Emil Artin. Ashby's law of requisite variety, that the number of states in a control mechanism must be greater than or equal to the number of states in the system it controls. Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics formulated by Isaac Asimov: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws. (Asimov later added what became known as the "Zeroth Law", to precede the initial three: A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.) The Asimov corollary to Parkinson's law: In ten hours a day you have time to fall twice as far behind your commitments as in five hours a day. Atwood's law: Any software that can be written in JavaScript will eventually be written in JavaScript. Augustine's laws on air force management. Named for Norman R. Augustine. Avogadro's law, one of the gas laws, states that: "equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules." Babinet's principle, in physics, states that the diffraction pattern from an opaque body is identical to that from a hole of the same size and shape except for the overall forward beam intensity. Named for Jacques Babinet. Baldwin's rules predict feasibility of ring-closing reactions in organic synthesis, proposed by Jack Baldwin. Barlow's law was an incorrect physical law proposed by Peter Barlow in 1825 to describe the ability of wires to conduct electricity. Bayes' theorem describes the probability of an event, based on prior knowledge of conditions that might be related to the event. Beckstrom's law, in economics, states that the value of a network equals the net value added to each user's transactions conducted through that network, summed over all users. Named for Rod Beckstrom. Beer–Lambert law: in optics, the empirical relationship of the absorption of light to the properties of the material through which the light is traveling. Independently discovered (in various forms) by Pierre Bouguer in 1729, Johann Heinrich Lambert in 1760 and August Beer in 1852. Benford's law : In many collections of data, a given data point has roughly a 30% chance