division continued to care for adults and Enfants malades for children. Mural In 1987, American artist, Keith Haring, created a mural named Tower, covering a stairwell of the hospital. He painted the mural while in Paris for the 10th anniversary exhibition of American artists at the Centre Pompidou. The stairwell became derelict over time and paint worn off and was condemned by hospital's administrators. However, it was conserved and fully restored in September 2017. The attached surgery center the stairwell had once attached to had been demolished and a new hospital building had been constructed. The mural now stands as a "totem" and centerpiece of the hospital gardens. Famous Physicians French physician René Laennec invented the stethoscope in 1816 while he was working at the Hôpital Necker. Previously, doctors placed their heads directly on their patient's chest and listened for any irregular sounds to aid in diagnosis. But when a large young woman came to the hospital, he realized that this method would be less effective given her size. Instead, he used a tightly rolled up piece of paper to press against the patient's chest, which made the heartbeat much clearer than ever before. Further experimentation yielded Laennec's famous hollow wooden tube, the forerunner of today's stethoscopes. His invention's ability to magnify the internal sounds of the body advanced the medical practice of auscultation, and proved beneficial to the Hôpital Necker, which had a high fatality rate for Phthisis pulmonalis. This was because Laennec discovered with his stethoscope that patients who developed the disease first displayed a particular irregularity how their voices were manifested within their bodies, thus allowing patients to be diagnosed earlier. Among eminent physicians working at the Hôpital des Enfants Malades were Auguste Chaillou, Eugène Bouchut, Director Jacques-Joseph Grancher), Director Victor Henri Hutinel, Eugène Apert and Édouard Kirmisson. Gallery See also Great Ormond Street Hospital References External links Official website https://web.archive.org/web/20160117190218/http://www.necker.fr/ Hospitals in Paris Children's hospitals in France Teaching hospitals in France Buildings and structures in the 15th arrondissement of Paris Hospitals established in the 1770s 1778 establishments in France Child-related organizations in France