quality of the repair had caused or contributed to the accident. Aftermath and commemoration The Civil Aviation Authority was criticised for not implementing stringent safety regulations earlier. The swift incursion of the fire into the fuselage and the layout of the aircraft impaired passenger evacuation, with areas such as the forward galley area becoming a particular bottleneck. Of those unable to escape, 48 died as a result of incapacitation and subsequently lethal toxic gas and smoke inhalation, some very close to the exits, with six dying from burns. The use of smoke hoods or misting systems was also examined. The tragedy haunted captain Peter Terrington, who struggled with survivor's guilt for the remainder of his life and discussed the accident with his family "nearly every day." According to his wife Joan, he was "completely devastated that passengers had lost their lives," and always questioned whether he should have done more. He retired from flying at age 52, after 32 years as a pilot, becoming a counsellor for elderly people dealing with depression and loneliness. He continuously attended the annual memorial service at Manchester Airport for the flight's victims, remaining concerned that all lessons learned from the accident should be fully implemented in practice. Diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in his later years, Terrington died in February 2016 at age 70 following a brief illness. In August 2018, a memorial commemorating the victims was unveiled near the accident site. Awards The surviving cabin crew, Arthur Bradbury and Joanna Toff, and two members of the Manchester Airport Fire Service, Fireman Samuel Lyttle and Fireman Eric Arthur Westwood, were all awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal, and the two flight attendants who died, Sharon Ford and Jacqui Urbanski, received the same award posthumously. Their collective citation stated in summary: Appearance in media The accident was the subject of a 1985 World in Action investigation. In 2010, this accident was reconstructed for a season-9 episode of Mayday (Air Crash Investigation) entitled "Panic on the Runway" or "Manchester Runway Disaster", showing computer simulations of the incident, as well as interviews with Captain Terrington, survivors, and the air crash investigators. See also Penhallow Hotel fire Similar events Korean Air Flight 2708 Emirates Flight 521 British Airways Flight 2276 Aeroflot Flight 1492 American Airlines Flight 383 (2016) Delta Air Lines Flight 1288 Pacific Western Airlines Flight 501 Tibet Airlines Flight 9833 References Citations Bibliography External links Report No: 8/1988.