militant tone of expressions and by what his own colleagues in the Union Theological Seminary called the dogmatic and irritating nature of his inaugural address. After his condemnation by the Presbyterians, he turned towards Episcopalianism and was ordained as a priest of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1899. His scholarship procured for him the honorary degree of D.D. from the University of Edinburgh (1884) and from the University of Glasgow (1901), and that of D.Litt., from the University of Oxford (1901). With Francis Brown and S. R. Driver he prepared a revised Hebrew and English Lexicon (1891–1905, commonly known as Brown Driver Briggs or BDB) based on the lexicon of Wilhelm Gesenius, and, with Driver, edited The International Critical Commentary series. Works His publications included the following: Biblical Study: Its Principles, Methods and History (1883) Hebrew Poems of the Creation (1884) American Presbyterianism: Its Origin and Early History (1885) Messianic Prophecy (1886) Whither? A Theological Question for the Times (1889) The Authority of the Holy Scripture (1891) The Bible, the Church and the Reason (1892) The Higher Criticism of the Hexateuch (1893) The Messiah of the Gospels (1894) The Messiah of the Apostles (1894) General introduction to the study of Holy Scripture (1899) New Light on the Life of Jesus (1904) The Ethical Teaching of Jesus (1904) A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book of Psalms (2 vols., 1906–7), in which he was assisted by his daughter The Virgin Birth of Our Lord (1909) Theological Symbolics (1914, posthumous) See also Princeton Theological Seminary Princeton Theology Union Theological Seminary Presbyterianism Charles Hodge Notes Literature The Presbyterian Review, 1880–89, made available by Princeton Theological Seminary This is one of the major sources of clashes between Briggs and embedded doctrine. , which includes a relation of Briggs' process as well as additional details of his life. External links 1841 births 1913 deaths American Episcopal theologians University of Virginia alumni Columbia University alumni People convicted of heresy People from Roselle, New Jersey Union Theological Seminary (New York City) alumni Union Theological Seminary (New York City) faculty Humboldt University of Berlin alumni People excommunicated by Presbyterian churches Former Presbyterians Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery 19th-century American Episcopalians Columbia University librarians