sheer rock walls. The fjords were produced by glaciation. The Laurentide Ice Sheet covered most of the mountains at least once, however during the last ice age the coverage was more limited. Currently, there are over 100 active small mountain glaciers in the Torngat Mountains with a total of about 195 ice masses in the region. Ecology Flora The Torngat Mountain tundra is characterized by sparse cover of arctic sedges, grass, lichen, and moss. Patches of mixed arctic evergreen and deciduous shrubs can be found on sheltered south-facing slopes, increasing in prevalence as one moves south. Fauna The tundra provides seasonal habitat for caribou, polar bears, and the only tundra-dwelling black bears in the world. In addition, the coastal area of this ecoregion lies along the Atlantic migratory flyway. Conservation The Torngat Mountains National Park Reserve was announced on 1 December 2005. It aims to protect wildlife (caribou, polar bears, peregrine falcon and golden eagle among others), while offering wilderness-oriented recreational activities. In popular culture In the CBC Series Geological Journey the Torngat mountains are featured. Notably, a billion-year-old coal seam (based on algae, not peat swamps) was discovered in the Torngat mountains on the Newfoundland Coast as part of the filming of the series. Backcountry Magazine ran a feature story written by Drew Pogge in 2009 on steep skiing in the Torngat Mountains, notably first descents in Nachvak and Saglek fjords, as well as on the Caubvick massif. See also List of ecoregions in Canada (WWF) Torngat Mountains National Park Kuururjuaq National Park References Further reading Ives, J. D. 1957. "Glaciation of the Torngat Mountains, Northern Labrador". Arctic. 10, no. 2: 67–87. Kobalenko, Jerry. 2007. "Ghost Coast - Kayaking the Foreboding Fiords of Torngat Mountains National Park". Canadian Geographic. 127, no. 3: 38. Schaefer, James A, and Stuard N Luttich. 1998. "Articles - Movements and Activity of Caribou, Rangifer Tarandus Caribou, of the Torngat Mountains, Northern Labrador and Quebec". The Canadian Field-Naturalist. 112, no. 3: 486. Way, R.G., Bell, T. and Barrand, N.E. 2014. "An inventory and topographic analysis of glaciers in the Torngat Mountains, northern Labrador, Canada". Journal of Glaciology. 60, no. 223: 945–956. Perkins, Robert "Against Straight Lines/Alone in Labrador" 1983 Perkins sets off on a journey in 1979 to remote Labrador crossing the Torngat Mountains from Atlantic Ocean to Ungavava Bay. External links Torngat Mountains Great photos of the mountain range Statistics Canada Principal heights by