expressions or manifestations of the same psychological tendency, a concept which is complementary to, or which rather reconciles, the apparent conflict. Freud preferred to emphasize the psychoanalytic implications of the reification of metaphysical forces, but with particular emphasis on its familial nature. This emphasis underscores, rather than weakens, the ancestral component. Domestic deities and ancestor worship Jacob Grimm (1835) European folklorist Jacob Grimm did not hesitate to equate the Roman lar familiaris to the brownie. He explains in some detail in his Deutsche Mythologie: Thomas Keightley (1870) To underscore the equivalence of brownie, kobold and goblin, consider the words of the English historian and folklorist Thomas Keightly: MacMichael (1907) MacMichael elaborated his views on the folkloric belief complex as follows: New International Encyclopaedia Demonstrating that this evolution and functional equivalence has generally come to be accepted, and that their nature is indeed that proposed by Grimm, one may refer to the early twentieth century New International Encyclopaedia: and also Origin of ancestor worship in animism Hearn (1878) William Edward Hearn, a noted classicist and jurist, traced the origin of domestic deities from the earliest stages as an expression of animism, a belief system thought to have existed also in the neolithic, and the forerunner of Indo-European religion. In his analysis of the Indo-European household, in Chapter II "The House Spirit", Section 1, he states: In Section 2 he proceeds to elaborate: George Henderson (1911) George Henderson elaborated on the presumed origin of ancestor worship in animism: List Specific deities Domestic or hearth goddesses from various mythologies include: European Agathodaemon in Ancient Greek religion Aitvaras in Lithuanian mythology Berehynia (originally a river spirit, since 1991 has become a hearth goddess in Ukrainian Romantic nationalism) Brighid, a goddess in Ancient Celtic religion Brownie or Urisk in Scottish folklore Bwbachod in Welsh folklore Cofgodas in Anglo-Saxon paganism Domovoy in Slavic paganism Frigg, a goddess in Old Norse religion Gabija, a goddess in Baltic paganism Haltija, or Haldjas in Finnish paganism, Finnish folklore, and Estonian folklore. Heinzelmännchen in German folklore Hestia, a goddess in Greek paganism Hob, Lubber fiend, and Puck in English folklore Húsvættir, Norse Jack o' the bowl in Swiss folklore Kikimora in Slavic paganism Kobold in German folklore Lares in Ancient Roman religion Lutin in French folklore Matka Gabia, a goddess in Slavic paganism Monaciello, Monachiccio, Mamucca, Lu Laùru, Aguriellu, or Mazapegol in Italian folklore Penates, in Ancient Roman religion Safa,