steel products Plate lamination defect inspection Bonded structure lamination detection Laser weld inspection for automotive components Weld inspection for coil join, tubes and pipes Pipeline in-service inspection Railroad rail and wheel inspection Austenitic weld inspection for the power industry Material characterization In addition to the above-mentioned applications, which fall under the category of nondestructive testing, EMATs have been used in research for ultrasonic communication, where they generate and receive an acoustic signal in a metallic structure. Ultrasonic communication is particularly useful in areas where radio frequency can not be used. This includes underwater and underground environments as well as sealed environments, e.g., communication with a sensor inside a pressure tank. The use of EMATs is also under study for biomedical applications, in particular for electromagnetic acoustic imaging. References Codes and standards ASTM E1774-96 Standard Guide for Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (EMATs) ASTM E1816-96 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examinations Using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) Technology ASTM E1962-98 Standard Test Methods for Ultrasonic Surface Examinations Using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) Technology Transducers