be filled in a single, combined regular and by-election in Summer. 2022 House of Councillors regular election The 2022 electoral map sees the LDP looking to defend or expand on the slightly stronger class of its House of Councillors caucus with 57 (as of February 2022) of its 110 seats up, including defected ex-Democrats in Miyagi and Fukushima. The centre-left opposition will seek to defend single-member seats in "purple" prefectures like Nagano or Yamanashi while trying to make inroads into "red" territory as it had done to some degree with the joint centre-left strategy in the 2019 election when it recovered somewhat from the 2013 wipe-out in single-member districts and gained some seats even in conservative-leaning prefectures (Akita, Yamagata, Ehime). However, depending on the outcome of the April by-election and other party changes until then, the ruling parties would have to lose at least 14 seats overall to lose their majority, even more to give unambiguous control to the opposition. Latest results 2021 House of Representatives general election The LDP defended its majority, and the LDP-Kōmeitō coalition government continues under prime minister Fumio Kishida; but the coalition no longer holds a two-thirds majority as it had previously since 2012, i.e. it now needs to retain its majority in the House of Councillors in order to control a legislative majority of its own in parliament. The main opposition CDP picked up some majoritarian seats in a joint centre-left nomination strategy, but lost substantially in the proportional tier where it had held almost the same number of seats as the LDP before the election due to the 2020 party realignments. The centre-right opposition Ishin no Kai surged, winning 15 of 19 FPTP seats in Osaka and gaining seats in ten of eleven proportional districts countrywide. Proportional tier (11 constituencies, 176 seats), turnout 55.92% LDP 59 PR-only + 251 dual candidates, 34.7% of votes, 72 seats (41% of seats) CDP 26+213 candidates, 20.0%, 39 seats (22%) Ishin 2+94 candidates, 14.0%, 25 seats (14%) Komeito 44+0 candidates, 12.4%, 23 seats (13%) JCP 25+15 candidates, 7.2%, 9 seats (5%) DPFP 6+21 candidates, 4.5%, 5 seats (3%) Reiwa Shinsengumi 9+12 candidates, 3.9%, 3 seats (2%) 6 other parties (aggregate) 40 candidates, 3.4%, no seats Majoritarian tier (289 constituencies, 289 seats), turnout 55.93% Governing parties (LDP+Komeito): 286 candidates (cross-endorsed practically countrywide), 49.6 % of votes, 196 seats (67.8% of seats) Centre-left opposition (CDP+DPFP+JCP+SDP+ReiShin): 361 candidates (joint in