Francis Petrus Paulus (March 13, 1862 – February 2, 1933) was an American artist known for paintings and etchings, and for teaching. He often depicted scenes of Bruges, Belgium, where from 1898 he kept a studio and lived for part of each year; from 1905 he directed an art school in Bruges. His other home was his native Detroit, where he taught painting and drawing at the Detroit Art Museum, of which he became a trustee, and where he cofounded the Detroit Art Academy. Education He was born in Detroit in 1862, the son of Charles and Catherine Paulus. He attended the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, where his instructors included Thomas Eakins, whom Paulus later remembered as "very kindly and humorous." In Europe, Paulus became a pupil of Ludwig von Löfftz at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, and of Léon Bonnat at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Career to World War I Paulus was active as a painter, etcher, and educator. He taught painting and drawing at the Detroit Art Museum from 1880 to 1890. From 1896 to 1898 he was director of the Ann Arbor Art School. From 1895 to 1903 was a director of the Detroit Art Academy (later the Wicker School of Fine Arts), which he co-founded with Joseph W. Gies. From 1905 he directed an art school in Bruges. From 1898 he split his time between Detroit and Bruges, Belgium, where kept a studio and lived for part of each year, taking inspiration for his etchings from the markets, canals, and buildings of the city. He also spent time in Portugal, Spain, Italy, and Holland, and in Paris, where from 1904 to 1909 he exhibited paintings at the annual Paris Salon. In 1907 he exhibited paintings and etchings at the Exposition Générale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, and in 1908 his work appeared in the exhibit Bruges, ses Peintres: Exposition Internationale de Beaux-Arts. In 1908 and 1909, he exhibited at the London Salon of the Allied Artists' Association, held at the Royal Albert Hall. In 1912, he exhibited jointly with his friend the British sculptor Alfred Gilbert at the gallery Le Salon in London. In 1914, as World War I loomed, Paulus had two etchings accepted for the Exposition Générale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, scheduled to open May 9 and to close November 2. The German invasion began on August 4, and on August