grandson, also named Edward Singleton Holden, was a well known inventor with numerous patents to his name. He is credited with designing the rolled stainless steel gauge present in most modern fire extinguishers. References External links University of California Presidents' biographies ASP: Centennial History of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific at www.astrosociety.org Bracher, Katherine: The Centennial History of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (Mercury Magazine, Sept/Oct 1989) Osterbrock, Donald E., The Rise and Fall of Edward S. Holden – Part One, JOURN. HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY V.15:2, NO.43, P. 81, 1984 Part Two – V.15, NO. 3/OCT, P.151, 1984 National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir Portraits of Edward S. Holden from the Lick Observatory Records Digital Archive, UC Santa Cruz Library's Digital Collections Obituaries JRASC 8 (1914) 142 MNRAS 75 (1914) 264 Obs 37 (1914) 182 (one paragraph) PASP 26 (1914) 77–87 1846 births 1914 deaths People from St. Louis Washington University in St. Louis alumni United States Military Academy alumni United States Army officers American astronomers Washington University physicists Washington University in St. Louis mathematicians University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty University of California regents Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences Leaders of the University of California, Berkeley Lick Observatory American librarians People from West Point, New York Burials at West Point Cemetery