The OPC Foundation (Open Platform Communications, formerly Object Linking and Embedding for Process Control) is an industry consortium that creates and maintains standards for open connectivity of industrial automation devices and systems, such as industrial control systems and process control generally. The OPC standards specify the communication of industrial process data, alarms and events, historical data and batch process data between sensors, instruments, controllers, software systems, and notification devices. The OPC Foundation started in 1994, as a task force comprising five industrial automation vendors (Fisher-Rosemount, Rockwell Software, Opto 22, Intellution, and Intuitive Technology), with the purpose of creating a basic OLE for Process Control specification. OLE is a technology developed by Microsoft Corporation for the MS Windows operating system. The task force released the OPC standard in August 1996. The OPC Foundation was chartered to continue development of interoperability specifications and includes manufacturers and users of devices instruments, controllers, software and enterprise systems. The OPC Foundation cooperates with other organizations, such as MTConnect, who share similar missions. OPC standards and specification groups OPC Data Access This group of standards provides specifications for communicating real-time data from data acquisition devices such as PLCs to display and interface devices like Human-Machine Interfaces (HMI). The specifications focus on the continuous communication of data OPC Alarms and Events Standards for communicating alarm and event data on demand, as opposed to the continuous communications in the OPC Data Access group OPC Batch Standards to address the needs of batch processes OPC Data eXchange This group of standards addresses server to server communications across industrial networks. The standards also address remote configuration, diagnostics, monitoring and management communications OPC Historical Data Access Standards for communicating stored data OPC Security Standards for controlling client access to OPC compliant devices and systems OPC XML-DA Builds on the OPC Data Access specifications to communicate data in XML. Incorporates SOAP and Web services OPC Complex Data Standards for specifying the communication of complex data types such as binary data and XML documents OPC Commands Standards for communicating control commands to devices and systems OPC Unified Architecture An entirely new set of standards that incorporates all of the functionality of the above standards (and more), but does so using cross platform web services and other modern technology. OPC Certification The OPC Foundation has a well established Certification Process. The OPC Foundation calls this the OPC Enhanced Certification Program. The OPC Foundation enhanced