State, and Utopia, together with Rothbard's For a New Liberty (1973) and Ayn Rand's essays on political philosophy, "defined the 'hard-core' version of modern libertarianism, which essentially restated Spencer's law of equal freedom: Individuals have the right to do whatever they want to do, so long as they respect the equal rights of others." In the article "Social Unity and Primary Goods", republished in his Collected Papers (1999), Rawls notes that Nozick handles Sen's liberal paradox in a manner that is similar to his own. However, the rights that Nozick takes to be fundamental and the basis for regarding them to be such are different from the equal basic liberties included in justice as fairness and Rawls conjectures that they are thus not inalienable. In Lectures on the History of Political Philosophy (2007), Rawls notes that Nozick assumes that just transactions are "justice preserving" in much the same way that logical operations are "truth preserving". Thus, as explained in Distributive justice above, Nozick holds that repetitive applications of "justice in holdings" and "justice in transfer" preserve an initial state of justice obtained through "justice in acquisition or rectification". Rawls points out that this is simply an assumption or presupposition and requires substantiation. In reality, he maintains, small inequalities established by just transactions accumulate over time and eventually result in large inequalities and an unjust situation. See also American philosophy Constitutional economics Liberalism and the Limits of Justice Rule according to higher law Night-watchman state References Bibliography Robinson, Dave & Groves, Judy (2003). Introducing Political Philosophy. Icon Books. . Nozick, Robert. The Examined Life. External links Rothbard, Murray: Robert Nozick and the Immaculate Conception of the State A distillation of Jonathan Wolff's criticisms of Nozick "The Squirrel and the State" – A Criticism of Nozick's Argument for the State by Nicolás Maloberti (The Independent Review 14.3, 2010) Robert Nozick's Political Philosophy, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1974 non-fiction books American non-fiction books Basic Books books Books by Robert Nozick Books in political philosophy English-language books Libertarian books National Book Award-winning works Philosophical literature Works about John Rawls