Sir Cyril Clerke Graham, 5th Baronet (1834–1895) was an English diplomat and colonial administrator. He became known as a traveller in the Transjordan. He also published a paper on the Avar language based on a journey from the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus area in 1873. Background He was the third son of Sir Sandford Graham, 2nd Baronet, and his wife Caroline Langston, third daughter of John. He was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1851, matriculating in 1852. His brother Sandford, the 3rd Baronet, died in 1875 leaving no children. The second son Lumley then became the 4th Baronet. Travels In 1856–7 Graham travelled through Africa to Egypt, including a journey up the River Nile. In 1857–8 he travelled in the Hauran, at the same time as Johann Gottfried Wetzstein, a Prussian diplomat based in Damascus, was also independently journeying and reporting on the area. They both made known the Roman fort at Nemara (Nimreh). His 1857 trip aroused considerable interest in Germany. Wetzstein's six-week exploration in 1858 was prompted by Carl Ritter, who was aware of a paper Graham had written in the Journal of the Royal Geographical Society. In transit from Britain to Syria, Graham stopped in Berlin and met up with Christian Charles Josias von Bunsen, another Prussian diplomat: it is assumed that they had become acquainted during von Bunsen's time in London. Heinrich Kiepert had collated information on Graham's previous travels for a map illustrating a report on those by Wetzstein. Continuing his journeys, Graham travelled on in 1858–9 to Egypt, sailed to Arabia, and returned overland to Cairo. At this point, he met Lord Dufferin, who was looking for assistance in an excavation at Deir el-Bahari. Graham joined him, and the two became good friends. In the summer of 1859 they rode together from Beirut to Damascus, then over Mount Lebanon to Jerusalem. They took Dufferin's yacht from Jaffa and returned to London via Athens and an overland route, in January 1860. Diplomat The outbreak of the 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus brought the attention of the British Foreign Office to Lebanon and Syria. In July of that year Lord John Russell created the "Dufferin commission" of enquiry into the violence, which Dufferin led to 1861. Graham himself had hoped to be the commissioner, but his views on the situation were not acceptable to the Foreign Office. Graham accompanied Dufferin on