Husain (Persian: حُسین, romanized: Ḥusaīn, lit. 'handsome'; Persian pronunciation: [hsi:n]), born Ḥusaīn Shāh Chak (Persian: حُسین شاہ چَک, Kashmiri: حُسین شاہ ژَھک) was the second Chak Sultan, who succeeded his brother Ghazi Shah Chak after he abdicated the throne in Husain's favour in 1563. Husain was the 30th Sultan of Kashmir and ruled Kashmir firmly and justly till 1570. A well-built personality and a fortunate general under his father Kaji Shah and later under his elder brother Ghazi Shah, Husain gradually increased his power throughout the Valley and extended his realm in the hill states of Jammu, Kishtwar and Rajauri. He adopted the policies which were politically, culturally and economically enriched. Ruling through a centralised system of administration, he made his cabinet of ministers follow the strict and organised rules. To establish peace in his Sultanate, he constituted diplomatic and peaceful relationships with the foreign authorities. He also held co-operative and contributive talks with his subjects, helping them in their dire time. Husain is regarded as one of the foremost and the finest monarch of the Chak dynasty. Historiography The majority of the sources are found in Tarikh i Kashmir IV (History of Kashmir), completed in 1620-21 by Haidar Malik Chadurah, a medieval author and an administrator of Kashmir during the reign of Jahangir. Information regarding the reforms and struggle of the Chak rulers including Husain are often found in the Mughal books like the Akbarnama, Ain i Akbari or Tuzk i Jahangiri. Other works include the Tarikh i Kashmir I, completed in 1579 by Sayyid Ali while Tarikh i Kashmir II was written in 1590 by an unknown author. Tarikh i Kashmir III was completed during the times of Jahangir which presents a contemporary version of the rest of the books. Baharistan i Shahi ("Spring Orchard of the Royalty"), the finest of all the Medieval Kashmiri literature on the Sultanate, was written in 1614 as a Persian chronicle of the Medieval Kashmir. Other histories of Kashmir like Tarikh i Hassan, Waqiat i Kashmir and Tazkira Mashaikhin i Kashmir are the eighteenth and nineteenth century abridgements of the above works. Coinage Nasiru'd-Din Muhammad Husain Padshah Ghazi was engraved on the coin with 6.03g weight and dimensions 15 x 16 mm. This coin has a very attractive, bold style which is most unusual in the coinage series of the Kashmir Sultanate. Death The last days of Husain Shah's reign were clouded