imported 80% of Cuban sugar and 40% of Cuban citrus. Oil imports dropped from 13 million tons in 1989 to about 3 million tons in 1993 with Russia. The Revolutions of 1989 ended communism in Europe, and the end of the Soviet Union led to great isolation and economic hardship in Cuba. List of Soviet ambassadors in Cuba As per the Russian Embassy's site. Maxim Litvinov, 1942–1943 Andrei Gromyko (stationed in Washington, D.C.), 1943–1946 (no relations), 1946–1960 Sergei Mikhailovich Kudryavtsev (Кудрявцев, Сергей Михайлович), 1960–1962 Alexandr Ivanovich Alexeyev (Алексеев, Александр Иванович), 1962–1968 Alexander Alexeyevich Soldatov (Солдатов, Александр Алексеевич), 1968–1970 Nikita Pavlovich Tolubeyev (Толубеев, Никита Павлович), 1970–1979 Vitaly Vorotnikov, 1979–1982 Konstantin Fedorovich Katushev (Катушев, Константин Фёдорович), 1982–1985 Alexandr Kapto, 1985–1989 Yury Vladimirovich Petrov 1989–1991 Arnold Ivanovich Kalinin (Калинин, Арнольд Иванович), 1991–2000 (after the dissolution of the USSR, continued as Russia's ambassador) See also Foreign relations of Cuba Soviet Empire Cuba–Russia relations Cuba–United States relations References Further reading Bain, Mervyn. "Havana and Moscow in the 1970s." in Emily J. Kirk and Anna Clayfield eds., Cuba's Forgotten Decade: How the 1970s Shaped the Revolution (2018): 23–40. Bain, Mervyn J. "Havana, Moscow, and Beijing: Looking to the Future in the Shadow of the Past." Social Research: An International Quarterly 84.2 (2017): 507–526. online Clayfield, Anna. "Militarized by Moscow?." in Emily J. Kirk and Anna Clayfield eds., Cuba's Forgotten Decade: How the 1970s Shaped the Revolution (2018): 71–86. Gleijeses, Piero. "Moscow's Proxy? Cuba and Africa 1975–1988." Journal of Cold War Studies 8.4 (2006): 98–146. online Gleijeses, Piero. Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington, and Africa, 1959-1976 (U of North Carolina Press, 2002). online Gleijeses, Piero. Visions of Freedom: Havana, Washington, Pretoria and the Struggle for Southern Africa, 1976-1991 (U of North Carolina Press, 2013). online Niederstrasser, R. O. "The Cuban Legacy in Africa." Washington Report on the Hemisphere, (November 30, 2017) . Onslow, Sue. “The battle of Cuito Cuanavale: Media space and the end of the Cold War in Southern Africa" in Artemy M. Kalinovsky, Sergey Radchenko. eds., The End of the Cold War and the Third World: New Perspectives on Regional Conflict (2011) pp 277–96 in online Saney, Isaac, "African Stalingrad: The Cuban Revolution, Internationalism and the End of Apartheid," Latin American Perspectives 33#5 (2006): pp. 81–117. External links Russian Embassy in Cuba - official site; contains history information Lourdes (Cuba) Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) facility Soviet Union Bilateral relations of the Soviet Union