literal meaning of ) into the keeper of these symbols in the form of idols and the like. The Kumulipo was recited during the time of Makahiki, to honor the god of fertility, Lono. Kahuna and Kapu The were well respected, educated individuals that made up a social hierarchy class that served the King and the Courtiers and assisted the (Common People). Selected to serve many practical and governmental purposes, often were healers, navigators, builders, prophets/temple workers, and philosophers. They also talked with the spirits. Kahuna Kūpaiulu of Maui in 1867 described a counter-sorcery ritual to heal someone ill due to , another’s evil thoughts. He said a (cloth) was shaken. Prayers were said. Then, "If the evil spirit suddenly appears () and possesses the patient, then he or she can be immediately saved by the conversation between the practitioner and that spirit." Pukui and others believed kahuna did not have mystical transcendent experiences as described in other religions. Although a person who was possessed () would go into a trance-like state, it was not an ecstatic experience but simply a communion with the known spirits. refers to a system of taboos designed to separate the spiritually pure from the potentially unclean. Thought to have arrived with Pāao, a priest or chief from Tahiti who arrived in Hawaii sometime around 1200 AD, the imposed a series of restrictions on daily life. Prohibitions included: The separation of men and women during mealtimes (a restriction known as ) Restrictions on the gathering and preparation of food Women separated from the community during their menses Restrictions on looking at, touching, or being in close proximity with chiefs and individuals of known spiritual power Restrictions on overfishing Hawaiian tradition shows that was an idea led by the in order for Wākea, the sky father, to get alone with his daughter, Hoohokukalani without his wahine, or wife, Papa, the earth mother, noticing. The spiritually pure or , meaning "sacred" and unclean or were to be separated. included: The use of a different ovens to cook the food for men and women Different eating places Women were forbidden to eat pig, coconut, banana, and certain red foods because of their male symbolism. During times of war, the first two men to be killed were offered to the gods as sacrifices. Other Kapus included , meaning "caring of the land" and . Tradition says that originated from