in Paris to check the defense of the city. Krayenhoff got an attractive offer from Russia, but feared the tsar, for his two sons had been captured during the French invasion of Russia in 1812 and were still in captivity. His eldest son fought in the Battle of Waterloo against Napoleon, and was wounded. However, Krayenhoff became increasingly disaffected with the French. As an illustration, Willem de Clercq mentions in his diary that Krayenhoff, during the Dutch insurrection against France in 1813, gave the order that, should there be a French attack, "...everybody should take up the cobblestones before his front door, carry them to his parlour, and greet the attacking French lovingly with a hail of stones" (aan iedereen om de stenen voor zijn deur op te nemen, dezelve op zijn voorkamer te transporteren en daarmee de aanvallende Fransen lieflijk met een steenregen te begroeten). In 1813 he worked diligently for the Restoration and in 1815 he was made a baron by the new king. In that same year, he took the initiative for the construction of the New Dutch Water Line, assisted by . In 1818, Krayenhoff got into problems regarding the building of defence works in Charleroi. His youngest son, , was involved in the building of fort Batavia in Nijmegen. In 1826 king William I of the Netherlands honored Krayenhoff by renaming it after him. In 1825 he travelled on a frigate to Surinam and Curaçao. Krayenhoff got into more problems in 1826 over alleged malversations committed during the construction work of fortifications in Ypres and Ostend, but was acquitted at a trial in 1830. On 12 May 1823, Krayenhoff was appointed Knight Grand Cross in the Order of William for his contribution to the strengthening of the Netherlands' southern border. From 1826 on he left active service and wrote his memoirs. Krayenhoff died at the age of 82 and was initially buried in the fortress at Nijmegen that was named after him (his headstone is still there). In 1916 he was reburied at Rustoord cemetery in Nijmegen. Works Paets van Troostwijk, A. & C.R.T. Krayenhoff (1787) De l'application de l'electricité à la physique et à la médecine. Verz. van hydrogr. en topogr. waarnemingen in Holland (1813) Précis historique des opérations géodésiques et astronomiques faites en Hollande (1815) Proeve van een ontwerp tot scheiding der rivieren de Waal en de Boven-Maas (1823) Geschiedk. beschouwing van den