characters. For each character, the text shows its meaning (Korean Hanja: ; or ) and sound (Korean Hanja: ; ). The vocabulary to represent the has remained unchanged in every edition, despite the natural evolution of the Korean language since then. However, in the editions Gwangju Thousand Character Classic and Seokbong Thousand Character Classic, both written in the 16th century, there are a number of different meanings expressed for the same character. The types of changes of in Seokbong Thousand Character Classic into those in Gwangju Thousand Character Classic fall roughly under the following categories: Definitions turned more generalized or more concrete when semantic scope of each character had been changed Former definitions were replaced by synonyms Parts of speech in the definitions were changed From these changes, replacements between native Korean and Sino-Korean can be found. Generally, "rare vocabularies" are presumed to be pre-16th century, for it is thought that they may be a fossilized form of native Korean vocabulary or affected by the influence of a regional dialect in Jeolla Province. South Korean senior scholar, Daesan Kim Seok-jin (Korean Hangul: ), expressed the significance of Thousand Character Classic by contrasting the Western concrete science and the Asian metaphysics and origin-oriented thinking in which "it is the collected poems of nature of cosmos and reasons behind human life". The first 44 characters of the Thousand Character Classic were used on the reverse sides of some Sangpyeong Tongbo cash coins of the Korean mun currency to indicate furnace or "series" numbers. Manchu texts Several different Manchu texts of the Thousand Character Classic are known today. They all use the Manchu script to transcribe Chinese characters. They are utilized in research on Chinese phonology. The Man han ciyan dzi wen () written by Chen Qiliang (), contains Chinese text and Manchu phonetic transcription. This version was published during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor. Another text, the Qing Shu Qian Zi Wen () by You Zhen (), was published in 1685 as a supplement to the Baiti Qing Wen (). It provides Manchu transcription without original Chinese. It is known for being referred to by Japanese scholar Ogyū Sorai for Manchu studies as early as the 18th century. The undated ciyan dzi wen which is owned by the Bibliothèque nationale de France is a variant of the Qing Shu Qian Zi Wen. It is believed to have been used by the