The Tirumantiram () or Thirumantiram is a Tamil poetic work, written either in the 6th century CE or post 10th century CE by Tirumular. It is the tenth of the twelve volumes of the Tirumurai, the key texts of Shaiva Siddhanta and the first known Tamil work to use the term. The Tirumantiram is the earliest known exposition of the Shaiva Agamas in Tamil. It consists of over three thousand verses dealing with various aspects of spirituality, ethics and praise of Shiva. But it is more spiritual than religious and one can see the difference between Vedanta and Siddhanta from Tirumular's interpretation of the Mahavakyas. According to historian Venkatraman, the work covers almost every feature of the siddhar of the Tamils. According to another historian, Madhavan, the work stresses on the fundamentals of Siddha medicine and its healing powers. It deals with a wide array of subjects including astronomy and physical culture. Etymology Tirumantiram's literal meaning is "sacred mantra" or "holy incantation." Content The Tirumantiram is divided into nine chapters, 9 tantras (): 1. Philosophical views and divine experience, impermanency of the physical body, love, education etc. 2. Shiva's glory, His divine acts, classification of souls etc. 3. Yoga practices according to the eight-angled way of Patanjali. Also refers to Vasi Yoga 4. Mantra, tantra, etc. 5. Various branches of Saiva religion; the four elements of Shaiva Siddhanta. 6. Shiva as guru bestowing grace and the devotee's responsibility. 7. Shiva linga, Shiva worship, self-control. 8. The stages of soul experience. 9. Panchadsara manthiram, Shiva's dance, the state of samadhi. The poems have a unique metrical structure, each line consisting of 11 or 12 syllables depending on the initial syllable. Tirumular discusses the four steps of spiritual progress; Charya, Kriya, Yoga and Gnana, the Shaiva Siddhanta concept of Pati, Pasu and Pasa where Pati stands for Shiva, Pasu stands for the humankind and Pasa stands for Maya (the desire), sadhana, Vedanta, the Upanishadic Tat tvam asi and other Vedantic concepts, the transcendental reality as emptiness (Sunya) devoid of any attribute and Tantrasastra (Shakti worship), chakras, magic spells and their accessories. The section on Yoga, called "Shiva yoga", offers details not found in the Sanskrit text of Patanjali. The Tirumantiram describes means of attaining an immortal body (kaya siddhi), advocating a theory of preserving the body so that the soul would continue its existence (). Tirumular is not only one of the