burbot in July 1970 from the Great Ouse Relief Channel, Norfolk. The species was then presumed extinct. (There are efforts to re-introduce this species into the rivers of East Anglia) †Houting – In the UK, the houting was declared extinct in 1977 by D. A. Ratcliffe. It was last recorded in the UK from the River Colne, West Yorkshire in 1925. Amphibians Agile frog – c. 1000, possibly 1500 present on Jersey European tree frog – 1986 Moor frog – c. 1000, possibly 1500 Pool frog – 1999 (reintroduced) Reptiles Aesculapian snake – c. Atlantic period >3000 BP (escaped populations in London and North Wales) European pond turtle – ≤ 3000 BP (possible escaped colonies established) Western green lizard – c. unknown (escaped populations in Bournemouth); present on Jersey and Guernsey Insects Beetles Agonum sahlbergi (ground beetle) – 1914 Platycerus caraboides (blue stag beetle) – 19th century Graphoderus bilineatus (water beetle) – 1906 Harpalus honestus (ground beetle) – 1905 Copris lunaris (horned dung beetle) – 1974 Ochthebius aeneus (water beetle) – 1913 Platydema violaceum (tenebrionid) – 1957 Rhantus aberratus (water beetle) – 1904 Scybalicus oblongiusculus (ground beetle) – 1926 Teretrius fabricii (histerid) – 1907 Bees, wasps and ants Andrena polita (mining bee) – 1934 Bombus pomorum (apple bumblebee) – 1864 Bombus cullumanus (Cullum's bumblebee) – 1941 Eucera tuberculata (mining bee) – 1941 Halictus maculatus (mining bee) – 1930 Mellinus crabroneus (digger wasp) – c. 1950 Odynerus reniformis (mason wasp) – 1915 Odynerus simillimus (mason wasp) – 1905 Bombus subterraneus (short-haired bumblebee) – 1989 Flies Merodon clavipes Butterflies and moths General reference: Waring et al., 2009. Aporia crataegi, black-veined white – 1925 Borkhausenia minutella – 1950 Lithophane furcifera, conformist (moth) – Euclemensia woodiella (moth) – 1829 Flame brocade (moth) – 1919 Frosted yellow (moth) – 1914 Gypsy moth – 1907; reappeared 1995 Isle of Wight wave (moth) – 1931 Large chequered skipper – c. 1989 (non-native, Channel Islands) Large copper – 1865 Large tortoiseshell - 1960s (recolonising from 2019) Many-lined (moth) – 1875 Map – c. 1914 (non-native) Mazarine blue – 1906 Orache moth – 1915 Reed tussock (moth) – 1875 Scarce black arches (moth) – 1898 (transitory resident) Speckled beauty (moth) – 1898 Union rustic (moth) – 1919 Viper's bugloss (moth) – 1969 Dragonflies and damselflies Norfolk damselfly – 1957 Orange-spotted emerald (dragonfly) – 1957 Caddisflies Hydropsyche bulgaromanorum (caddis fly) – 1926 Hydropsyche exocellata (caddis fly) – 1901 Cicada Cicadetta