far-right paramilitaries and in the ultramonarchist Action française. Party members such as Philippe Henriot or Xavier Vallat (both future collaborationists) thus served as intermediaries between the leaders of the Republican Federation and the extra-parliamentary right. After 1940 Although few important members of the Republican Federation actively engaged in collaborationism during the Vichy regime, their conservative allegiance (traditional Catholicism, anti-communism and conservative nationalism) induced most of them to accept the new regime of the Révolution nationale. However, the Republican Federation was part of one of the six member parties of the Conseil national de la Résistance (National Council of Resistance) represented by Jacques Debû-Bridel. Alongside Louis Marin, the latter tried without success to recreate the Republican Federation at the Liberation, but the party remained discredited by the passive attitude of most of its members. After 1949, the National Center of the Independents was the main political structure pursuing the Republican Federation's legacy after the failure of several structures, including the Republican Party of Liberty. In Parliament In the Chamber of Deputies The Republican Federation deputies sat in the following parliamentary groups in the Chamber of Deputies: 1903: Progressive Republicans (Républicain progressiste) 1914: The party called its group the Republican Federation (Fédération républicaine) as in 1932 and 1936 1919: Democratic Republican Entente (Entente républicain démocratique) 1930: Democratic and Republican Union (Union républicaine et démocratique) 1932: Republican Federation group 1936: Republican Federation and Independent Republicans of Social Action (Républicain indépendant d'action sociale) Furthermore, the Republican Independents group of Georges Mandel was also close to the Republican Federation. In the Senate The Republican Federation senators sieged in the ANRS group (Action nationale républicaine et sociale, National Republican and Social Action) at least until 1936. List of presidents Eugène Motte (1903–1906) Joseph Thierry (1906–1911) Charles Prévet (1911–1914) Charles Benoist (1914–1919) Victor Milliard (1919–1921) Auguste Isaac (1921–1925) Louis Marin (1925–1946) Electoral results Notable members Édouard Aynard, Lyonnese banker and deputy (1889–1913) Maurice Barrès, nationalist writer Paul Beauregard Charles Benoist (1861–1936) Joseph Boissin, deputy of Ardèche Jacques Debû-Bridel Paul Duquaire, senator and former member of the Popular Liberal Action Édouard Frédéric-Dupont Philippe Henriot, collaborationist under Vichy Auguste Isaac, Lyonnesse industrialist, deputy of the Rhône department (1919–1924), Minister of Trade and Industry (1920–1921) and president of the Republican Federation until 1924 Henri de Kerillis (very close, if not officially a member, of the Republican Federation) Louis Loucheur, industrialist Louis Marin (1871–1960), deputy of Nancy (1905–1951) and president of