an 8-month period in 2000, the Hells Angels had made a profit of $111,503,110 in Quebec. On 6 May 2002, Boucher was found guilty of two counts of first-degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment with no chance of parole for the next 25 years. André Bouchard, a Montreal police detective, told the media it was rumored that the American leadership of the Hells Angels wanted Boucher dead, saying: "We've heard that they [the Hells Angels leadership] in the United States got together and they said to take the fucker out. They say this is the guy who caused all the trouble." The Canadian scholar Stephen Schneider noted through Operation Springtime "hit the Hells Angels hard, the resilient motorcycle club quickly bounced back and even saw its membership increase". At the time of Operation Springtime in 2001, the Hells Angels in Quebec had 106 "full patch" members while by 2002 the number had risen to 124 "full patch" members. The arrest of every member of the Nomad chapter proved to be only an ephemeral blow only as the "drug trafficking network reounded" as the Trois-Rivières chapter quickly replaced the Nomad chapter as the coordinating chapter. Operation Amigo The Bandidos Canada had been looking to take advantage of this opportunity to regain territory lost and take new territory from the Angels. However a concurrent investigation, Operation Amigo, was under way targeting the Bandidos operations in Quebec and Ontario (only the chapters that patched over from the Rock Machine). This operation had initially gone under a different title and was created to target the Rock Machine as a result of the conflict in Quebec; when the Rock Machine patched over to the Bandidos, they became the main focus. On June 5, 2002, raids led to the arrests of 63 members of the Bandidos Canada (Rock Machine) including all of its Quebec members and many other associates. After Operation Amigo, the Bandidos had only 15 members left in Ontario. The Bandidos Canada themselves confirmed this in an official statement when they claimed that all chapters in Quebec had been frozen due to the members imprisonment. Because the operation initially targeted the Rock Machine before the subsequent "patch-over", chapters that had joined from the Loner's motorcycle club were not included in the raids. Giovanni Muscedere became the new national president to replace the arrested Alain Brunette. In July 2003 Brunette promptly capitulated to an