Efraím Cardozo (1906–1973) was a Paraguayan politician and historian. Childhood and studies Born in Villarrica, Paraguay, he was a son of a teacher and bureaucrat guaireño Ramon Indalecio Cardozo and Juana Sosa. His father was involved in the educational reform of 1924. He grew up in an educational household which marked his later life as a journalist and historian. He married Hilda Clara Saguier Aceval. In 1921, he joined the National College of Asuncion where in 1925 became to preside over the Student Center and ran magazine "Ariel" along with Juan Esteban Carrón. He finished high school with relevant qualifications and began his studies in advocacy in the institution from which also his mother had graduated. His doctoral thesis was on "The Chaco in the Viceroyalty of River Plate." Within a few years, his name was known in the intellectual and journalistic fields. Amateur for historical research harvested a deep knowledge of the troubled past Paraguay. His academic activity was fruitful. He practiced professorship at the National University, Catholic University and high schools in San Jose and Teresiano. Public activities In 1931 he served as secretary of the President of the Paraguay Jose Patricio Guggiari Secretary of the National Legación Rio de Janeiro (1933) During the war against Bolivia (1932–1935), he served in the operations command of General José Félix Estigarribia. He was responsible to redact diplomatic documents which defended the positions of Paraguay. The president Eusebio Ayala appointed him a member of the Boundary Commission whose procedures were implemented with the signing of the protocol of June 12, 1935. Later, he was appointed general secretary of the Paraguayan delegation at the peace conference of 1938. During the presidency of Higinio Morínigo, Cardozo went to live into exile settled in Buenos Aires where he wrote for the newspaper "La Razon". He stayed ten years in Argentina. During the government of Félix Paiva he was appointed Plenipotentiary Delegate to the Peace Conference which took place in Buenos Aires with the presence of American representatives. He joined the delegation to the College who initialed the Arbitral award bordering 1938. The government of President Estigarribia was part of his first cabinet, holding the portfolio of Justice, Cult and Civic Instruction, while the post of interim chancellor. He was Deputy National 1938. In 1940, he was appointed Plenipotentiary Minister to the Argentine government. Once the Liberal party was proscribed, Dr. Cardozo returned to his