the most powerful reaction turbine (40 PS) in Europe and further expanded the cotton spinning factory. In 1853, 28.000 spindles were in use at the factory, which accounted for roughly a quarter of production in all of Baden. The company was nevertheless commercially unsuccessful. As a result of the financial crisis in Frankfurt and Karlsruhe as well as the revolution of 1848/1849 the company was shut down. The abbey buildings were sold to the textile fabricator Carl Wilhelm Grether and the banker Obermaier in 1852. Under the direction of Grether's son-in-law, Ernst Friedrich Krafft, the cotton-spinning factory was reopened and evolved into a business that would prosper many decades. After the big fire of the abbey in 1874, Krafft was also able to reconstruct the spinning factory and rule it successfully. By October 1931, however, it went bankrupt because of the global economy crisis. Between 1934 and 1939 and from 1946 onwards, the abbey housed the Jesuit-led boarding school Kolleg St. Blasien. During World War II, the building was used as a military hospital. The health resort – St. Blasien’s rise to a spa town with international reputation In 1882 the businessman Otto Hüglin began the construction of the health resort, which comprised a central building as well as others, which Hüglin throughout its first decade developed into a prestigious, colossal establishment with all modern conveniences. Roughly 200 rooms accommodate 300 people. Hüglin convinced Hermann Determann to oversee the spa's medical direction; he converted the resort into a highly efficient, water-based sanatorium. In 2014, after considerable research, it became known that from the middle of the 1880s to World War I, celebrities from all over the world frequently visited the spa of St. Blasien for treatments lasting several weeks. Among them were the pianist and founder of the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Hans von Bülow (1893), to whom the famous first piano concerto of Tschaikovsky is dedicated; the then world-renowned Polish pianist Józef Hofmann, who as a ten-year-old child made his legendary debut in New York in 1867; 15-year-old Prince Gawriil Konstantinowitsch Romanow of St. Petersburg (1902); Hermann Sudermann, the most performed dramatist of his time (1903); Otto Brahm, the head of German theater in Berlin (1903); Hugo Stinnes, an industrialist and the then-richest man in Germany (1903); the explorer Eugen Wolf (1903); the painter Fritz Mackensen (1905); the Grand Duke of Luxembourg, William IV, with his wife (1906); the writer