the time limit, or that no possible moves can be made that would not create a "Now" or "Never" situation, the game goes into a force out. During a force out, players are given two minutes to create a solution. Players with a correct solution earn a 4, and the ones with an incorrect solution receive a 2, or the minimum possible for that round. Goal – Equations, On-Sets, and WFF 'N Proof require the first player to use cubes from resources to set a goal. This is what players try to achieve a solution to throughout the shake. Resources – Resources are the cubes that are rolled at the beginning of each shake. Shake – One match of a cube game is called a shake. A shake can last anywhere from a few minutes to an hour depending on the cubes rolled and the players involved. Solution – A player uses the cubes in resources to create a solution that equals the goal. A solution must be written on paper. After a solution is presented, other players check that solution. Stall – As a courtesy, players say the word "stall" before flipping the one-minute timer during their opponents turn. Most actions in the games have a time limit, ranging from 15 seconds to three minutes. Surpassing the time limit usually carries a small penalty of one point. Universe – At the beginning of an On-Sets shake, one player randomly lays out between six and fourteen unique cards containing colored dots. This collection of cards is called the universe. Variation – In Equations and On-Sets, players can call a total of three variations that affect that shake, or six in the Senior division. Variations are intended to make the game more interesting and more challenging for experienced players. Some examples of variations are "wilds" where one cube can represent another cube, "upside down", where an upside down number is interpreted as the number's additive inverse, etc. National tournaments 2023: Orlando, Florida (Upcoming) 2022: Knoxville, Tennessee 2021: Wheeling, West Virginia (Not attended) 2020: Atlanta, Georgia (Not attended) 2019: Orlando, Florida 2018: Knoxville, Tennessee 2017: Wheeling, West Virginia 2016: Atlanta, Georgia 2015: Orlando, Florida 2014: Knoxville, Tennessee 2013: Charlotte, North Carolina 2012: Wheeling, West Virginia 2011: Kissimmee, Florida 2010: Cincinnati, Ohio 2009: Knoxville, Tennessee 2008: Kissimmee, Florida 2007: Wheeling, West Virginia 2006: Charlotte, North Carolina 2005: Baton Rouge, Louisiana 2004: Orlando, Florida