epochs in science. During World War II he did three sets of pictures of the war effort for National Geographic Magazine in 1942, 1943, and 1945. After the war he was commissioned to paint industrial subjects for the Pennsylvania Railroad, the Philadelphia Electric Company, Sun Oil, and other industries. Oakley was deeply influenced by Howard Pyle's philosophy of illustration. In the 1951 address he delivered at the Free Library of Philadelphia, referred to above, he said, "We never heard one word from our beloved teacher concerning tools and methods. His utterances were only of the spirit, thought, philosophy, ideals, vision, purpose." Years earlier, in 1923, Oakley presided at the private viewing of the Howard Pyle Memorial Exhibition at the Philadelphia Art Alliance where reminiscences of Pyle were given by Elizabeth Green Elliott, Jessie Willcox Smith, George Harding, and Frank Schoonover. In praising Pyle, Oakley said, Oakley had previously expounded his own philosophy of illustration as a "pictorial making clear" in an entire essay on that subject in The American Magazine of Art in 1919. Throughout his career, Oakley was a member of many cultural institutions and clubs. He was a charter member of the Philadelphia Water Color Club in 1903, serving as its secretary from 1912 to 1938, at that time becoming its president. In 1932, in recognition of his artistic services to France, the Third French Republic decorated Oakley with the Palmes d'Officier d'Académie, an honor rarely conferred upon foreigners. Thornton Oakley died in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania on Saturday, April 4, 1953, and is buried with his wife Amy at the Lower Marion Baptist Church Cemetery in Bryn Mawr. Book illustrations Among the books Oakley illustrated are: A Son of the Desert by Bradley Gilman (1909, Century), an adventure novel for young readers (which was also serialized in St. Nicholas Magazine, 1908–1909) New Geography, Book One by Alexis Everett Frye (1917, Ginn), a geography textbook co-illustrated with N.C. Wyeth Westward Ho! by Charles Kingsley (1920, George W. Jacobs), a newer edition of an 1855 historical novel Philadelphia by Horace Mather Lippincott (1926, Macrae Smith), for which Oakley also wrote the foreword The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin - a student edition, with questions, notes, and a continuation of Franklin's life, by D.H. Montgomery (1927, Ginn) Folk Tales of Brittany by Elsie Masson (1929, Macrae Smith), a book of fifteen Breton folk tales Awake America! (1934, Macrae Smith), a book of