Tsar Aleksei died in January 1676; Križanić was freed from exile by the new Tsar, Feodor III, on 5 March 1676. Final years Križanić remained in Moscow until 1678, when he travelled to Vilnius and later to Warsaw. He lived in Poland and joined the Jesuits. He accompanied a Polish force on its way to liberate besieged Vienna from the Ottomans during the 1683 Battle of Vienna. He died near Vienna on 12 September 1683 while participating with the Ukrainian troops fighting alongside the troops of the Polish king Jan Sobieski in the city's defence against the Turks. Ideas and theories Križanić was one of the earliest proponents of Pan-Slavism. The language he created and used in his writing was called Ruski jezik ("Russian language"), but in reality it was a mixture of several Slavic languages and was devised to serve as a symbol of and even to promote Slavic unity. He wanted to unite the Slavic nations under the Russian Tsar and unite Catholic and Orthodox against the German Protestants and Turkish Muslims. A key component of Križanić's theories concerning necessary reforms for the Russian state were his "Five Principles of Power." His five principles were: Full autocracy (essentially absolute monarchy), closed borders, compulsory labor or a ban on idleness, government monopoly of foreign trade, and ideological conformity. Križanić argued that Russia would be strengthened if immigration were tightly restricted and if native Russians were prohibited from leaving the country without justification. The autocrat should use his power to eliminate bad customs, modernize the country and give the nobles and clergy privileges on the model to the Western Ständestaat. His works, which also include writings on music and economics, were re-discovered and printed in the mid-19th century. Important works The Križanić Memorandum of 1641 (1641) Gramatično izkazanje ob ruskom jeziku (1659-1666) On Politics also known as the Politika (in original "Razgovory o vladatelstvu") (1666) On Divine Providence (in original "De Providentia Dei") (1667) Holy Baptism (1669) An Interpretation of Historical Prophesies (1674) Chinese Foreign Trade (1675) History of Siberia (1680) References Paulin-Gérard Scolardi, Krijanich, Messager de l'unité des Chrétiens et du panslavisme, Paris, Éditions A. et J. Picard, 1947. Sources Vatroslav Jagić: Istoriia slavianskoi filologii, St. Petersburg, 1910 1618 births 1683 deaths Linguists from Croatia Croatian writers Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatian expatriates in Russia Tsardom of Russia people 17th-century Croatian Roman Catholic priests Constructed language creators Writers