detached from acknowledging this Warsangeli obligation. According to Roy Irons, this was because of Warsangeli support of Dervish in the mid 1900s: Urabi Revolt and exile This control of the country by Europeans was unacceptable to many Egyptians, who united behind a disaffected Colonel Ahmed Urabi. The Urabi Revolt consumed Egypt. Hoping the revolt could relieve him of European control, Ismail did little to oppose Urabi and gave into his demands to dissolve the government. Britain and France took the matter seriously, and insisted in May 1879 on the reinstatement of the British and French ministers. With the country largely in the hands of Urabi, Ismail could not agree, and had little interest in doing so. As a result, the British, and French governments pressured the Ottoman Sultan Abdülhamid II to depose Ismail Pasha, and this was done on 26 June 1879. The more pliable Tewfik Pasha, Ismail's eldest son, was made his successor. Ismail Pasha left Egypt and initially went into exile to Resina, today Ercolano near Naples, until 1885 when he was eventually permitted by Sultan Abdülhamid II to retire to his palace in Emirgan on the Bosporus in Constantinople. There he remained, more or less a state prisoner, until his death. According to TIME magazine, he died while trying to guzzle two bottles of champagne in one draft. He was later buried in Cairo. Legacy Although as the Khedive, Ismail spoke Turkish and could not speak Arabic, under his reign, Arabic use gradually increased at the expense of Turkish, which had been the language of the ruling elite in the Nile delta for hundreds of years. In the following decades Arabic would further expand and eventually replace Turkish in the army and administration, leaving Turkish only to be used in correspondence with the Ottoman Sultan in Constantinople. Honours Order of Glory, Nichan Iftikhar Grand Cordon (civil) of the Order of Leopold, 10 February 1863 Order of Nobility, Special Class, 1863 Order of Osmanieh, Special class, 1863 Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Leopold, 1864 Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Mexican Eagle, 1865 Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword, 27 July 1866 Honorary Grand Cross (civil) of the Order of the Bath, 18 December 1866 Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion, 1866 Knight of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation, 29 January 1867 Grand Cross of