Unreported employment, also known as money under the table, working under the table, off the books, cash-in-the-claw, money-in-the-paw, or illicit work is illegal employment that is not reported to the government. The employer or the employee often does so for tax evasion or avoiding and violating other laws such as obtaining unemployment benefits while being employed. The working contract is made without social security costs, and does typically not provide health insurance, paid parental leave, paid vacation or pension funds. It is a part of what has been called the underground economy, shadow economy, black market or the non-observed economy. Payments are generally in cash, and the employer often does not check the employee's background or credentials, as is sometimes required by law or otherwise expected by the industry's client base, such as a license or professional certification. While the hiring of the employee may or may not be legal in itself, it is often done when the employer or the employee intentionally fails to obey one or more laws. In developed nations, unreported employment evades withholding tax and is part of the informal sector. It is hidden from the state for tax, social security, or labor law purposes but is legal in all other aspects. Common jobs Common types of employment sectors of unreported jobs include the following: Domestic work, such as housekeeping, babysitting, or foodservice Construction work, landscaping, farm work Taxicab service (sometimes known as hacking) Various types of self-employment, such as plumbing, electrician, window cleaning, painting and decorating, street market trading, and gardening Short-term work and day laborers Short-term youth employment Barbacking and restaurant work Human trafficking Prostitution Fixing cars, motorcycles, and mopeds Reasons Reasons one may work or pay a worker cash-in-hand include: Avoidance of wage garnishment or payment of child support or alimony Cheaper workforce and avoidance of minimum wage laws Convenience for both parties Elimination of paperwork, bookkeeping, and regulation compliance Reduced/eliminated expenses or need for bookkeepers, human resource specialists, lawyers, accountants, payroll services, insurance agents and other employment specialists Not checking or showing a criminal record Protesting actions or policies of the governing authorities e.g. sovereign citizen movement (see agorism) Evasion of insurance requirements Flexibility in hiring short-term employees without excessive overhead or paperwork Avoid allowable income limits by a person receiving certain benefits, such as unemployment, disability, or public assistance Fugitive,draft evasion,illegal immigration, escaped prisoner or organized crime Tax noncompliance, tax resistance,