I promessi sposi, including I promessi sposi (1908), The Betrothed (1941) The Betrothed (1990), and Renzo and Lucia, made for television in 2004. A "modern opera" version, called The Betrothed Lovers, was written and produced by Michele Guardi with music by Pippo Flora, and first performed in 2010. In May 2015, at a weekly general audience at St. Peter's Square, Pope Francis asked engaged couples to read the novel for edification before marriage. English translations Unabridged Three new translations (1834), one of them printed in New York under the title Lucia, The Betrothed. Two new translations (1844, 1845); the 1844 translation was the one most reprinted in the 19th century The Betrothed (1924), by Daniel J. Connor The Betrothed (1951, with later revisions), by Archibald Colquhoun, The Betrothed (1972), by Bruce Penman, Penguin Books, The Betrothed (2022), by Michael F. Moore, The Modern Library, . Review Abridged The Betrothed Lovers (1828), by the Rev. Charles Swan, published at Pisa. Promise of Fidelity (2002), by Omero Sabatini, Reviewing previous translations in 1972, Bruce Penham found that the vast majority of English translations used the first unrevised and inferior 1827 edition of the novel in Italian and often cut material unannounced. Film adaptations The novel has been adapted into films on several occasions including: The Betrothed (1923) The Betrothed (1941) The Betrothed (1964) I Promessi Sposi, Italian fiction produced by RAI in 1967, directed by Sandro Bolchi, screenplayed with Riccardo Bacchelli. I Promessi Sposi, Italian fiction parody produced by RAI in 1990, directed and interpreted by Il Trio (formed by Anna Marchesini, Massimo Lopez and Tullio Solenghi). See also Paride Zajotti References External links A review of The Betrothed written by Edgar Allan Poe in 1835 and published in the Southern Literary Messenger. 1834 English translation of The Betrothed from Project Gutenberg 1844 English translation of The Betrothed Complete Italian text of I promessi sposi 1827 novels 1842 novels Italian historical novels 19th-century Italian novels Italian-language works Catholic novels Italian novels adapted into films Fiction set in 1628 Fiction set in 1630 Novels set in the 1620s Novels set in the 1630s Novels set in Milan Alessandro Manzoni Novels adapted into operas