Leptobrachium montanum is a species of frog from the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Borneo and is, as currently defined, found in Kalimantan (Indonesia), Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), and Labi, Belait (Brunei). However, the nominal Leptobrachium montanum is a composed of more than one lineage. Available information mostly refers to this composite rather than the "true" Leptobrachium montanum. Common names montane large-eyed litter frog, mountain spadefoot toad, and mountain litter frog have been coined for it. Description The holotype of Leptobrachium montanum is an adult female measuring in snout–vent length (SVL). Two adult males and four females representing "Leptobrachium montanum lineage 1" measure and females SVL, respectively. This lineage from southeastern Kalimantan is believed to represent the "true" Leptobrachium montanum. The dorsum is brown above, mimicking dead leaves. The head is broad. The eyes are big. male advertisement call is a loud "quak". The tadpoles are large and possess a strong tail with well-developed tail fin. They reach a total length of or even more. Habitat and conservation Its natural habitats are submontane and montane forests at elevations of above sea level. While adults and juveniles can roam widely through forests, breeding takes place in small to medium-sized mountain streams with rocky stream bed. The tadpoles prefer quiet stream sections. Leptobrachium montanum is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. It occurs in many protected areas. References External links Sound recordings of Leptobrachium montanum at BioAcoustica montanum Endemic fauna of Borneo Amphibians of Brunei Amphibians of Indonesia Amphibians of Malaysia Taxa named by Johann Gustav Fischer Amphibians described in 1885 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Amphibians of Borneo