on these surfaces while peering into the water for small fish such as species of Characidae. Once the prey is spotted, they are caught using either the bill or talons then carried away from the river for consumption. Black caracara mostly fish in areas of fast moving rivers where migratory fish are forced to bottleneck and become trapped among plants or within shallow pools, reflecting their opportunistic nature. Vocalization This species can also be identified from other species by their harsh, piercing, single note kraaaa'' calls that usually occur during flight. This call is usually repeated several times, often ending in a decrescendo. They do not exhibit diverse vocalizations, restricted to variations in length and volume of their distinctive shriek. Reproduction There is only one observational record of a black caracara nest in Brazil being built from twigs 60–70 cm in length, 25m high in a tree. Little else is known about their reproductive behaviors. References black caracara Birds of the Amazon Basin Birds of Colombia Birds described in 1816 Taxa named by Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot Taxonomy articles created by Polbot