Bishop of Hereford by King Henry I of England. Construction of Painscastle by Pain fitzJohn. 1131 9 May - Tintern Abbey is founded. Bernard, Bishop of St David's, is present at a second council of Reims. His cathedral at St David's receives a “dedication”, possibly indicating a partial rebuilding. 1132 Basingwerk Abbey is founded. Madog ap Maredudd succeeds his father as ruler of Powys. 1133 Cadwallon ap Gruffydd is defeated and killed by an army of the Kingdom of Powys near Nanheudwy. 1135 Monks of Llanthony Priory are forced by persistent attacks from the local population to flee across the English border and establish a daughter cell, Llanthony Secunda. Geoffrey of Monmouth gives permission to Caradog of Llancarfan to use material from his History of the Kings of Britain. Ordericus Vitalis quotes from Geoffrey's work in his Historia Ecclesiastica. 1136 January - Rebellion breaks out in Ceredigion. Owain Gwynedd and his brother Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd invade the region and take five of its castles, including Aberystwyth. Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd is killed in battle near Kidwelly. September/October - Battle of Crug Mawr; a signal victory for the Welsh. Cardigan Castle is taken by the Welsh and burned. Llanthony Secunda Priory is founded by Miles of Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford. 1137 Death of Gruffudd ap Cynan, king of Gwynedd; he is replaced by Owain Gwynedd. Owain and his brother Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd ap Cynan complete their conquest of Ceredigion by capturing the castles in the east and south of the region. William of Wycombe becomes prior of Llanthony Priory. 1138 A shrine to St Winefride is established in Shrewsbury, and the saint's remains are transferred there from Holywell. Owain Gwynedd and Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd ap Cynan fail to take Cardigan with the aid of a Danish fleet. Their allies include Anarawd ap Gruffydd and his brother Cadell. Cadwaladr consolidates their previous gains and retains control of northern Ceredigion. King Stephen of England gives Gilbert de Clare the title of Earl of Pembroke. 1139 Owain Gwynedd places southern Ceredigion under the control of his son Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd. Owain and his brother Cadwaladr oppose the appointment of Meurig to the see of Bangor. They are supported by Anarawd ap Gruffydd. 1140 January - Meurig is consecrated Bishop of Bangor. 16 September – Whitland Abbey is founded at Little Trefgarn near Haverfordwest by monks from Clairvaux. 1141 2 February – Cadwaladr ap