The Mausoleum of the Dukes of Palmela, situated at the southern edge of the Prazeres Cemetery in Lisbon, Portugal, is the largest private mausoleum in Europe, with a space for a houndred coffins. It was built in 1849 by the architect Giuseppe Cinatti (a prominent Freemason) on commission from Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Duke of Palmela. The mausoleum combines on its outside several symbols linked to freemasonry: the black and white diamond paving of the avenue leading to the Doric portico, the columns evoking Solomon's Temple, the seven steps of the entrance. The family is buried in the chapel and, outside, the remains of the family servants are buried (women on the north side, men on the south side). The mausoleum also houses some notable works of art, including a cenotaph of Alexandre de Sousa Holstein by Antonio Canova, in Carrara marble, two tomb chests (one designed by the Teixeira Lopes brothers and the other by Germano José de Salles) with bas-relief by Vítor Bastos, the tomb of D. Eugénia Francisca Xavier Teles da Gama, Duchess of Palmela, with a bas-relief by Teixeira Lopes representing the daily life of a hospital, and an expressive female figure by Célestin Anatole Calmels (who is also buried here, having been a friend and master of the 3rd Duchess of Palmela). The altar and the figure at the top of the pyramid, on the outside, are by Araújo Cerqueira. The recognised importance of this unique work of funerary architecture led Manuel de Sousa e Holstein Beck, Count of Póvoa, to donate it to Lisbon City Council in 1997, to whom it currently belongs. References Mausoleums in Portugal Lisbon