to the south. Mineral Springs In 1865, Vaux and Mould designed the Moorish-style Mineral Springs Pavilion at the northwestern edge of Sheep Meadow. The Mineral Springs Pavilion had cusped arches supported on slender colonnettes, and flaring, complex roofs, reminiscent of Saracenic architecture. In 1957, park commissioner Moses demolished the structure. The Mineral Springs Cafe was built on the site of the pavilion in the 1960s. In 2009, it became a cafe operated by Le Pain Quotidien. Statues There are two monuments and statues near Sheep Meadow. Giuseppe Mazzini (1878), a bronze bust by Giovanni Turini, overlooks the Meadow on a high pedestal. It honors Giuseppe Mazzini, an Italian patriot and revolutionary. The pedestal contains two Italian phrases, translated to "thought and action" and "God and the people". Indian Hunter (1869), created by American sculptor John Quincy Adams Ward, is on the east side of Sheep Meadow near the Mall. It was the first statue in Central Park created by an American artist. Notable uses Sheep Meadow has held many large-scale events, and people have gathered for many uses. However, managerial neglect took a toll on the park's condition, and by the 1970s, the frequent festivals and concerts in Central Park were later identified as part of the cause for the park's subsequent deterioration. After the 1970s renovation, the open space of Sheep Meadow was surrounded by a chain link fence. The perimeter contains signs saying that team sports, ballplaying, bike riding, skating, glass bottles and dogs are prohibited. Sheep Meadow opens at 11 a.m. each day between April and October each year. The meadow is closed during winters to allow the sod to grow back. The Conservancy internally classifies Sheep Meadow as one of seven "A Lawns", indicating that it has the highest level of use out of the park's four classes of lawns. Sheep Meadow is heavily used: in 2009, it was utilized by 30,000 people each day. A survey conducted in 2010 found that the meadow saw three million people that year. Past events Early and mid-20th century In the early 20th century, the flock of sheep started sharing space with a variety of festivals and children's pageants, though political protests were not yet permissible. In 1912, an event called Around the World in Search of Fairyland featured children in brightly colored costumes. Children's competitions were also held in Sheep Meadow, such as playground contests and model airplane