a state-of-the-art platform for providing trust, privacy and identity management in mobile communities. PrimeLife develops concepts and technologies to help individuals to protect autonomy and retain control over personal information, irrespective of activities. SWIFT focuses on extending identity functions and federation to the network while addressing usability and privacy concerns and leverages identity technology as a key to integrate service and transport infrastructures for the benefit of users and the providers. Ongoing projects Ongoing projects include Future of Identity in the Information Society (FIDIS), GUIDE< and PRIME. Publications Academic journals that publish articles related to identity management include: Ethics and Information Technology Identity in the Information Society Surveillance & Society Less specialized journals publish on the topic and for instance have special issues on Identity such as: Online Information Review. Standardization ISO (and more specifically ISO/IEC JTC 1, SC27 IT Security techniques WG5 Identity Access Management and Privacy techniques) is conducting some standardization work for identity management , such as the elaboration of a framework for identity management, including the definition of identity-related terms. The published standards and current work items includes the following: ISO/IEC 24760-1 A framework for identity management—Part 1: Terminology and concepts ISO/IEC 24760-2 A Framework for Identity Management—Part 2: Reference architecture and requirements ISO/IEC DIS 24760-3 A Framework for Identity Management—Part 3: Practice ISO/IEC 29115 Entity Authentication Assurance ISO/IEC 29146 A framework for access management ISO/IEC CD 29003 Identity Proofing and Verification ISO/IEC 29100 Privacy framework ISO/IEC 29101 Privacy Architecture ISO/IEC 29134 Privacy Impact Assessment Methodology Organization implications In each organization there is normally a role or department that is responsible for managing the schema of digital identities of their staff and their own objects, which are represented by object identities or object identifiers (OID). The organizational policies and processes and procedures related to the oversight of identity management are sometime referred to as Identity Governance and Administration (IGA). Commercial software tools exist to help automate and simplify such organisational-level identity management functions. How effectively and appropriately such tools are used falls within scope of broader governance, risk management, and compliance regimes. Since 2016 Identity and Access Management professionals have their own professional organization, IDPro. In 2018 the committee initiated the publication of An Annotated Bibliography, listing a number of important publications, books, presentations and videos. Management systems An identity-management system refers to an information system, or to a set of technologies that can be used