The People's Commissariat of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspection, also known as Rabkrin (; РКИ, RKI; Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate, WPI), was a governmental establishment in the Soviet Union of ministerial level (people's commissariat) that was responsible for scrutinizing the state, local and enterprise administrations. Beginnings On February 7, 1920, the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union established the Rabkrin to succeed the People’s Commissariat for State Control. The term "Rabkrin" comes from the Russian title, Narodniy Kommissariat Raboche-Krestyanskoy Inspekciyi, the People’s Commissariat of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspectorate. Rabkrin was put in place to ensure the effectiveness of the newly-created Soviet government, which had experienced bureaucratic turmoil beginning with the Russian Revolution and had continued into the Russian Civil War. The People’s Commissariat for State Control was a key institute for creating the Soviet Union, but its mismanagement of bureaucratic control led Vladimir Lenin to disband the council and to replace it with a more manageable division of government authority. The former commissar of the People’s Commissariat for State Control, Joseph Stalin, was placed in charge of the newly-formed agency, Rabkrin, which was to signal a new beginning of Soviet administration. Since it was a creation of the Soviet Union, it had no connection to the Russian Empire. Under Lenin and Stalin The German biographer Isaac Deutscher described Rabkrin as follows: "The Rabkrin... was set up to control every branch of the administration, from top to bottom, with a view to eliminating the two major faults, inefficiency and corruption, which the Soviet civil service had inherited from its Tsarist predecessor. It was to act as the stern and enlightened auditor for the whole rickety and creaking governmental machine; to expose abuses of power and red tape; and to train an élite of reliable civil servants for every branch of the government. The [Rabkrin] acted through teams of workers and peasants who were free at any time to enter the offices of any Commissariat and watch the work done there.... The whole bizarre scheme of inspection was one of Lenin's pet ideas. Exasperated by the inefficiency and dishonesty of the civil service, he sought to remedy them by extreme and ruthless "control from below," and the [Rabkrin] was to be the means.... The mill of officialdom, however, turned the workers themselves into bureaucrats. The Commissariat of the Inspectorate, as Lenin was to discover later on, became an additional source