the Baptist Community of Congo, the Catholic Church of Burundi, and certain churches in Kenya and Nigeria. Other conditions Other conditions which have been the subject of mandatory premarital testing include: Genetic conditions Gonorrhea Rubella United States Prior to 1935 As early as 1913, a number of US states had laws in effect concerning marriage and venereal disease, though many targeted only the husband and not the wife. For example, in Alabama, North Dakota, Oregon and Wisconsin, male applicants for a marriage license were required to submit a medical certificate stating that they were free of venereal disease. Other states, including Indiana, Michigan, New Jersey, Oklahoma, and Vermont, forbade a person having a venereal disease from marrying, but had no measures in place for enforcing this. In total, 25 states passed some form of early "eugenic marriage laws", though only a minority required a blood test. 1935–1950s A wave of more effective laws requiring blood tests for both partners were passed by state legislatures between 1935 and 1950, beginning with Connecticut's "premarital examination law", which served as a model for other states. The Connecticut law required both parties undergo a blood test for syphilis and a physical examination. The spread of these laws was abetted by Surgeon General Thomas Parran, who, during this period, embarked on a public health campaign to reduce syphilis rates and inform the public about the disease. Premarital blood testing requirements were also supported by the American eugenics movement, which regarded them as one measure to prevent reproduction of the unfit. In 1937, five states passed premarital examination laws similar to that of Connecticut, with a further twelve states doing the same from 1938 to 1939. By 1954, all but eight states and the District of Columbia required premarital blood tests. The laws were very popular with the American public. For example, in a 1944 survey of readers of Woman's Home Companion, 98% of respondents answered yes to the question "Would you approve a national law which would require premarital blood tests to check venereal disease?". Repeals American premarital examination laws were gradually repealed between the 1970s and early 2000s. The primary reason cited for these repeals was that testing was no longer cost effective given the low prevalence of syphilis. The first state to repeal its premarital examination law was Maine in 1972. Most had been repealed by the early 2000s, with Mississippi being the