provincial divisions changed several times. Liu Song's successors, Southern Qi and Liang dynasty, kept the bulk part of Liu Song's administrative divisions except for the Shandong peninsula which was lost again to the north. Liang dynasty also set first counties on the Hainan Island. The last of Southern Dynasties, the Chen dynasty, however, lost every division to the north of the Yangtze river. Sixteen Kingdoms of the northern China were unified by Northern Wei, the empire established by Xianbei people. Although emperors of Northern Wei tried to be Sinicized, there were serious internal struggles between Xianbei and Han styles in Northern Wei. As a result, the administrative divisions of Northern Wei were pretty complicated and unstable. The southern part of the empire used the Han-style administrative system, while the northern part of the empire was relatively poorly organized. Due to the rivalry and wars between the north and south, the area between Huai River and Yangtze River suffered significant population loss. After Northern Wei took that area from Liu Song and Southern Qi, many towns and villages there were vacant. Therefore, the administrative divisions in those areas were poorly designed. Provinces of Northern Wei include: Daizhou Youzhou Yingzhou Pingzhou Dingzhou Jizhou () Jizhou () Yanzhou Yuzhou Jingzhou () Luozhou (Luoyang) Yongzhou (Chang'an) Huazhou Qinzhou Weizhou Jingzhou () Sizhou Bingzhou Eastern Qinzhou Eastern Yongzhou To defend the invasion of Rouran, Northern Wei set many (initially six) military towns in the north, and turned the northern part into military districts. After shifting the capital city from Pingcheng to Luoyang, Northern Wei gradually lost many territories to Rouran and northwestern states. Then, those military towns rebelled and weakened the Xianbei empire. At last, the internal struggle split Northern Wei into Eastern Wei and Western Wei, which would be replaced by Northern Qi and Northern Zhou, respectively. Northern Qi and Northern Zhou invaded the Southern Dynasties and occupied many areas of the Chen dynasty. In their early years, both Northern Qi and Northern Zhou redesigned the administrative divisions. Many provinces of the former Northern Wei dynasty were abolished and merged with each other. Some new provinces were established. Provinces of Northern Qi include: Youzhou Shuozhou Sizhou Eastern Xuzhou Yuzhou Yangzhou Luozhou Bingzhou Jinzhou () Huaizhou Eastern Yongzhou Jianzhou Provinces of Northern Zhou include: Yongzhou Jingzhou Xiangzhou Anzhou Xingzhou Jinzhou () Liangzhou () Lizhou Yizhou Jiangzhou () Yuanzhou Qinzhou Xunzhou Yuzhou Zhongzhou Hezhou Liangzhou ()