turtle Platemys platicephala can prey on Perez’s snouted frog tadpoles. The time required for a tadpole to develop before it goes through metamorphosis from tadpole to froglet is highly variable, with a range of 21–28 days. Many factors such as pool drying rate, depth, temperature, resource availability, and predator and tadpole density can have an effect. Protective coloration and behavior Tadpoles start to develop cryptic brown colorations three weeks after hatching, which persist through adulthoods. An interesting predator defense display of the Perez’s snouted frog is deimatic behavior using their macroglands. Macroglands are also called inguinal or lumbar glands, which are accumulations of serous glands in the sacral region. Although not all species in the family Leiuperinae have this structure, it is commonly found in the Leiperines, Edalorhina, Engystomops, Physalaemus, and Pleurodema families. When a Perez’s snouted frog is frightened, it will face away from the predator and elevate its sacral region to suddenly expose macroglands, which display hidden flash coloration resembling a pair of huge eyes belonging to a large animal. References Edalorhina Amphibians of Brazil Amphibians of Colombia Amphibians of Ecuador Amphibians of Peru Amphibians described in 1871 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot