examples such as the Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne, 1934, the ANZAC Memorial in Sydney, 1934 and the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, 1941, represented the new trends in the symbolism of memorials more than the simple columns, obelisks and statues of citizen soldiers erected during the fighting and immediately after it. The Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne is the most comparable monument to the ANZAC Memorial in Australia, both comprising one principal commemorative space, surrounded and above a series of administrative and exhibition spaces, contained within an imposing landmark building in differing architectural styles, set within a formal landscape. Authorising the ANZAC Memorial In 1918 the RSSILA in 1918 published its aims for the monument: The building was to be a memorial for those who died; It was to be architecturally worthy of its high purpose; It was to provide headquarters for those working to assist widows and children of those who were killed and also, those AIF members who returned; It was to house the records of the AIF; It would be a meeting place and a source of assistance with repatriation; and It would provide a centre for any later campaigns on behalf of the AIF and their dependants. After 1919, all the state's war memorial building committees were required to seek expert advice from a War Memorials Advisory Committee comprising representatives from the Town Planning Association, Institute of Architects (NSW), Royal Society of Artists and the National Art Gallery (NSW). A proposal to build the memorial on Observatory Hill was withdrawn due to the planned proximity of the roads leading onto the Sydney Harbour Bridge. The proposal to use part