these rituals, perhaps through dance accompanied by music. Portable art Kozlowski saw animal carvings as connected to hunting magic, aimed at increasing success. Especially interesting are the Venus figurines. They are figurines of women, with accentuated curves, either naked or partly dressed, wearing necklaces, bracelets or tattoos, and without a face. They are present from the Pyrenees to the Don river. They could have represented fertility goddesses, connected to giving and protecting life, as well as with death and rebirth. Other explanations see these figurines as pornography, auto-portraits or depictions of important women in the tribe. They may have symbolized the hope for prosperous and well-nourished communities. The Löwenmensch figurine is a sculpture of a human with a lion's head dated to 35,00040,000 years old. It may have represented a deity. Burials and pigment use Based on the grave goods found beside the deceased, upper paleolithic burials are undoubtedly evidence of spirituality and religiousness. Pigments of various kinds are found in great amounts in various sites across Europe. The graves best illustrating this are described below: Grimaldi mantriple burial of an adult man, in-between two adolescents of male and female sex. They were covered in ochre and wearing seashell, tooth and bone ornaments. The grave goods appear in the form of various stone tools. The man in the middle was lying on a "pillow" of bison bones. Dolní Věstonice IItriple burial, all three skulls and the pelvis of the middle person were covered in red ochre. The left and right person were men, while the middle person was a gracile man with abnormalities. Brno IIa rich male burial. An ivory sculpture was found, as well as over 600 ornaments made of tertiary shell, stone and ivory. Two large pierced silicon discs suggest the man buried here was a shaman. Sungirfive burials, with two child burials, a boy and a girl. The boy was buried with 4903 ornaments, which were likely attached to his clothes, 250 fox canines, a male femur covered in red ochre, and two small animal statues. The girl was buried with 5274 ornaments. It would have taken over 7000 working hours to produce all these grave goods. A male burial with nearly the same amount of grave goods was found as well, with 2000 working hours being required for the production of his grave goods. See also Anthropology of religion Behavioral modernity Evolutionary psychology of religion Grave