Orientation, Gender Identity and Sex Characteristics. The Supreme Court of Nepal issued a show cause order on 9 July 2021. Military service In 2007, two female soldiers were accused of having a relationship and were discharged, but the army claimed that the women were dismissed for "failing to maintain minimum discipline" not based on sexual orientation. The UNDP reports that gays, lesbians and bisexuals can serve openly in the Nepali Army. Nepal military law does not explicitly forbid LGBT people from serving. Nevertheless, LGBT groups report that discrimination and harassment still occur. Provisions of the 2015 Constitution In September 2015, several articles mentioning LGBTI rights in the country's new Constitution were approved by Parliament after lengthy deliberation. Article 12 states that people have the right to have citizenship ID that reflects their preferred gender. Article 18 covers rights to equality and states that the State will not "discriminate [against] any citizens based on origin, religion, race, caste, tribe, gender, language or ideological conviction or any other status." Article 18 also lists LGBTI people among disadvantaged groups that are recognized by the Constitution. Article 18 also replaced language from the old Constitution that referenced "male and female" and "son or daughter" with gender-neutral terminology. Article 42 lists "gender and sexual minorities" among groups that will have right to participate in state mechanisms and public services based on the "principle of inclusion". The Constitution went into effect on 20 September 2015. Living conditions Society While the Nepalese political landscape has rapidly changed in the past decade, much of the progressive legislation has not been implemented at the community level. Traditional Nepalese gender roles stem from rigid ideals based on biological sex that ostracize anyone failing to conform. These norms may stigmatize any LGBT Nepalis who choose to operate outside of the gender roles, but affect LGBT women in particular, as women, more than men, are expected to conform to societal expectations. However, human rights organizations like the Blue Diamond Society, established in 2001, seek to represent LGBT people in Nepal politically and provide assistance with sexual health in the community. A drop-in centre with free HIV testing exists in Kathmandu along with more than 50 different branches of the organization across the country. Other organizations such as Mitini Nepal, Parichaya Samaj and Sahaayam Nepal also exist to provide resources for LGBT Nepalis. The media and public have also become more sympathetic to