League of Nations Pact, every member of the League that resorts to war contrary to the engagements assumed in Articles 12, 13 or 15 of the Pact is ipso facto considered as having committed an act of war against all the other members of the League, France and the U.S.S.R. engage themselves reciprocally, [should either of them be the object of unprovoked aggression], to lend immediate aid and assistance in activating the application of Article 16 of the Pact. The same obligation is assumed in the event that either France or the U.S.S.R. is the object of aggression on the part of a European state in the circumstances described in Article 17, paragraphs 1 and 3, of the League of Nations Pact. Protocole de SignatureArticle 1 It is understood that the effect of Article 3 is to oblige each Contracting Party to lend immediate assistance to the other in conforming immediately to the recommendations of the Council of the League of Nations as soon as they are announced under Article 16 of the Pact. It equally understood that the two Contracting Parties will act in concert to elicit the recommendations of the Council with all the celerity that circumstances require and that, if nevertheless, the Council, for any reason whatever, does not make any recommendation or does not arrive at a unanimous decision, the obligation of assistance will nonetheless be implemented.... See also Foreign relations of the Soviet Union Franco-Polish Military Alliance Soviet–Polish Non-Aggression Pact Soviet–Finnish Non-Aggression Pact Soviet–Estonian Non-Aggression Pact Soviet–Lithuanian Non-Aggression Pact Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact Notes References Pavel A. Zhilin, "The USSR and collective security 1935–1939." Scandinavian Journal of History' 2.1-4 (1977): 147-159. Ragsdale, Hugh. The Soviets, the Munich Crisis, and the Coming of World War II Azeau, Henri (1969). Le Pacte Franco soviétique [du] 2 mai 1935. Presses de la Cité. Treaties concluded in 1935 Treaties entered into force in 1936 1935 in France 1935 in the Soviet Union France–Soviet Union relations Interwar-period treaties Treaties of the French Third Republic Military alliances involving the Soviet Union Non-aggression pacts Treaties of the Soviet Union Pierre Laval