variable, and the long-term impact of their large-scale use on soil quality and the environment is unknown. 2009 research found that Jatropha biodiesel production requires significantly more water than other common biofuel crops, and that initial yield estimates were high. Earlier, higher estimates from Worldwatch Institute had suggested that 1 acre of cultivation could yield 202 gallons (4.8 barrels) of biodiesel. Jatropha curcas is also being studied for use as a carbon sequestration plant in arid regions. Toxicity Much like other members of the family Euphorbiaceae, members of the genus Jatropha contain several toxic compounds. The seeds of Jatropha curcas contain the highly poisonous toxalbumin curcin, a lectin dimer. They also contain carcinogenic phorbol. Despite this, the seeds are occasionally eaten after roasting, which reduces some of the toxicity. Its sap is a skin irritant, and ingesting as few as three untreated seeds can be fatal to humans. In 2005, Western Australia banned Jatropha gossypiifolia as invasive and highly toxic to people and animals. It continues to be used as a medicine in certain geographic regions; however one study found the dried leaf to have no anti-fungal activity. Selected species Jatropha acanthophylla Loefgr. Jatropha bullockii E.J.Lott Jatropha cardiophylla (Torr.) Müll.Arg. – Sangre de Cristo Jatropha cathartica Terán & Berland. – Berlandier's nettlespurge Jatropha chamelensis Pérez-Jiménez Jatropha costaricensis G.L.Webster & Poveda Jatropha cinerea (Ortega) Müll.Arg. – Arizona nettlespurge Jatropha cuneata Wiggins & Rollins – Limberbush, haat (pronounced ) Jatropha curcas L. – Physic nut, piñoncillo, habb-el-melúk Jatropha dhofarica Radcl.-Sm. Jatropha dioica Sessé – Leatherstem Jatropha elliptica (Pohl) Oken Jatropha excisa Griseb. Jatropha gossypiifolia L. – Bellyache bush Jatropha hernandiifolia Vent. – Wild oilnut Jatropha integerrima Jacq. syn. J. pandurifolia – Spicy jatropha, called in Chinese "ri ri ying", which means "every-day-flowered cherry blossom" Jatropha macrantha Mull. Arg – Huanarpo macho or Peruvian Viagra Jatropha macrorhiza Benth. – Ragged nettlespurge Jatropha multifida L. – Coralbush Jatropha nudicaulis Benth. Jatropha podagrica Hook. – Buddha belly plant, bottleplant shrub Jatropha unicostata Balf.f. Gallery Formerly placed here Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. (as J. moluccana L.) Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll.Arg. (as J. montana Willd.) Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M.Johnst. (as J. aconitifolia Mill.) Cnidoscolus angustidens Torr. (as J. angustidens (Torr.) Müll.Arg.) Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl (as J. phyllacantha Müll.Arg.) Cnidoscolus stimulosus (Michx.) Engelm. & A.Gray (as J. stimulosa Michx.) Cnidoscolus texanus (Müll. Arg.) Small (as J. texana Müll.Arg.) Cnidoscolus tubulosus (Müll. Arg.) I.M.Johnst. (as J. tepiquensis Costantin &