of the university to protest Carroll's research. Wicklund responded by beginning a hunger strike, which he told reporters would last until he was released; he was released two weeks later and given a year's probation instead. Carroll obtained a restraining order against SOAR, the ALF, and several of the protesters, including Wicklund. In 1998, Wicklund denounced the ALF, his previous activism, and made a proclamation of embracing pacifism; this move largely caused the campaign against Marilyn Carroll's research to deflate. The city in which she lives (Mahtomedi, MN) has since passed an ordinance attempting to prevent activists from picketing at her home. Along with these national groups, Carroll's work has been the continued focus of local groups via on-campus protests, banner hangs, and other methods of campus messaging. Organizations working on this issue include Progress for Science and the Animal Rights Coalition "No Pain in My Name" campaign. See also Rat Park References External links Progress for Science Research Animal Resources and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee groups at UMN SAEN Page on University of Minnesota University of Minnesota American medical research Animal testing in the United States