behavior as a defense strategy. During this defense, the head is lowered and rear lifted by vertical stretching of the legs. This defensive position protects the head from attack and exposes the aposematic colors of the inner thighs to potential predators. The nictitating membrane of eyes is also closed for protection during such deimatic behavior. The frog produces short and high-pitched calls when captured by predators and in distress. They also emit foamy, viscous skin secretions that have a strong bitter smell under stressful conditions. Researchers have shown that the ability of L. lineatus to safely exist in leaf-cutting Atta ant nests is connected to a biochemical compounds present in the skin of L. lineatus. The exact chemical responsible for such protection against ants has yet to be determined, but this chemical produces a distinct odor. Species closely related to Lithodytes lineatus (Adenomera, Allobates femoralis, and Ameerega picta) are heavily attacked by leafcutter ants while Lineatus frogs are unaffected. When coated with Lineatus skin extracts, Rhinella major frogs are significantly protected from ant attack. There is no observable difference between male and female skin extracts, suggesting that both sexes secrete the compound required to prevent attack by leafcutter ants. This phenomenon is not specific to L. lineatus as similar observations have been recorded in Phrynomantis microps, the West-African savanna frog, and Paltothyreus tarsatus, commonly known as Ponerine ants. Recent studies have identified potential amino acids responsible for the lack of attack by these Ponerine ants. These peptides were similarly studied as those in L. lineatus and when skin extract from P. microps was used to coat termites, the ants would no longer attack these termites. Thus, similar resistance against ant attack was conferred through the skin extracts of these frogs. Researchers hypothesize that these peptides act as "appeasement allomones" and have potential applications in the reduction of insect aggression. Foraging Behavior Adults usually hunt at night and are sometimes found away from shelter and residence, typically for the purpose of foraging. Protective Coloration and Behavior Batesian mimicry Lithodytes lineatus has been considered non-toxic and its morphological similarity to the poison dart frog Ameerega picta has resulted in conclusions of Batesian mimicry between the two organisms. However, studies of the skin and poison glands of L. lineatus revealed a limited diversity of proteins and peptides that potentially have toxic effects. Comparisons of skin and glands between L. lineatus and A. picta