Gogoi, queried whether it would be correct for the court to ignore the claim of an alibi (of an accused) if it were based on stolen evidence. The third constituent of the bench, Sanjay Kaul, further noted that even if the Attorney General's argument were correct, any evidence would be admissible if it would shock the conscience of the court. Admissibility of evidence in Indian courts hinges primarily on relevance and then on the source. The Supreme Court, especially, is empowered by the Constitution of India to have any document produced before it. In fact, in the 1971 verdict touched upon above, the Supreme Court decision relies on R v Leathem (1861). However, considerations of protection against self-incrimination – a right guaranteed by the Constitution – are taken into account and evidence obtained under duress will be grounds to reject its validity, but not the legality of the source alone. Ireland In Ireland the only absolute prohibition on admitting illegally-obtained evidence is where the evidence was knowingly obtained in breach of constitutional rights. Evidence obtained in breach of constitutional rights where this breach was inadvertent, or where it was illegal but not in breach of constitutional rights, may be admitted. Sweden The judicial system in Sweden follows a principle of "fri bevisprövning", i.e. "", where all sides may announce and use any and all evidence it wants, regardless of the source or how it was obtained. It is then up to the court to evaluate the evidence via the principle of "free evaluation of evidence", "Fri bevisvärdering". If a crime was committed when acquiring the evidence it may still be used in the trial and the one committing the crime may still be tried later for the crime. At the same time the court may take the crime into consideration when evaluating the value and impact of the evidence. See also Commonwealth v. Matos Silverthorne Lumber Co. v. United States Mapp v. Ohio, Wong Sun v. United States, Nix v. Williams, Parallel construction Sugar bowl (legal maxim) Section 24(2) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms References Legal doctrines and principles American legal terminology English-language idioms