been seen as synonymous. Miscellaneous theories Nora Chadwick (1950) suggested that mythical legends of Þorgerðr and Irpa have become confused and intertwined with historical accounts of Haakon's wife Þóra and her sister, Guðrún; and that the figure of the shieldmaiden Lagertha in the Gesta may also be an aspect of Þorgerðr. Lotte Motz (1993) proposed that Þorgerðr was a rare instance of a giantess who was the recipient of cultic worship in her own right in heathen Scandinavia. Notes References Chadwick, Nora K. (1950). "Thorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and the Trolla Þing: A Note on Sources," in The Early Cultures of North-West Europe, Cyril Fox & Bruce Dickins, eds. Cambridge Univ. Press, LCCN 51001760; pp. 397–417. Davidson, Hilda Ellis (1998, 2002). Roles of the Northern Goddess. Routledge, Faulkes, Anthony (Trans.) (1995). Edda. Everyman. Hellquist, E. (1922). Svensk etymologisk ordbok. C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, Lund. Hollander, Lee, (trans.) (1955). The Saga of the Jómsvíkings. University of Texas Press Hollander, Lee (trans.) (1997). Njal's Saga. Wordsworth Editions Jesch, Judith (trans.) (1997). The Tale of Thorleif, the Earl’s Poet, in The Complete Sagas of Icelanders, Viðar Hreinsson, gen. ed. Leifur Eiríksson, , I, pp 362–369. Kellogg, Robert (trans.) (1997). The Saga of Hord and the People of Holm, in The Complete Sagas of Icelanders, Viðar Hreinsson, gen. ed. Leifur Eiríksson, , II, pp 193–236. McKinnell, John (2002). "Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Hyndluljóð," in Mythological Women: Studies in Memory of Lotte Motz (1922-1997), Rudolf Simek & Wilhelm Heizmann, eds. Wien: Fassbaender, ; pp. 265–290. McKinnell, John (2005). Meeting the Other in Norse Myth in Legends. D.S. Brewer. . Motz, Lotte (1993). The Beauty and the Hag: Female Figures of Germanic Faith and Myth. Wien: Fassbaender, , pp. 75–84. Orchard, Andy (1997). Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend. Cassell. Powell, Frederick York (trans.) (1896). The Tale of Thrond of Gate: Commonly Called Færeyinga Saga. D. Nutt. Røthe, Gunnhild (2006). "The Fictitious Figure of Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr in the Saga Tradition," in Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Saga Conference, Durham and York, 6–12 August 2006. Simek, Rudolf (2007) translated by Angela Hall. Dictionary of Northern Mythology. D.S. Brewer Female supernatural figures in Norse mythology Trolls Mythological duos