issues Modern fiqh literature covers a range of contemporary issues, such as technology, medical ethics, family planning, and modern economic systems, with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of Islamic law and its relevance to modern life. The Ulama of Deoband have contributed significantly to this field by exploring the old fiqh literature and compiling unprecedented classical fiqh literature. Their works have become one of the most important sources of modern fiqh literature. For example, Muhammad Shafi Deobandi wrote Alat-e-Jadida ke Shar'i Ahkam (Shari'ah rulings of modern tools), which explores the Islamic perspective on modern technology. Other notable works of modern fiqh literature include Minnatullah Rahmani's Islam awr Family Planning, which discusses the Islamic approach to family planning. Muhammad Taqi Amini wrote Islām aur Jadid Daur ke Masayil (Islam and the Issues of the Modern Age), which explores a range of modern issues from an Islamic perspective. Taqi Usmani's Fiqhi Maqalat is a collection of research papers on different modern issues of Fiqh, compiled in six volumes. Taqi Usmani wrote several works on modern economic issues, including Islam awr Jadid Ma'ishat w Tijarat (Islam and Modern Economy) in seven volumes and Islam awr Jadid Ma'ashi Masayil (Islam and Modern Economic Issues) in eight volumes. He also wrote Fiqh al-Buyu (Fiqhi Rulings of Business) in two volumes. Badrul Hasan Qasmi's Asr-e-Hadir ke Jadid Masayil (Modern Contemporary Issues) discusses the challenges of modern times from an Islamic perspective. Other notable works of modern fiqh literature include Halal-o-Haram (Lawful and Unlawful) by Khalid Saifullah Rahmani and Islami Bankari ki Bunyadein (Foundations of Islamic Banking) by Taqi Usmani. Ubaidullah Asadi's Al-Riba (Usury and Interest) explores the Islamic perspective on interest, while his Taḥdid Nasl awr Islami Ta'limat (Family Planning and Islamic Teachings) discusses family planning in light of Islamic teachings. Burhanuddin Sambhali's Maujūda Masayil ka Shar'i Ḥal provides a Shari'ah-compliant solution to modern economic issues, while his Jadid Medical Masayil tackles modern medical issues. Sambhali's Bank Insurance awr Sarkari Qarde offers insights into Islamic financial principles related to bank insurance and government loans. Khalid Saifullah Rahmani's Jadid Fiqhi Masayil comprise a five-volume collection of modern Fiqhi rulings, while Shabbir Ahmad Qasmi's Idah al-Masayil and Iḍāḥ al-Nawadir are collections of research papers on Fiqhi and modern issues, respectively. Mujahidul Islam Qasmi has edited several collections of research papers, including Shares awr Company, Darurat-o-Hajat, Jadīd Tijarati Shaklain, Awqaf, and Mabāḥith-e-Fiqhiya, which cover topics ranging from