The fauna of Colombia is characterized by a high biodiversity, with the highest rate of species by area unit worldwide. Endemic animals Colombia has the largest number of endemic species (species that are not found naturally anywhere else) worldwide. About 10% of the species in the world live in Colombia. Some determinant factors in the distribution range of the species are the weather conditions, temperature, humidity and sunlight availability. Endemics can easily become endangered or extinct due to their restricted habitat and vulnerability to the actions of man, including the introduction of new organisms. Ecoregions with high endemism According to the Colombian Ministry of Environment, the following ecoregions have the highest percentage of endemic species: Cocora valley (Quindío) Serranía de la Macarena (Meta Department) Gorgona, Colombia (island in the Pacific Ocean) Amacayacu National Park (Amazonas Department) Environmental issues Birds Over 1800 species of birds have been described in Colombia, (more than the number of existent bird species in North America and Europe combined). Some of the bird species in Colombia are: American redstart Groove-billed ani Spotted antbird White-plumed antbird Antioquia bristle-tyrant Northern slaty-antshrike Blackish-grey antshrike Black-faced antthrush White-flanked antwren Galapagos penguin Checker-throated stipplethroat Apical flycatcher Apolinar's wren Argus bare-eye Cinnamon attila Band-tailed barbthroat Pale-tailed barbthroat Baudó oropendola Beautiful woodpecker Bearded bellbird Black-and-gold tanager Black-chested buzzard-eagle Black-mandibled toucan Blackish tapaculo Bogotá rail Empress brilliant Fawn-breasted brilliant Brown-banded antpitta Buff-breasted mountain-tanager Red-rumped cacique Scarlet-rumped cacique Red-capped cardinal Grey catbird Little chachalaca Rufous-vented chachalaca Chestnut-bellied flower-piercer Chestnut-capped piha Chestnut-mandibled toucan Choco toucan Chocó vireo Clapper rail Andean cock-of-the-rock Guianan cock-of-the-rock Collared trogon Festive coquette Spangled coquette Buff-tailed coronet Velvet-purple coronet Pompadour cotinga Bronzed cowbird Crested ant-tanager Cundinamarca antpitta Great curassow Dickcissel Black-capped donacobius Common ground dove Grey-fronted dove Mourning dove White-tipped dove Dusky-headed brush-finch American harpy eagle Crested eagle Forest elaenia Yellow-crowned elaenia Andean emerald Blue-tailed emerald Glittering-throated emerald Versicolored emerald Euler's flycatcher Orange-bellied euphonia Purple-crowned fairy Laughing falcon Flame-winged parakeet Acadian flycatcher Fuscous flycatcher Great crested flycatcher Ruddy-tailed flycatcher Sulphur-bellied flycatcher Orange-breasted fruiteater Black-faced hawk Common black hawk Bronzy hermit Great-billed hermit Green hermit Grey-chinned hermit Long-billed hermit Reddish hermit Rufous-breasted hermit Sooty-capped hermit Stripe-throated hermit Tawny-bellied hermit White-whiskered hermit Zigzag heron Purple honeycreeper Giant hummingbird Green-bellied hummingbird Indigo-capped hummingbird Ruby-topaz hummingbird Rufous-tailed hummingbird Snowy-breasted hummingbird Speckled hummingbird Steely-vented hummingbird Violet-bellied hummingbird Buff-necked ibis Brown inca Collared inca Bronzy jacamar Green-tailed jacamar Pale-headed jacamar Paradise jacamar Rufous-tailed jacamar Yellow-billed jacamar White-necked jacobin