the mandate, it was assigned to internal security operations during the Jewish insurgency, with troops deployed at Haifa, in Galilee, and more guarding the northern border. In May 1948, as part of the general British withdrawal from Palestine, the division left and relocated to Tripoli, Libya (at the time, occupied by Anglo-French forces). The stay in Libya lasted until November 1951, when the division moved to the Ismailia region of Egypt, becoming part of an 80-000 strong garrison assigned to defend the Suez Canal and to protect British interests in the Middle East. This came shortly after the Egyptian government abrogated the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936, which was the basis for British troops to remain in Egypt to defend the canal. The ensuing political landscape saw increased animosity to the British presence eventually resulting in an agreement to withdraw British troops. Accordingly, the division arrived in the UK in November 1955 and then formed the British Army's strategic reserve. However, it was used as a source of manpower for formations overseas and was never brought up to full strength. On 30 June 1960, as there was now no need for an additional divisional headquarters in the UK, the 1st Infantry Division was disbanded. The following day, 1 July 1960, the 5th Division was redesignated as the 1st Division. The name change also saw the continuation of the 1st Division's insignia, rather than the 5th Divisions. The reformed 1st Division was based at Verden an der Aller, Germany, and became part of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR). At the end of the decade, the formation conducted divisional wide trials using the 'square brigade' concept. When they were deemed successful, in 1970, all brigades within the BAOR were reorganised in line with this concept. In the late 1960s, new anti-tank and defense in depth concepts were developed, as fears of a possible surprise attack by the Warsaw Pact grew within the BAOR. These new concepts were promoted by Major-General Edwin Bramall, when he took command of the 1st Division in January 1972. Bramall felt that there was an over reliance on the arrival of reinforcements to resist an offensive by the Soviet Union, rather than the BAOR being able to do so itself. Using the division, the new tactics were refined before being adopted by the BAOR and further worked on at a higher level in the mid-1970s. During the