after an unvoiced consonant comes a voiced one. Likewise, unvoiced consonants become voiced by assimilation. In voicing q, the voiced opposition is , not . The consonants , , , , , , , appear mostly in loanwords. Native words with those sounds are rare and mostly onomatopoeic. Morphology W, E and Tr. refer to the Western, Eastern and Transitional dialects. Noun Case endings: Examples: kat : obl.sg. káti, pl. katt, obl.pl. kátti mayn (W) / men (E) : obl.sg. máyni/méni, pl. maynt/ment, obl.pl. máynti/ménti póda : obl.sg. póday/póde, pl. pódot, obl.pl. pódoti čalló : obl.sg. čallóy, pl. čallót, obl.pl. čallóti zindagī́ : obl.sg. zindagī́y, pl. zindagī́t, obl.pl. zindagī́ti mórti : obl.sg. mórtiy, pl. mórtit, obl.pl. mórtiti Also, the izofa construction is used in Yaghnobi and appears in phrases and constructions adopted from Tajik or with words of Tajik origin. Pronouns The second person plural, šumóx is also used as the polite form of the second person pronoun. Numerals Verb Personal endings – present: Personal endings – preterite (with augment a-): By adding the ending -išt (-št after a vowel; but -or+išt > -ošt) to the preterite, the durative preterite is formed. The present participle is formed by adding -na to the verbal stem. Past participle (or perfect participle) is formed by addition of -ta to the stem. The infinitive is formed by addition of ending -ak to the verbal stem. Negation is formed by prefix na-, in combination with augment in preterite it changes to nē-. The copula is this: Lexicon Knowledge of Yaghnobi lexicon comes from three main works: from a Yaghnobi-Russian dictionary presented in Yaghnobi Texts by Andreyev and Peščereva and then from a supplementary word list presented in Yaghnobi Grammar by Xromov. The last work is Yaghnobi-Tajik Dictionary compiled by Xromov's student, Sayfiddīn Mīrzozoda, himself a Yaghnobi native speaker. Yaghnobi Tajik words represent the majority of the lexicon (some 60%), followed by words of Turkic origin (up to 5%, mainly from Uzbek) and a few Russian words (about 2%; through the Russian language, also many international words came to Yaghnobi). Only a third of the lexicon is of Eastern-Iranian origin and can be easily comparable to those known from Sogdian, Ossetian, the Pamir languages or Pashto. Sample texts An anecdote about Nasreddin Notes References М. С. Андреев, Е. М. Пещерева, Ягнобские тексты с приложением ягнобско-русского словаря, Москва – Ленинград 1957. (M. S. Andrejev, Je. M. Peščereva,