no control of a conflict. Snyder also notes that women are "considered legitimate targets and make up 90 percent of all casualties." The majority of refugees are also females. In conflicts such as war, widows are forced to become the new head of the household, assuming all the responsibilities that their husband would normally do so. Also, when contemplating a resolution of a conflict, the lack of inclusion of women from an issues inception to execution has an effect on post-conflict analysis. Causation Rothbart notes that factors that spark international conflict are "struggles between beliefs, behaviors, and environmental conditions as they are as they should be." Another motive that inspires conflict is the need for retribution. It is said that major conflicts can arise from underlying historical disagreements that bubble over periodically. It is also found that the aggressor's identity plays a role in causation of a conflict. Victims In times of war Korostelina writes that "non-combatants suffer most" because they are nothing but victims of any conflict. More innocent civilian blood is shed than any other conflict-related party. Korostelina also adds that civilians "are war's survivors or its collateral damage accentuating the fact that prisoners of war are likely to be the individuals who suffer most during any conflict. Mediation Bercovitch notes that there are several methods to conflict mediation. Bercovitch lists these methods as "negotiation, inquiry, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlements, and resorts to regional agencies and arrangements." See also Conflict Conflict continuum Conflict management Conflict resolution Conflict theories Cost of conflict Mediation Negotiation Peace Peace and conflict studies Restorative justice References External links Amsterdam Center for Conflict Studies (ACS) Centre for International Conflict Analysis and Management (CICAM) (Nijmegen, Netherlands) Conflict (process)