ovarian cancer, p27 negative tumors progressed in 23 months compared to 85 months in p27 positive tumors and thus could be used as a prognostic marker. Similar studies have correlated low levels of p27 with a worse prognosis in breast cancer. Colorectal carcinomas that lacked p27 were shown to have increased p27-specific proteolysis and a median survival of only 69 months compared to 151 months for patients with high or normal levels of p27. The authors proposed clinicians could use patient specific levels of p27 to determine who would benefit from adjuvant therapy. Similar correlations were observed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, those with colon, and prostate cancer. So far studies have only evaluated the prognostic value of p27 retrospectively and a standardized scoring system has not been established. However it has been proposed that clinicians should evaluate a patient's p27 levels in order to determine if they will be responsive to certain chemotoxins which target fast growing tumors where p27 levels are low. Or in contrast, if p27 levels are found to be high in a patient's cancer, their risk for metastasis is higher and the physician can make an informed decision about their treatment plan. Because p27 levels are controlled post-transcriptionally, proteomic surveys can be used to establish and monitor a patient's individual levels which aids in the future of individualized medicine. The following cancers have been demonstrated to have an inverse correlation with p27 expression and prognosis: oro-pharyngo-laryngeal, oesophageal, gastric, colon, lung, melanoma, glioma, breast cancer, prostate, lymphoma, leukemia. Correlation to treatment response P27 may also allow clinicians to better select an appropriate treatment for a patient. For example, patients with non-small cell lung cancer who were treated with platinum based chemotherapy showed reduced survival if they had low levels of p27. Similarly low levels of p27 correlated with poor results from adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Value as a therapeutic target P27 has been explored as a potential target for cancer therapy because its levels are highly correlated to patient prognosis. This is true for a wide spectrum of cancers including colon, breast, prostate, lung, liver, stomach, and bladder. Use of microRNAs for therapy Because of the role miRNAs play in p27 regulation, research is underway to determine if antagomiRs that block the activity of the miR221&222 and allow for p27 cell grow inhibition to take place could act as therapeutic cancer drugs.