fire destroys many of the wooden houses in the city of Gloucester. 12 August – Peace of Canterbury: papal legate and King Louis IX of France condemn the rebels, who are later excommunicated. 14 September – Walter de Merton formally completes the foundation of the House of Scholars of Merton (later Merton College, Oxford) to provide education in Malden and the University of Oxford. In the Peerage of England, the title Baron de Ros, the oldest continuously held peerage title in England, is created by writ of summons. 1265 20 January – Montfort's Parliament, the first to include burgesses, and to insist that members be elected, assembles at Westminster. 28 May – Second Barons' War: Prince Edward escapes from captivity and rejoins royalist forces. 22 June – Simon de Montfort signs a treaty with Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, recognising his rule over Wales. 4 August – Second Barons' War: The Battle of Evesham is fought in Worcestershire, with the army of Edward defeating the forces of rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort and killing Montfort and many of his allies. 16 September – Second Barons' War: Henry disinherits all rebels against his rule. 1266 June – Second Barons' War: Henry III besieges the rebels in Kenilworth Castle. July – Second Barons' War: Liverpool Castle surrenders to Henry III's son, Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster. 31 October – Second Barons' War: The war winds down as supporters of the slain rebel leader Simon de Montfort make an offer of peace to the king in the Dictum of Kenilworth. 14 December – Kenilworth surrenders. 1267 9 April – Second Barons' War: Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford occupies London. June – Second Barons' War: Prince Edward captures the Isle of Ely, and the remaining rebels surrender. Summer – Second Barons' War: rebels and King Henry III agree to peace terms as laid out in the Dictum of Kenilworth. 29 September – Treaty of Montgomery: King Henry III acknowledges Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's title of Prince of Wales. 19 November – the Statute of Marlborough is passed, confirming the Magna Carta and the Provisions of Westminster. It is the oldest English law still (partially) in force. Roger Bacon completes his work Opus Majus and sends it to Pope Clement IV, who had requested it be written; the work contains wide-ranging discussion of mathematics, optics, alchemy, astronomy, astrology and other topics, and includes