a view be ideologically 'backwards' and left behind from the current state of the dialectic and not themselves be part of what is actively creating the dialectic as-it-is. Gentile thought this was absurd, and that there was no 'positive' independently existing dialectical object. Rather, the dialectic was natural to the state, as-it-is. Meaning that the interests composing the state are composing the dialectic by their living organic process of holding oppositional views within that state, and unified therein. It being the mean condition of those interests as ever they exist. Even criminality is unified as a necessarily dialectic to be subsumed into the state and a creation and natural outlet of the dialectic of the positive state as ever it is. This view (influenced by the Hegelian theory of the state) justified the corporative system, where in the individualized and particular interests of all divergent groups were to be personably incorporated into the state ("Stato etico") each to be considered a bureaucratic branch of the state itself and given official leverage. Gentile, rather than believing the private to be swallowed synthetically within the public as Marx would have it in his objective dialectic, believed that public and private were a priori identified with each other in an active and subjective dialectic: one could not be subsumed fully into the other as they already are beforehand the same. In such a manner each is the other after their own fashion and from their respective, relative, and reciprocal, position. Yet both constitute the state itself and neither are free from it, nothing ever being truly free from it, the state (as in Hegel) existing as an eternal condition and not an objective, abstract collection of atomistic values and facts of the particulars about what is positively governing the people at any given time. Works On the Comedies of Antonfranceso Grazzi, "Il Lasca" (1896) A Criticism of Historical Materialism (1897) Rosmini and Gioberti (1898) The philosophy of Marx (1899) The Concept of History (1899) The teaching of philosophy in high schools (1900) The scientific concept of pedagogy (1900) On the Life and Writings of B. Spaventa (1900) Hegelian controversy (1902) Secondary school unit and freedom of studies (1902) Philosophy and empiricism (1902) The Rebirth of Idealism (1903) From Genovesi to Galluppi (1903) Studies on the Roman Stoicism of the 1st century BC (1904) High School Reforms (1905) The son of G. B. Vico