Fashion Valley (also referred to Fashion Valley Mall) is an upscale, open-air shopping mall in Mission Valley in San Diego, California. The shopping center has of leasable floor area, making it the largest mall in San Diego and one of the largest in California. It is managed by the 50% owner Simon Property Group. History Launch (1969) Fashion Valley, developed by Ernest W. Hahn at a cost of $50 million, opened on October 12, 1969, (September 8 soft launch) on a site part of which had held the baseball stadium Westgate Park. Aiming to be the leading shopping center in the San Diego region, it opened with 3 full-line department store anchors: J.W. Robinson's - architects William Pereira and Associates Buffum's - architects Killingsworth, Brady and Associates The Broadway— designed by Charles Luckman and Associates and stated to have been the biggest Broadway opening of the 20 years up to that time. Broadway subsequently closed its Downtown San Diego store, the former Marston's flagship. Within a year, the center would add a two-story J. C. Penney (, opened Fall 1970), a Joseph Magnin specialty department store and a Woolworth discount store or five and dime (opened March 1970). At opening, the center had around a of gross leasable area, parking for 6,000 cars and a Spanish architectural theme, with quarry and red Spanish-style tile and a -high tower by sculptor Jerry Mahoney. Since its opening, the mall has undergone several expansions and changes. 1980s The first major renovation was in August 1981 added Nordstrom and Neiman Marcus, establishing Fashion Valley as the fashion leader in the valley. The Joseph Magnin chain went out of business in 1984. 1990s In 1991, Buffum's closed, and their location was reopened in 1992 by upscale specialty San Francisco department store I. Magnin. However, the upscale company eventually closed all stores in the mid-90s, and the Fashion Valley location was replaced by Saks Fifth Avenue in 1995. Robinson's became a Robinsons-May in 1993, while The Broadway was purchased by Macy's in 1996, rebranding it as a Macy's store with fashion departments only (chain's home and furniture departments are found at Westfield Mission Valley's location, formerly Bullock's). In October 1997, Gene Kemp led a $110 million renovation project, enlarging the Macy's, Nordstrom and Robinsons-May stores. It increased the mall size to , 200 stores, and added 5 parking structures to accommodate 8,000 cars. In 2001, the