Venice. May 1510: French, Ferrarese, and Imperial troops invaded Venice. July 1510: The Pope and Venice formed an alliance and went on a counter-offensive. The League of Cambrai fell apart, leaving only France and Ferrara at war with Venice and the Pope. Ferrarese War (1510–1511) August 1510: Failed Papal attack on Ferrara. 17 August 1510: Papal–Venetian troops captured Modena. October 1510: French troops were repulsed at Bologna. December 1510: Papal troops captured Concordia. 2–19 January 1511: Siege of Mirandola (1511). Papal victory over Ferrara. 23 May 1511: French troops captured Bologna after an anti-Papal revolt. Late May 1511: French troops recaptured Mirandola. War of the Holy League proper (1511–1514) October 1511: Pope Julius II proclaimed the new Holy League against France, including the Papal States, Venice, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, England, and the Swiss Confederacy. 18 February 1512: Sack of Brescia. French victory over Venice. 11 April 1512: Battle of Ravenna (1512). Franco-Ferrarese victory over the Pope. May 1512: Holy League troops drove French troops out of Milan. June 1512 – June 1515: Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre. Spanish victory over France. 10 August 1512: Battle of Saint-Mathieu. English victory over France. August–December 1512: Holy League negotiations on territorial changes failed. Venice left the League, Milan joined the League. 29 December 1512: Swiss mercenaries installed Maximilian Sforza as Duke of Milan. 23 March 1513: Venice and France concluded an alliance to partition northern Italy between them. 6 June 1513: Battle of Novara (1513). Milanese–Swiss victory over France. 16 August 1513: Battle of the Spurs (Guinegate). Anglo-Imperial victory over France. 8–13 September 1513: Siege of Dijon. Swiss victory over France. 9 September 1513: Battle of Flodden (Flodden Field, Branxton). English victory over Scotland (allied with France). Scotland abandoned France and left the war. 7 October 1513: Battle of La Motta (1513). Spanish and Imperial victory over Venice (allied with France). Francis I's First Italian War (1515–1516) 13–14 September 1515: Battle of Marignano (Melegnano). Decisive Franco-Venetian victory over Switzerland and Milan. 4 October 1515: French troops captured Milan and dethroned Sforza. December 1515: Peace negotiations began. August 1516: Treaty of Noyon. December 1516: Treaty of Brussels. Prelude In the aftermath of the First Italian War (1494–1498), Pope Alexander VI had, with French assistance, moved to consolidate Papal control over central Italy by seizing the Romagna. Cesare Borgia, acting as Gonfalonier of the Papal armies, had expelled the Bentivoglio family from Bologna,