Spying on Science: Western Intelligence in Divided Germany 1945–1961 (Oxford, 2006) Macrakis, Kristie Surviving the Swastika: Scientific Research in Nazi Germany (Oxford, 1993) Oleynikov, Pavel V. German Scientists in the Soviet Atomic Project, The Nonproliferation Review Volume 7, Number 2, 1 – 30 (2000). The author has been a group leader at the Institute of Technical Physics of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center in Snezhinsk (Chelyabinsk-70). Riehl, Nikolaus and Frederick Seitz Stalin's Captive: Nikolaus Riehl and the Soviet Race for the Bomb (American Chemical Society and the Chemical Heritage Foundations, 1996) . Walker, Mark German National Socialism and the Quest for Nuclear Power 1939–1949 (Cambridge, 1993) Notes 1895 births 1982 deaths People from Neustadt an der Orla People from Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach East German scientists German expatriates in the Soviet Union Nuclear program of Nazi Germany Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union Förderndes Mitglied der SS University of Jena alumni Leipzig University alumni Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni Academic staff of Leipzig University Academic staff of the University of Würzburg Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit in silver 20th-century German physicists Academic staff of Technische Universität Ilmenau