Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C. March 1978 - July 1979, military assistant for special projects, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower, Reserve Affairs and Logistics, The Pentagon, Washington, D.C. July 1979 - August 1982, instructor, assistant professor and associate professor, Department of Political Science, U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colo. September 1982 - August 1983, White House Fellow and Special Assistant to the Deputy Secretary of State, Department of State, Washington, D.C. September 1983 - January 1984, student, 4315th Combat Crew Training Squadron, Vandenberg AFB, California January 1984 - August 1984, Minuteman Intercontinental Ballistic Missile combat crew commander, 446th Strategic Missile Squadron, Grand Forks AFB, North Dakota August 1984 - July 1985, operations officer, 447th Strategic Missile Squadron, Grand Forks AFB, North Dakota July 1985 - March 1986, Chief, Standardization and Evaluation Division, 321st Strategic Missile Wing, Grand Forks Air Force Base, N.D. March 1986 - July 1987, Commander, 447th Strategic Missile Squadron, Grand Forks AFB, N.D. July 1987 - June 1988, senior research fellow and student, National War College, Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, D.C. July 1988 - February 1990, defense plans officer, U.S. Mission to NATO, Brussels, Belgium February 1990 - August 1991, Chief, Nuclear Biological and Chemical Plans Branch, U.S. Mission to NATO, Brussels, Belgium August 1991 - February 1993, Commander, 321st Operations Group, Grand Forks AFB, N.D. February 1993 - December 1994, Director, Chief of Staff's Operations Group, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C. January 1995 - August 1996, Commander, 91st Missile Group (later redesignated 91st Missile Wing), Minot AFB, N.D. August 1996 - August 1997, Director of Logistics, Headquarters Air Force Space Command, Peterson AFB, Colo. August 1997 - August 1998, Military Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations, New York City, New York September 1998 - July 1999, Defense Attaché Designate - Moscow, Arlington, Va. July 1999 - June 2001, Defense Attaché, U.S. Defense Attaché Office, American Embassy, Moscow, Russia July 2001 - May 2003, Director for Nuclear Policy and Arms Control, National Security Council, the White House, Washington, D.C. May 2003 - October 2005, Commander, 20th Air Force, Air Force Space Command, and Commander, Task Force 214, U.S. Strategic Command, Francis E. Warren AFB, Wyoming October 2005 - August 2007, Vice Commander, Air Force Space Command, Peterson AFB, Colo. August 2007 - August 2009, Assistant Vice Chief of Staff and Director, Air Force Staff, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C.