1678 by Duke John Frederick of Brunswick-Calenberg Andrey Osterman (1686–1747), in 1721 by Emperor Peter I of Russia Emerich de Vattel (1714–1767), in 1758 by Elector Frederick Augustus II of Saxony Mathias Franz Graf von Chorinsky Freiherr von Ledske (1720–1786), in 1778 by Empress regnant Maria Theresa of the Holy Roman Empire Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), in 1779 by Duke Charles Augustus of Saxe-Weimar Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring (1755–1830), in 1810 by King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855), Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff (1788–1857), in 1841 by King Frederick William IV of Prussia Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (1793–1864), in 1856 by Emperor Alexander II of Russia Johann Gustav Stickel (1805-1896), Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach Hermann von Helmholtz (1821–1894) Heinrich von Stephan (1831–1897), in 1868 by King Wilhelm I of Prussia Felix Draeseke (1835–1913), in 1906 by King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony Richard Assmann (1845–1918), by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Felix Klein (1849–1925) Ignaz Bing (1840–1918), industrialist and naturalist, Geh. Kommerzienrat Adolf von Harnack (1851–1930), by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Friedrich Loeffler (1852–1915), by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Georg von Schanz (1853–1931), in 1914 by King Ludwig III of Bavaria Emil Adolf von Behring (1854–1917), in 1903 by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915), in 1911 by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Ferdinand Tönnies (1855–1936), in 1917 by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Theodor Curtius (1857–1928), in 1895 by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Max Planck (1858–1947), by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Alfred Hugenberg (1865–1951), by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Leo Maximilian Baginski (1891–1964), in 1919 by Prince Albert of Thurn and Taxis August Bier (18611949), by German emperor King Wilhelm II of Prussia Ferdinand Sauerbruch (1875–1951) Gottfried von Schmitt (1827-1908), title given in 1888 by Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria Josef von Schmitt (1838-1907), title given in 1896 by Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria See also Privy Councillor Active Privy Councillor Active Privy Councillor, 1st class References Legal history of Germany Government of the Holy Roman Empire ko:추밀원