45 degrees from the horizontal plane) complex geometries embedded deep into parts, such as conformal cooling channels batch production of multiple parts produced in 3D arrays, a process called nesting Parts possess high strength and stiffness Good chemical resistance Various finishing possibilities (e.g., metallization, stove enameling, vibratory grinding, tub coloring, bonding, powder, coating, flocking) Bio compatible according to EN ISO 10993-1 and USP/level VI/121 °C Complex parts with interior components can be built without trapping the material inside and altering the surface from support removal. Fastest additive manufacturing process for printing functional, durable, prototypes or end user parts Wide variety of materials with characteristics of strength, durability, and functionality Due to the reliable mechanical properties, parts can often substitute typical injection molding plastics Disadvantages parts have porous surfaces; these can be sealed by several different post-processing methods such as cyanoacrylate coatings, or by hot isostatic pressing. See also 3D printing Desktop manufacturing Digital fabricator Direct digital manufacturing Fab lab Fused deposition modeling (FDM) Instant manufacturing, also known as direct manufacturing or on-demand manufacturing Rapid manufacturing Rapid prototyping RepRap Project Solid freeform fabrication Stereolithography (SLA) Von Neumann universal constructor References External links DMLS – DEVELOPMENT HISTORY AND STATE OF THE ART Selective Laser Sintering, Birth of an Industry Laser sintering, melting and others – SLS, SLM, DMLS, DMP, EBM, SHS American inventions 3D printing processes Laser applications Metalworking