King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) (, – short: ), after 1975 as the University of Petroleum and Minerals and initially as the College of Petroleum and Minerals, is a nonprofit institution in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Among Saudi Arabian universities, its science, engineering, business, and management programs are highly regarded in the country as well as in the whole region. In 2022, KFUPM was ranked in the 163rd position according the QS World University Rankings, and was ranked the third university in the Arab region. The university was ranked fourth, by the American National Academy of Inventors, among the top 100 worldwide universities for granting US Utility Patents in 2019, and ranked 14th in 2020. Stanford University has recently released a list of the top 2 percent of the most-cited scientists in various disciplines. The exhaustive list has 186,177 researchers, of which 81 conducted research at KFUPM. KFUPM is engaged in many research collaborations with world-renowned universities such as MIT, Georgia Tech, Caltech, and Stanford University. It also has partnerships and close ties with key players in the industry and corporations like Saudi Aramco, SABIC, electric and telecommunications companies, local financial institutions, as well as government entities. History KFUPM is a premier university in Saudi Arabia, the Middle East, and North Africa regions. KFUPM was established on September 23, 1963, by a Saudi royal decree as the College of Petroleum and Minerals, to provide high-level education in the academic fields of petroleum and minerals, two of the most valuable natural resources in Saudi Arabia. The first students were admitted on September 23, 1964, when 67 young men enrolled in what was then named the College of Petroleum and Minerals (CPM). It was elevated to university status in 1975 when it expanded its academic offerings in science, engineering, technology, business, and management. In 1984 the Program of Industrial and Systems Engineering was first introduced. The university was renamed after King Fahd in 1986. Since that time, enrollment has grown to over 10,000 students by the 2021 academic year and has graduated more than 39,000 students since its inception. In 2019 the university put in place a transformation plan whose primary goal is to support the transformation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from a natural resource monetizing economy primarily focused on oil and gas resources, into a diversified knowledge economy, to position the Kingdom as an active participant of