and CEO is Antti Vasara, DSc (Tech.). In addition to Espoo, VTT has offices in Jyväskylä, Kajaani, Kuopio, Tampere and Oulu. In 2022, VTT has four subsidiaries: VTT Ventures Ltd VTT International Ltd VTT SenseWay Oy VTT Holding Oy VTT also has five key initiatives, which it calls the technologies of exponential hope and growth biotechnology in food production, quantum technology, optimising the use of material, small nuclear reactors and chemical plastics recycling VTT’s activities and impact VTT receives research funding from the state to perform its basic task, but the state-funded research activities are separated from the company’s market-based activities. Partners Some of VTT's partners: VTT and Lappeenranta University of Technology have jointly developed a small nuclear power plant that produces district heating. It could be used to cover the district heating needs of an entire city. Fazer has licensed an oats technology developed by VTT, which makes it possible to utilise the health improving properties of oat. VTT and Rolls-Royce are designing the first-generation remotely controlled and autonomous ships. In autumn 2020, a multidisciplinary research project was launched in Finland to investigate the spread of COVID-19 in the air. The research results of the joint project of VTT, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare and the University of Tampere were expected to be completed in early 2021. VTT is involved in the L3Pilot project, which is part of the EU's Horizon 2020 programme, in which extensive road tests are carried out on robot cars. The project comprises 34 organisations and is led by the German Volkswagen Group. VTT delivers components for the French ITER experimental fusion reactor using fusion power. VTT has studied sisu – a Finnish concept that denotes a unique blend of hardiness, phlegmatic determination and gritty courage – with the University of Helsinki Department of Psychology. The study focused on the essence and significance of sisu in areas such as coping and well-being at work. VTT and Finnish Textile and Fashion have drawn up a policy on how to develop the value chain of the textile industry in Finland. Examples of research results In 2014, VTT announced that it had produced a highly accurate hyperspectral camera to detect the precursors of skin cancer earlier than before. The health technology company Revenio began commercialising the technology the following year. In 2015, it was reported that VTT had succeeded in developing hybrid yeasts to create new flavours