that is formed with the simple present of the verb véser + dré a + infinitive (literally "to be behind to", meaning "to keep up with"): First class (infinitive in -à: cantà (to sing) ) I sing.: só dré a cantà II sing.: sét dré a cantà III sing.: (l')è dré a cantà I plur.: sóm dré a cantà II plur.: sìf dré a cantà III plur.: (i)è dré a cantà Second class (infinitive in -ì/-er: córer (to run) ) I sing.: só dré a córer II sing.: sét dré a córer III sing.: (l')è dré a córer I plur.: sóm dré a córer II plur.: sìf dré a córer III plur.: (i)è dré a córer Past Tenses There are four past tenses. A simple past (imperfect) and three compound pasts (past progressive, present perfect and past perfect): Imperfect The Imperfect tense, which refers to any repeated, continuous, or habitual past action, is conjugated as follows: First class (infinitive in -à: cantà (to sing) ) I sing.: cantàe II sing.: cantàet III sing.: cantàa I plur.: cantàem II plur.: cantàef III plur.: cantàa Second class (infinitive in -ì/-er: córer (to run) ) I sing.: curìe II sing.: curìet III sing.: curìa I plur.: curìem II plur.: curìef III plur.: curìa Past Progressive The Past Progressive stresses the fact that the action was continuous in the past. This tense is formed with the imperfect of the verb véser (to be) + dré a + the infinitive: I sing.: sére dré a cantà II sing.: séret dré a cantà III sing.: (l')éra dré a cantà I plur.: sérem dré a cantà II plur.: séref dré a cantà III plur.: (i)éra dré a cantà Present Perfect The Present Perfect is used for every past action without strong connotation on the aspect of the verb, otherwise speakers prefer Imperfect or Past Progressive tenses. Notably, Lombard does not have a Preterite. The Present Perfect is formed with the present of the verb ìga (to have) + the past participle or with the present of the verb véser + the past participle: Example from cantà(to sing), with auxiliary verb ìga: I sing.: gó cantàt II sing.: ghét cantàt III sing.: ga cantàt I plur.: góm cantàt II plur.: ghif cantàt III plur.: ga cantàt Example from sta (to stay), with auxiliary verb véser: I sing.: só stat II sing.: sét stat III sing.: (l')è stat I