not specifically anti-predatory in nature, the Federal Truth in Lending Act requires certain disclosures of APR and loan terms. Also, in 1994 section 32 of the Truth in Lending Act, entitled the Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act of 1994, was created. This law is devoted to identifying certain high-cost, potentially predatory mortgage loans and reining in their terms. Twenty-five states have passed anti-predatory lending laws. Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, North Carolina, New York, New Jersey, New Mexico and South Carolina are among those states considered to have the strongest laws. Other states with predatory lending laws include: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin, and West Virginia. These laws usually describe one or more classes of "high-cost" or "covered" loans, which are defined by the fees charged to the borrower at origination or the APR. While lenders are not prohibited from making "high-cost" or "covered" loans, a number of additional restrictions are placed on these loans, and the penalties for noncompliance can be substantial. See also Alternative financial services Bank fraud Debt bondage Debt-trap diplomacy Loan shark Mortgage fraud Overdraft protection loans Poverty industry Refund anticipation loan Securitization Settlement (finance) Title loan Usury References Further reading External links Bell, Alexis. (2010). Mortgage Fraud & the Illegal Property Flipping Scheme: A Case Study of United States v. Quintero-Lopez. Don't be a victim of loan fraud from HUD. Protect yourself in the loan process from the California Department of Real Estate. Federal Citizen Information Center, site has links to state and federal regulatory agencies and other consumer information provided by the United States General Services Administration. Challenges in combating predatory lending from The United States General Accounting Office. Predatory lending article from Dollars & Sense magazine Americans for Fairness in Lending (AFFIL), nonprofit consumer organization with news, articles and advice Capitalism without values, Clint Reilly on the predatory lending scandal. America's Worst Subprime Lenders Banking Urban politics in the United States United States housing bubble Loans Psychological manipulation Abuse Disinformation Deception Ethically disputed business practices