and coal. Examples of this art are sculptures, masks, bull roarers, and gope. Several authors, namely the British anthropologist Alfred Haddon (1920) and the art historian Douglas Newton (1961), have noted similarities between the Papuan Gulf various art forms with that of groups living along the Sepik River. On the basis of these formal similarities they have suggested the possibility of a cultural link between the two areas. However, to date no scholarly research has confirmed such a linkage, and it remains a speculation based on stylistic similarities. References Haddon, Alfred Cort (1894) The decorative art of British New Guinea. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, Cunningham memoirs, 10. Haddon, Alfred Cort (1895) Evolution in Art: As Illustrated by the Life-Histories of Designs. London: Walter Scott, LTD. Haddon, Alfred Cort (1920) ‘The migrations of cultures in British New Guinea.' Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 50:234-280. Newton, Douglas (1961) Art Styles of the Papua Gulf. New York: The Museum of Primitive Art. External links http://www.art-pacific.com/artifacts/nuguinea/papuan/gulfmap.htm Papua Bodies of water of Papua New Guinea