Events from the year 1863 in art. Events March – American-born painter James McNeill Whistler settles close to the River Thames in Chelsea, London, where he will live for most of the rest of his life. June 12 – The Arts Club is founded by Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope, Frederic Leighton and others in London's Mayfair as a social meeting place for those involved or interested in the creative arts. The École des Beaux-Arts in Paris becomes independent of the Académie des Beaux-Arts. Julia Margaret Cameron takes up photography. Alexander Gilchrist's Life of William Blake, "Pictor Ignotus" is published in London, edited posthumously by Anne Gilchrist. Exhibitions May 17 – Opening of first exhibition of the Salon des Refusés in Paris (in which Manet exhibits Le déjeuner sur l'herbe and two other paintings; Whistler exhibits Symphony in White, No. 1: The White Girl and Cézanne first exhibits), and coining of the term avant-garde. Works Peter Nicolai Arbo – Horse Herd on the High Mountains Thomas Jones Barker – 'The Secret of England's Greatness' (Queen Victoria presenting a Bible in the Audience Chamber at Windsor) (approximate date) Albert Bierstadt – The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak David Gilmour Blythe Libby Prison Man Eating in a Field Alexey Bogolyubov – Easter procession in Yaroslavl Alexandre Cabanel – The Birth of Venus (first version, Musée d'Orsay, Paris) Paul Cézanne – The Judgement of Paris (approximate date) Charles Camille Chazal – Institution of the Eucharist François-Claudius Compte-Calix – Pierre Puvis de Chavannes – Work (Musée de Picardie, Amiens) Joseph Durham – Memorial to the Great Exhibition, London Thomas Charles Farrer – A Buckwheat Field on Thomas Cole's Farm Jozef Israëls – Fishermen's Children (first version) Italian – The Veiled Nun (marble bust, approximate date) Vilhelm Kyhn – ("After Sunset on the Outskirts of a Village") Édouard Manet Le déjeuner sur l'herbe ("The Luncheon on the Grass" or "The Picnic") (Musée d'Orsay, Paris) Olympia (Musée d'Orsay, Paris) Robert Braithwaite Martineau – The Last Chapter Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier – Napoleon III at the Battle of Solferino John Everett Millais – My First Sermon Albert Joseph Moore – Wall decorations at Coombe Abbey Elisabet Ney – Eilhard Mitscherlich (sculpture) Vincent Pilz – Pegasus (pair of bronzes) (approximate date) Dante Gabriel Rossetti – Joan of Arc Kissing the Sword of Deliverance Eugene von Guerard – North-east View from the Northern Top of Mount Kosciusko Frederick Walker – The Lost Path