region. In the 13th century, the Caucasian Avars formed a new Muslim state, traditionally known as Avaristan. Rulers Abukhisro – (740) Avaz – (second half of the 9th century) Buht Isho I – (905) Philan Shah – (940–950) Buht Isho II – (1025–26) Firudzha – Tokku – (1065) References Minorsky V.F. History of Shirvan and Derbent. Moscow, 1963 (Минорский В.Ф. История Ширвана и Дербента. М., 1963, In Russian) Ataev D.M. Mountainous Dagestan during early Middle Ages (materials of archaeological excavations in Avaria). Makhachkala, 1963 (Атаев Д.М. Нагорный Дагестан в раннем средневековье (по материалам археологических раскопок Аварии). Махачкала, 1963, In Russian). Tahnaeva P.I. Christian culture of Medieval Avaria (7th-16th cc.) in context of reconstruction of the political history. Makhachkala, 2004 (Тахнаева П.И. Христианская культура средневековой Аварии (VII–XVI вв.) в контексте реконструкции политической истории. Махачкала, 2004, In Russian) History of Dagestan Former monarchies of Europe States and territories established in the 5th century