{{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict | image = Guerrilla Leader Santu Larmars Hide-out- Duduk Chora- Khagrachiri- May 5- 1994- Biplob Rahman.jpg | image_size = 300px | caption = Shanti Bahini insurgents, photographed on 5 May 1994. | date = – 2 December 1997 (20 years) | place = Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh | result = Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord | combatant1 = | combatant2 = Supported by: | commander1 = | commander2 = | units1 = 24th Infantry Division Paramilitary Forces:Law Enforcement:| units2 = | strength1 = Army: 33,000-80,000 Border Guard Bangladesh : 25,000 Bangladesh Ansar: 5,000 Armed Police: 10,000 | strength2 = | casualties1 = | casualties2 = | casualties3 = 3,500–25,000 civilians(Bengali settlers and indigenous villagers) }} The Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict''' was a political and armed conflict between the government of Bangladesh and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti (United People's Party of the Chittagong Hill Tracts) and its armed wing, the Shanti Bahini, over the issue of autonomy and the land rights of Jumma people, mainly for Chakma people and the other indigenous of Chittagong Hill Tracts. Shanti Bahini launched an insurgency against government forces in 1977, when the country was under military rule, and the conflict continued for twenty years until the government and the PCJSS signed the Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord in 1997. The actions then carried out by the Armed Forces and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti groups resulted in casualties on both sides. There were also reports of mass rapes by the paramilitary Bangladesh Ansars, though these have been disputed. According to Amnesty International as of June 2013 the Bangladeshi government made "praiseworthy progress" in implementing the terms of the peace accord and in addressing the Jumma people's concerns over the return of their land. Amnesty estimate that there are currently only 900 internally displaced Jumma families. Background The origin of the conflict in the Chittagong Hill Tracts dates back to the British rule. The British, at the end of the 19th century, reorganized the CHT. This resulted in the recognition of three tribal chiefs (rajas) in 1860, (b) enactment of the Chittagong Hill Tracts Frontier Police Regulations in 1881, authorizing a police force from among the hill peoples, and (c) enactment of the Chittagong Hill Tracts Regulations in 1900, giving them rights and autonomy. When Bangladesh was the eastern wing of Pakistan, widespread