Nilus (; 1809, Gallipoli, Eastern Thrace - November 12, 1887, Daphne, Athos) was metropolitan of Pentapolis under Patriarchate of Constantinople (1872-1887), and Patriarch of Alexandria during 1869–1870. Biography Born in Gallipoli in Eastern Thrace in 1809. In 1830 he went to Mount Athos, where Archimandrite Agathangel, abbot of the monastery Esphigmenou and his countryman, received him to the monastery brethren. In Esphigmenou he was tonsured a monk with the name Nilus. After a while, he fell ill with tuberculosis and was sent to Greek doctors in Smyrna for treatment. In addition to monastic work, Nilus was engaged in self-education and the study of foreign languages. As a result, Neil gained fame as one of the most educated people among Greeks. His administrative abilities and scholarship were noticed, and Archimandrite Agathangel sent him to Moldavia to manage one of the monastic estates. In the town of Huși, in the church of St. Elijah the Prophet, he was ordained a hieromonk by the local bishop. Soon Archimandrite Nilus was appointed to manage a large and wealthy Esphigmenou metoch in Florești, Bessarabia, then also to Three Saints Hierarchs metochs. At that time he was called Nilus the Esphigmenite () or Nilus Trierarchitis (). He was a supporter of Patriarch Nicanor of Alexandria in the unfolding difficult conflict between supporters and opponents of Patriarch Nicanor, who took the patriarchal throne in 1866. The opposition to Patriarch Nicanor was led by Archimandrite Eugene, who was appointed patriarchal epitrope and locum tenens of the Patriarchal Throne by the Council of Representatives of Local Greek Communities hostile to the Patriarch, which according to the charter was to manage the church jointly with the Patriarch and the Synod. Archimandrite Eugene and his followers succeeded in expelling two metropolitans who remained loyal to the patriarch from Egypt. In response to the actions of the communities and the Egyptian government, Patriarch Nicanor announced the appointment of Archimandrite Nilus from the monastery of Esphigmen as his successor and locum tenens. Archimandrite Eugene, whose powers were recognized by the local authorities, in response, with the help of his supporters and the police, decided to seize the patriarchal residence in Cairo. On July 2, 1867, there was a fight involving the police, many participants of which were injured, and the residence itself was looted by soldiers. With such a step, Archimandrite Eugene undermined his credibility. Patriarch Nicanor, in turn, held a council in