Verlust, "loss" and Verlies, "dungeon" (both from the same root as verlieren/verloren). Because of the presence of words that did not undergo rhotacisation from the same root as those that did, the result of the process remains visible in a few modern English word pairs: is and are (PGmc. *isti vs *izi) was and were (PGmc. *wesaną vs *wēz) the comparative and superlative suffixes -er and -est (PGmc. *-izô vs *-istaz) and derived words such as more and most (*maizô vs *maistaz), better and best (*batizô vs *batistaz), etc rise and rear (as in 'to bring up'; PGmc. *rīsaną vs *raizijaną) loss and forlorn (PGmc. *lusą vs *fraluzanaz) English Intervocalic and are commonly lenited to in most accents of North American and Australian English and some accents of Irish English and English English, a process known as tapping or less accurately as flapping: got a lot of becomes . Contrast is usually maintained with , and the sound is rarely perceived as . German In Central German dialects, especially Rhine Franconian and Hessian, is frequently realised as in intervocalic position. The change also occurs in Mecklenburg dialects. Compare Borrem (Central Hessian) and Boden (Standard German). Romance languages and Latin Latin Reflecting a highly-regular change in pre-Classical Latin, intervocalic in Old Latin, which is assumed to have been pronounced , invariably became r, resulting in pairs such as these: flōs — flōrem (Old Latin flōsem) genus — generis (from *geneses, cf. Sanskrit janasas) rōbus, rōbustus — rōbur, corrōborāre (verb from ) jūstus — de jūre (from de jouse) est — erō (from esō) gessī, gestō — gerō (from gesō) Intervocalic s in Classical Latin suggests either borrowing (rosa) or reduction of an earlier ss after a long vowel or a diphthong (pausa < paussa, vīsum < *vīssum < *weid-tom). The s was preserved initially (septum) and finally and in consonant clusters. Old Latin honos became honor in Late Latin by analogy with the rhotacised forms in other cases such as genitive, dative and accusative honoris, honori, honorem. Another form of rhotacism in Latin was dissimilation of d to r before another d and dissimilation of l to r before another l, resulting in pairs such as these: medius — merīdiēs (instead of *medi-diēs) caelum — caeruleus (instead of *cael-uleus) The phenomenon was noted by the Romans themselves: Neapolitan In Neapolitan, rhotacism affects words that etymologically contained intervocalic or initial , when