For Scorsese, Saul and Elaine Bass created title sequences for Goodfellas (1990), Cape Fear (1991), The Age of Innocence (1993), and Casino (1995), their last title sequence. This later work with Martin Scorsese saw the Basses move away from the optical techniques that Saul had pioneered and move into the use of computerized effects. The Basses' title sequences featured new and innovative methods of production and startling graphic design. Screenwriter Nicholas Pileggi said of Saul and Elaine Bass, "You write a book of 300 to 400 pages and then you boil it down to a script of maybe 100 to 150 pages. Eventually you have the pleasure of seeing that the Basses have knocked you right out of the ballpark. They have boiled it down to four minutes flat." In a sense, all modern opening title sequences that introduce the mood or theme of a film can be seen as a legacy of the Basses' innovative work. In particular, title sequences for some recent movies and television series, especially those whose setting is during the 1960s, have purposely emulated the graphic style of Saul Bass's animated sequences from the 1950s. Some examples of title sequences that pay homage to Bass's graphics and animated title sequences are Catch Me If You Can (2002), X-Men: First Class (2011), and the openings to the AMC series Mad Men and TBS's Conan. Selected film title sequences Carmen Jones (1954) The Big Knife (1955) The Man with the Golden Arm (1955) The Racers (1955) The Seven Year Itch (1955) The Shrike (1955) Around the World in Eighty Days (1956) Storm Center (1956) Attack (1956) Johnny Concho (1956) Edge of the City (1957) Saint Joan (1957) The Pride and the Passion (1957) The Young Stranger (1957) Bonjour Tristesse (1958) Cowboy (1958) Vertigo (1958) The Big Country (1958) Anatomy of a Murder (1959) North by Northwest (1959) Psycho (1960) Spartacus (1960) The Facts of Life (1960) Exodus (1960) Ocean's 11 (1960) West Side Story (1961) Something Wild (1961) Advise & Consent (1962) Walk on the Wild Side (1962) The Victors (1963) Nine Hours to Rama (1963) It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963) The Cardinal (1963) In Harm's Way (1965) Bunny Lake Is Missing (1965) Grand Prix (1966) Not with My Wife, You Don't! (1966) Seconds (1966) Such Good Friends (1971) That's Entertainment, Part II (1976) Broadcast News (1987) Big (1988) Tonkō (1988) The War of