infections by risk groups is 159,984. Pakistan The Pakistan National AIDS Control Program estimated that in 2018, there were a total of 160,000 people living with HIV. However, there are only 39,529 cases of HIV that have been registered with the National AIDS Control Program, of which 22,947 are receiving antiretroviral therapy. The HIV prevalence rate is far higher among people who inject drugs (21.0%) compared to the general population of people aged 15 to 49 (0.1%). Sri Lanka East Asia National HIV prevalence levels in East Asia are much lower (0.1% in the adult (15-49) group) than in much of Africa and the Americas. Similar to South Asian countries, low national HIV prevalence still means that large numbers of people are living with HIV. China Much of the current spread of HIV in the People's Republic of China is through intravenous drug abuse and paid sex. In rural areas, especially in Henan province, large numbers of farmers had contaminated blood transfusions; estimates of those infected are in the tens of thousands. Japan Official figures (English) for July–October 2006 showed that just over half of domestic HIV/AIDS cases were among homosexual men, with the remainder transmitted through heterosexual intercourse, drug abuse, in the womb or via unknown means. As of 2015, there had been 17,909 HIV and 8,086 AIDS cases reported in Japan since 1985. North Korea According to UNAIDS, less than 0.2% of North Korea's adult population has HIV. WHO estimates that North Korea has less than 100 people with HIV/AIDS. Officially, the country maintains that it is completely free of AIDS. South Korea The cumulative reported cases of HIV in South Korea has surpassed 6,000, with 797 reported in 2008. According to the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of HIV in South Korea is rising. The first case of HIV was in 1985. By 2000, the number of people diagnosed with HIV was 219, and this had risen to 797 in 2008. Males had a much higher infection rate. In order to prevent Korean women from contracting HIV, HIV positive males should be detected early on. The most commonly recognized mode of transmission in South Korea is through heterosexual sexual contact. Due to the lower prevalence of HIV in South Korea, the Korean media has represented HIV as a disease brought to Korea by migrant sex workers from other countries. Any sex workers who