the Incoherence), Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (Matalib al-'Aliya), John Duns Scotus and Antonio Rubio (Commentarii in libros Aristotelis Stagiritae de Coelo). The modern philosophical use of the notion was pioneered by David Lewis and Saul Kripke. See also Standard translation, an embedding of modal logics into first-order logic which captures their possible world semantics N-universes Modal fictionalism Fictionalism Impossible world Modal realism Extended modal realism Alternate history Molinism Multiverse References Further reading D.M. Armstrong, A World of States of Affairs (1997. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) John Divers, Possible Worlds (2002. London: Routledge) Paul Herrick, The Many Worlds of Logic (1999. Oxford: Oxford University Press) Chapters 23 and 24. David Lewis, On the Plurality of Worlds (1986. Oxford & New York: Basil Blackwell) Michael J. Loux [ed.] The Possible and the Actual (1979. Ithaca & London: Cornell University Press) G.W. Leibniz, Theodicy'' (2001. Wipf & Stock Publishers) Brian Skyrms, "Possible Worlds, Physics and Metaphysics" (1976. Philosophical Studies 30) External links "Possible worlds: what they are good for and what they are" — Alexander Pruss. Possibility Modal logic Semantics Linguistics Concepts in logic Conceptual modelling Interpretation (philosophy) Possible worlds