Physician, humanitarian and medical innovator Frederick Banting, class of 1916 and Charles Best, class of 1925: Co-discoverers of insulin with professor of physiology John James Richard Macleod Gladys Boyd, class of 1918: Pediatrician, pioneer in treatment of juvenile diabetes Jessie Gray, class of 1934 and professor of clinical surgery: Canada's "First Lady of Surgery", lecturer, and researcher Wilfred Gordon Bigelow, class of 1938: Developed the artificial pacemaker and the use of hypothermia in open heart surgery Tom Pashby, class of 1940: Ophthalmologist and sport safety advocate, Order of Canada, Canada's Sport Hall of Fame Robert Gordon Bell, class of 1943: Pioneered treatment of alcohol addiction in Canada and invented the alco-dial, a device to estimate blood alcohol levels. Henry J. M. Barnett, class of 1944: Pioneered use of aspirin as a preventive therapy for heart attack and stroke Robert B. Salter, class of 1947: Developed the continuous passive motion (CPM) treatment to aid recovery of joints after trauma William Thornton Mustard, class of 1947: pediatric cardiac surgeon, developer of the Mustard procedure Ernest McCulloch, class of 1948: Cellular biologist and Lasker Award recipient credited with the discovery of the stem cell Raymond Stein, class of 1982: Ophthalmologist, medical director Shaf Keshavjee, class of 1985: Transplant surgeon and ex-vivo lung transplant pioneer C. Miller Fisher, described lacunar strokes and identified transient ischemic attacks as stroke precursors. Daniel J. Drucker OC, FRS, class of 1980, professor of medicine and research endocrinologist Notable past or present faculty John E. Dick, professor of molecular genetics: Identified the cancer stem cell Brenda Andrews, professor at the Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research and researcher Anthony Pawson, professor of molecular and medical genetics, 1985–2013: Researcher in signal transduction Tirone E. David, professor of surgery, Developed valve-sparing aortic root replacement Lap-Chee Tsui, professor of genetics, 1983–2002: Former vice-chancellor of the University of Hong Kong and president of Human Genome Organisation Stephen Scherer, University Professor in the Department of Molecular Genetics. Scherer's discoveries led to the initial description of genome-wide copy number variations (CNVs). He founded Canada's first human genome centre, the Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG) at the Hospital for Sick Children. Tak Wah Mak, professor of medical biophysics, 1975–: Discovered the T-cell receptor James Till, professor of medical biophysics, 1958–97: Academic on Internet research ethics William Boyd, professor of pathology, 1937–1951, Author of important pathology textbooks John C. Boileau Grant, professor of anatomy, 1930–56, Author