state election 2015 2021: The party was dissolved, formed into an association and members were urged to join Volt Deutschland Liberal leaders Liberals before 1918: Eduard Lasker (1829–1884); Rudolf von Bennigsen – Hans Victor von Unruh – Eugen Richter Freisinn: Theodor Barth – Friedrich Naumann – Max Weber Deutsche Demokratische Partei: Walther Rathenau – Theodor Heuss Deutsche Volkspartei: Gustav Stresemann LDPD (East-Germany): Waldemar Koch, Wilhelm Külz, Manfred Gerlach Freie Demokratische Partei: Ralf Dahrendorf – Karl-Hermann Flach – Hans-Dietrich Genscher – Otto Graf Lambsdorff – Walter Scheel – Guido Westerwelle – Christian Lindner Liberal thinkers In the Contributions to liberal theory the following German thinkers are included: Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) August Ludwig von Schlözer (1735–1809) Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835) Ludwig Joseph Brentano (1844–1931) Friedrich Naumann (1860–1919) Max Weber (1864–1920) Walther Rathenau (1867–1922) Adolf von Harnack (1851–1930) Wilhelm Röpke (1899–1966) Ralf Dahrendorf (1929–2009) See also History of Germany Politics of Germany List of political parties in Germany Weber and German politics Further reading Åberg, Martin. Swedish and German Liberalism: From Factions to Parties 1860–1920 (2011) Anderson, Margaret Lavinia. Practicing democracy: Elections and political culture in Imperial Germany (2000) Eyck, F. Gunther. "English and French Influences on German Liberalism before 1848." Journal of the History of Ideas (1957): 313–341. in JSTOR Gross, Michael B. The war against Catholicism: Liberalism and the anti-Catholic imagination in nineteenth-century Germany (University of Michigan Press, 2004) Harris, James F. A study in the theory and practice of German liberalism: Eduard Lasker, 1829–1884 (University Press of America, 1984) Jarausch, Konrad, et al. eds. In search of a liberal Germany: studies in the history of German liberalism from 1789 to the present (1990), essays by scholars Jones, Larry Eugene. German liberalism and the dissolution of the Weimar party system, 1918–1933 (University of North Carolina Press, 1988) Krieger, Leonard. The German idea of freedom: History of a political tradition (University of Chicago Press, 1957) Kurlander, Eric. The price of exclusion: ethnicity, national identity, and the decline of German liberalism, 1898–1933 (Berghahn Books, 2006) Langewiesche, Dieter. Liberalism in Germany (Macmillan Press, 2000) Kwan, Jonathan. Liberalism and the Habsburg Monarchy, 1861–1895 (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), Concerns the Austro-Hungarian Empire Langewiesche, Dieter. Liberalism in Germany (2000) Mork, Gordon R. "Bismarck and the 'Capitulation' of German Liberalism," Journal of Modern History (1971) 43#1 pp. 59–75 in JSTOR Palmowski, Jan. "Mediating the nation: liberalism and the polity in nineteenth-century Germany." German History (2001) 19#4 pp. 573–598. Palmowski,