The Madrid–Sevilla high-speed line (NAFA or Nuevo Acceso Ferroviario a Andalucía) is a Spanish railway line for high-speed traffic between Madrid and Seville. The first Spanish high-speed rail connection has been in use since 21 April 1992 at speeds up to 300 km/h (186 mph). Travel time between the two end points was reduced by over half. At Córdoba the Madrid–Málaga high-speed rail line leaves the line from Madrid. At Seville the line is extended to Cádiz only for the Alvia service. Routing The line starts at Madrid-Atocha and runs over 31 bridges (total length ) and through 17 tunnels (total length , crossing the plains of the southern half of the Inner Plateau. It climbs south of Toledo as well as when crossing the Sierra Morena to an altitude of , and then descends to around sea level as it approaches Seville. The terminus of the line is the new railway station Santa Justa in Seville. Technical details The high-speed line was constructed at standard gauge, in contrast with the rest of the Spanish railway network. Voltage is 25 kV AC instead of 3000 V DC. Twelve transformers feed the overhead wires. Some before the start and end points of the line, the line merges with local DC tracks. The line was equipped with signalling standards that had been developed in the 80s for the German Hanover-Würzburg high-speed rail line and the Mannheim-Stuttgart high-speed rail line. At the end of 2006, Spanish governmental agency ADIF ordered technical changes to the safety systems along the line for an amount of €12.6 million, so that in the future, trains of the RENFE-type 104 will be able to run at instead of . A further amount of €4.1 million has been spent on changes to the ASFA train safety system. Between the railway stations along the line, passing stations and emergency stations are located (in Spanish: Puesto de adelantamiento y estacionamiento de trenes, abbr. PAET). These allow faster trains to overtake slower trains, and the parking of rescue trains. In addition, most of these stations have basic platforms that can be used to let passengers descend and change to buses in case of emergency. Trains travel along the line at during the sections of the track close to Madrid. They travel at through the Sierra Morena region, possibly because the S/100 trains aren't pressure-sealed and this section includes many tunnels and also