In several ancient Indian texts, Nagnajit appears as the name of a king or kings who ruled Gandhara and/or neighbouring areas. Some texts also refer to Nagnajit as an authority on temple architecture or medicine. According to one theory, all these references are to a single person; another theory identifies them as distinct persons. Literary mentions Aitareya Brahmana describes Nagnajit as a king of Gandhara. He and other kings receive instructions from the sages Parvata and Narada regarding the substitute of Soma. The other kings include Somaka Sahadevya, Sahadeva Sarnjaya, Babhru Daivavrdha, and Bhima Vaidarbha. Shatapatha Brahmana describes Nagnajit as the king of Gandhara, naming Svarjit as his son. The text quotes his opinion regarding to the construction of a sacrificial altar, but rejects it because he belongs to the ruling class, not the priestly class. Kumbhakara Jataka, a Buddhist text, describes Naggaji or Naggati (Nagnajit) as the king of Gandhara and Kashmir, with his capital at Takshashila. He embraces Buddhism along with other kings - Dummukha of Uttara-Panchala-rashtra, Nimi of Videha, Karandu of Kalinga, and Bhima of Vidarbha. Uttaradhyayana-sutra, a Jaina text, describes Naggai (Nagnajit) alias Silaraha as the ruler of Pundra-vardhana in Gandhara. The text mentions Dummukha of Uttara-Panchala-rashtra, Nimi of Videha, and Karandu of Kalinga as his contemporaries. It states that Naggai renounced the world and achieved liberation. Uttaradhyayana-tika, a commentary on Uttaradhyayana-sutra, states that king Silaraha came to be known as Naggai after he married a beautiful damsel living on a mansion on a mountain, and started visiting her every fifth day. The king later built a city and Jaina shrines on the mountain. Avashyaka-churni, a Jaina text, describes Naggai as the ruler of Purusha-pura (present-day Peshawar). Mahabharata describes Nagnajit alias Subala as an incarnation of the demon Ishupad (or Ishupa), and a disciple of Prahalada. He has a son named Shakuni, and a daughter named Gandhari. Karna goes to Giri-vraja (located in the north-west), and defeats Nagnajit and others. Krishna defeats the sons of Nagnajit. The Karna-parvan section of the text suggests that Nagnajitah were a people distinct from the Gandharas. Harivamsha Purana describes Nagnajit alias Subala as an ally of Jarasandha; Nagnjit is embarrassed when Krishna defeats Jarasandha in a combat. Nagnajit's daughter Satya is one of the seven wives of Krishna. There are several references to Nagnajit as a scholar on temple architecture, sculpture, and painting: Matsya Purana describes him as one of