"who hit the button on Darfur." In order to show the scale of the Janjawiid militia damage, Natsios ordered before and after satellite photos taken of villages in Darfur. He also commissioned a report on the expected death rates in Darfur, should the humanitarian response be insufficient or delayed. His warnings led to President Bush's use of political pressure on to Sudanese leader to try to stop the violence, as well as billions of dollars of aid being sent to Sudan. His position on funding for antiretrovirals in Sub Saharan Africa remains an enduring part of his career at USAID and was emblematic of the position of the US government of the time. In a statement prepared for the House of Representatives Committee on Foreign Relations in June 2001, he responded to a proposal for an increase in antiretroviral funding as suggested by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan: "If we had [antiretrovirals] today we could not distribute them. We could not administer the program because we do not have the doctors, we do not have the roads, we do not have the cold chain. This sounds small and some people, if you have traveled to rural Africa you know this, this is not a criticism, just a different world. People do not know what watches and clocks are. They do not use Western means for telling time." In an interview with the Fletcher Forum of World Affairs in 2003, he discussed how his thinking had changed, partly due to the impact of public pressure. "We are trying [a retroviral program in Ghana], and if it works, we are going to extend it. Anything we can do to reduce the spread of the disease, and keep people alive, we are going to do." As administrator, Natsios oversaw the creation and implementation of the first Global Development Alliances (GDAs) – partnerships between USAID and the private sector. In the first fifteen years of operation, more than 1,500 GDAs – involving over 3,500 partner organizations and valued at more than $20 billion – were created. Natsios also helped launch major presidential initiatives, including PEPFAR and the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI). After visiting a project site of a USAID designed and funded program, but seeing no mention of USAID, Natsios reported that he was motivated to start a branding campaign, and ensure that credit was being appropriately given. The USAID logo was put on