they could calibrate against the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale, the macroseismic intensity scale in use in the U.S. The numerical assignment of intensities from questionnaires lent itself naturally to automating the entire process of data collection, intensity assignment, and publishing via the internet, which today creates community-sourced maps of perceived intensity after an earthquake. DYFI has been operating for over two decades (1999–2022) in the U.S. and nearly 18 years globally. The survey has collected over 6 million individual DYFI intensity reports during that period. DYFI allows for high rates and quantities of macroseismic data collection. High-quality MMI maps can be made almost immediately with complete coverage at a higher resolution than in the past. ShakeCast In and around 2000, via contacts with the Caltech ERA, Wald began interacting with many utility and lifeline operators. A common query was, "Given a ShakeMap, how can I tell what the level of shaking was at each of my facilities?” Working initially with Phil Naecker, an IT and infrastructure consultant, and with support from Loren Turner of the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), David's team prototyped ShakeCast—short for ShakeMap Broadcast. ShakeCast was developed as a post-earthquake situational awareness application that automatically retrieves earthquake shaking data from ShakeMap to compare ground shaking intensity measures against a user’s facilities. ShakeCast is now a fully automated software system for delivering specific ShakeMap products to critical users and triggering established post-earthquake response protocols. ShakeCast generates potential damage assessments and inspection priority notifications, maps, and web-based products for critical users, emergency managers, and anyone specified on a need-to-know basis. PAGER - (Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response) The primary purpose of the PAGER system is to inform emergency responders, government and aid agencies, and the media regarding the potential scope of the disaster. Earthquake alerts—formerly sent based on event magnitude and location or population exposure to shaking—are generated based on the estimated range of fatalities and economic losses. PAGER is now an automated USGS system that generates information concerning the impact of significant earthquakes worldwide within approximately 20 minutes of any Magnitude>5.4 events. PAGER rapidly assesses earthquake impacts by combining data about populations exposed to estimated levels of shaking intensity with models of economic and fatality losses based on past earthquakes in each country or region of the world. Awards 2004 - Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology / Seismological Society of America’s Distinguished Lecturer 2009 -