studio album Bummed, which was produced by Martin Hannett, in November 1988. To promote it, the band supported James and Pixies on separate tours, as well as headlining treks of their own in the United Kingdom. The album's lead single "Wrote for Luck" became the defining track of the acid house era. Scott Plagenhoef of Stylus considered the album "the perfect summation of the 1988 British Summer of Love". "Wrote for Luck" was remixed by DJ Paul Oakenfold, with assistance from Steve Osborne, and Vince Clarke of Erasure. The remixes, under the name "W.F.L.", appeared in September 1989, peaking at number 68 on the UK Singles Chart. Happy Mondays' second EP Madchester Rave On was released in November 1989, again produced by Hannett. It peaked at number 19 on the UK Singles Chart. Oakenfold and Osborne were enlisted again to create remixes, which were successful commercially and critically. Around this time, the band appeared on Top of the Pops with the Stone Roses, which acted as a catalyst for the Madchester scene. Relationships between band members became strained, while manager Nathan McGough spent more time partying than assisting them. Frontman Shaun Ryder was especially disconnected from the others, using heroin as a crutch. In February 1990, Happy Mondays' label in the United States, Elektra Records, picked them to contribute a cover for a 40th anniversary compilation album. Happy Mondays initially considered doing a Tom Waits track, until someone suggested John Kongos; they recorded Kongos' "He's Gonna Step on You Again" (1971) at Eden Studios in London. At the suggestion of McGough, Oakenfold and Osborne produced the song, marking the first time either of them did so. Unbeknownst to Happy Mondays, Oakenfold and Osborne added vocals from session musician Rowetta, who had met McGough some weeks earlier at the Haçienda in Manchester. As the band thought their cover would be wasted on the Elektra compilation, they gave the label a rendition of another Kongos song, "Tokoloshe Man" (1971). In March 1990, they embarked on a tour of mainland Europe, leading into two headlining shows at the G-Mex centre in Manchester. The band's version of Kongos' track, shortened to "Step On", was released as a single on 26 March 1990. The song's music video was filmed while in Barcelona on the roof of a hotel, with directors The Bailey Brothers. The band set up in a rehearsal room in Stretford to write