that the standard could not have intended threatened species to be certified and that the goal for threatened species should be zero catch. Further, that because orange roughy was listed under the EPBC Act that it should be considered as an endangered, threatened and protected (ETP) species as part of MSC Principle 2 and could therefore not also be considered as a target or subject stock under Principle 1. In her second decision (February 2021) the Arbitrator summarised her decision by stating, "This particular stock is, according to the CAB and I have no reason within my limited remit, to disagree with this view, well managed and currently sustainably fished in terms of the prevailing science. I do acknowledge therefore that the remand decision will be all the more unwelcome by the CAB and the fishery client. However, the difficulty, in my view, lies in the narrow terms of the Standard when read against the Australian ETP legislation. It is not open to me to go beyond my interpretation, in light of any views I might have on the otherwise sustainability of the stock and the suitability of the unit of assessment for certification. The remedy to this lies outside of this process in seeking a change either to the Australian legislation or clarity in the Standard. The Fishery Client subsequently withdrew the stock from assessment. Documents from the objection process can be found here https://fisheries.msc.org/en/fisheries/australia-orange-roughy-eastern-zone-trawl/@@assessments. The precedent set by this decision has raised questions about the future of MSC in Australia given that a number of fish species involved in existing MSC certificates are listed under the EPBC Act. The current apparent incompatibility of the MSC Standard and Australian legislation is one reason why the MSC system has been so slow to develop in Australia and that Australian consumers have little recognition of the MSC brand. See also List of fish common names References "Orange Roughy Fact Card" Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch. Retrieved March 2, 2005. (PDF file.) "Biology of Orange Roughy" Orange Roughy Management Co. Ltd. Retrieved March 2, 2005. Further reading Clover, Charles. 2004. The End of the Line: How overfishing is changing the world and what we eat. Ebury Press, London. Earle, Sylvia. 2009. The World is Blue. National Geographic. Tim Pankhurst. 2017 Roughy on the Rise. External links Environmental concerns Fishes of Australia : Hoplostethus atlanticus orange roughy Commercial fish orange roughy Fish of