artillery support. The German response was swift, but 'the Royal Artillery's crashing defensive fire' prevented their counter-attacks from succeeding. Allied attempts to widen the bridgehead the following night were a failure, as were the other elements of the Cassino battle, which became a stalemate. For the Fourth and Final Battle of Monte Cassino (Operation Diadem), a battery of 102nd (PY) Medium Rgt supported the attack of II Polish Corps, beginning at 01.00 on 12 May. II Polish Corps HQ allocated this battery to 5th Kresowa Infantry Division, which tasked its artillery first with neutralising the German mortar positions, and then engaging the German posts on the successive hill objectives. However the counter-mortar fire was ineffective, the mortars being dug in on reverse slopes, and by the time the attacking battalions reached the bottom of their first objective, 'Phantom Ridge', they had already lost a fifth of their men. Nonetheless, elements of the Polish gained the ridge and remained on it despite fierce counter-attacks. Elsewhere along the line the massive Allied artillery support ensured a crossing of the Gari which began to outflank the hilltop Monte Cassino Monastery. The Poles renewed their attack from Phantom Ridge after four days, and on 18 May captured the monastery ruins. As the offensive continued to break through the German Winter Line, X Corps took up the attack. Amongst its artillery support was 2nd Army Group Royal Artillery (2nd AGRA) to which 102nd (PY) Medium Rgt was now attached. X Corps took part in the pursuit to Lake Trasimeno and subsequent advance to Florence. 2nd AGRA continued with X Corps during Operation Olive to breach the Gothic Line in August. For the Allied Spring 1945 offensive in Italy (Operation Grapeshot), 2nd AGRA supported V Corps with the fire of five medium regiments. The corps had the task of crossing the Senio, with the defenders dug into the flood banks. These presented a difficult target, so many of the guns were moved out to the flanks so they could fire along the flood banks in enfilade . By the end of the war the regiment was on the banks of the River Po. 102nd (Pembroke Yeomanry) Medium Regiment and its batteries passed into suspended animation on 15 January 1946. Postwar When the TA was reconstituted on 1 January 1947, 102nd (PY) Medium Rgt was reformed as 302 (Pembroke Yeomanry) Field Regiment. with RHQ at Haverfordwest. It