Decontamination (sometimes abbreviated as decon, dcon, or decontam) is the process of removing contaminants on an object or area, including chemicals, micro-organisms or radioactive substances. This may be achieved by chemical reaction, disinfection or physical removal. It refers to specific action taken to reduce the hazard posed by such contaminants, as opposed to general cleaning. Decontamination is most commonly used in medical environments, including dentistry, surgery and veterinary science, in the process of food preparation, in environmental science, and in forensic science. Methods Methods of decontamination include: Physical cleaning Water purification Ultrasonic cleaning Disinfection Antisepsis Sterilization A variety of decontaminant methods may be used, including physical processes such as distillation, and chemical washes such as alcohols and detergents. See also Human decontamination Soil decontamination Groundwater decontamination Environmental remediation Dry decontamination Decontamination foam References Hygiene