foam nests allows rapid warming and slowed heat loss. The female frog stays in the center of the foam nest and guards against predators. Studies on the composition of foam nests created by Leptodacylus vastus, a frog of the same family as Lithodytes lineatus, may lend some knowledge towards the chemical makeup of Leptodactylidae foam nests, which is still largely poorly understood. The general composition consists of a layer of surfactant proteins and a carbohydrate layer. The surfactant proteins are theorized to have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains located at the air-water interface, allowing the formation of foam. It is assumed that these proteins must also be soluble, catalytically efficient, and non-toxic to biological tissues. Lv-RSN-1 is a notable surfactant protein since it was found to make up around 45% of the total protein composition. Assays performed on this protein revealed that the presence of multiple disulfide bridges in its structure conveys high stability. This also explains resistance to heat denaturation. Along with other proteins in the nest, Lv-RSN-1 offers protection against heat and UV radiation. The foamy consistency of the nest deters a variety of predators. Snakes cannot easily swallow the nest, mammals, on the other hand, pay little attention, and insects such as ants, wasps, and beetles often become trapped in the foam and die. Social Behavior Reproductive Behavior Male frogs in competition have been observed to face each other when calling for mates. Their snouts oppose and almost touch each other. Males can hold this position, in the same location, for 7 consecutive nights. These male frogs call in a rapid and alternating manner, generating a two-note call. The persistence of callings while facing each other suggest strong competition for mates as well as competition among males themselves. Such behavior continues without disturbance, even in the presence of close observation by humans and flashlights. Lithodytes lineatus breed during the rainy season, with pregnant females and calling males most frequently found during this time and juvenile frogs captured mostly towards the end of the season. Like other species, this behavior is probably due to the requirement for standing water for development of frog larvae. It is notable that larger females lay more eggs than their smaller counterparts. Mating adults are most commonly found on the forest floor calling in close proximity to Atta nests. Large ant nests usually have multiple calling frogs. Defensive Behavior This species employs deimatic