and the type with a contracted consciousness indicates the identity with introversion (Jung, [1921] 1971: par. 879). In Jung's monumental work Psychological Types, all of chapter VI, The Type Problem in Psychopathology, analyzes and reconciles Gross's theory as expressed in Die zerebrale Sekundärfunktion (1902) and Über psychopathische Minderwertigkeit (1903). Gross deserves full credit for being the first to set up a simple and consistent hypothesis to account for this [the extraverted] type (Jung, [1921] 1971: par. 466). In fiction Otto Gross, played by Vincent Cassel, is one of the characters in the 2011 film A Dangerous Method, which focused on the relations among Jung, Sabina Spielrein and Freud. As depicted in the film, Gross considerably influenced Jung's theories as well as Jung's private life, helping Jung to shed his inhibitions and start an extra-marital affair with Spielrein, Jung's patient who became his colleague and one of the first female psychoanalysts. According to Brenda Maddox, Otto Gross "talked all the time — even, if his portrait in D.H. Lawrence's novel Mr Noon is accurate, during sexual intercourse." Death Gross died of pneumonia, possibly related to drug addiction, in Berlin on 13 February 1920, after being found in the street, near-starved and freezing. Notes References Jung, C.G. (1971 [1921]). Psychological Types, Collected Works, Volume 6, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. . External links The responsibility of the Otto Gross Society is to research the social impact of the activity of the doctor, scientist, and revolutionary Otto Gross; to depict his influence on the development of intellectual history in the 20th century; and to make the results of this work publicly accessible through publications and meetings of all kinds. Gross, Otto Die Zerebrale Sekundärfunction. Leipzig : F. C. W. Vogel, 1902. Otto Gross Society 1877 births 1920 deaths Austrian psychoanalysts Austrian anarchists Philosophers of sexuality Deaths from pneumonia in Germany Austrian modern pagans Psychoanalysts from the Austro-Hungarian Empire