species is listed as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and in the South African Red Data Book. The population is small, geographically restricted, and threatened by the plantations of pines on the mountain that cause the streams to dry up. Many of the streams historically populated by Heleophryne rosei were diverted during the 1900s in order to supply the newly built reservoirs on Table Mountain. Due to the ancient, Mesozoic origin of the family Heleophrynidae and their evolutionary significance, H. rosei is listed as #11 on the list of the top amphibian EDGE species. References Heleophryne Frogs of Africa Endemic amphibians of South Africa Natural history of Cape Town Table Mountain Critically endangered fauna of Africa EDGE species Amphibians described in 1925 Taxa named by John Hewitt (herpetologist) Taxonomy articles created by Polbot