the following APD treatments: Auditory Integration Training typically involves a child attending two 30-minute sessions per day for ten days. Lindamood-Bell Learning Processes (particularly, the Visualizing and Verbalizing program) Physical activities that require frequent crossing of the midline (e.g., occupational therapy) Sound Field Amplification Neuro-Sensory Educational Therapy Neurofeedback The use of an individual FM transmitter/receiver system by teachers and students has nevertheless been shown to produce significant improvements with children over time. History Samuel J. Kopetzky first described the condition in 1948. P. F. King, first discussed the etiological factors behind it in 1954. Helmer Rudolph Myklebust's 1954 study, "Auditory Disorders in Children". suggested auditory processing disorder was separate from language learning difficulties. His work sparked interest in auditory deficits after acquired brain lesions affecting the temporal lobes and led to additional work looking at the physiological basis of auditory processing, but it was not until the late seventies and early eighties that research began on APD in depth. In 1977, the first conference on the topic of APD was organized by Robert W. Keith, Ph.D. at the University of Cincinnati. The proceedings of that conference was published by Grune and Stratton under the title "Central Auditory Dysfunction" (Keith RW Ed.) That conference started a new series of studies focusing on APD in children. Virtually all tests currently used to diagnose APD originate from this work. These early researchers also invented many of the auditory training approaches, including interhemispheric transfer training and interaural intensity difference training. This period gave us a rough understanding of the causes and possible treatment options for APD. Much of the work in the late nineties and 2000s has been looking to refining testing, developing more sophisticated treatment options, and looking for genetic risk factors for APD. Scientists have worked on improving behavioral tests of auditory function, neuroimaging, electroacoustic, and electrophysiologic testing. Working with new technology has led to a number of software programs for auditory training. With global awareness of mental disorders and increasing understanding of neuroscience, auditory processing is more in the public and academic consciousness than ever before. See also Amblyaudia Auditory verbal agnosia Cocktail party effect Cortical deafness Dafydd Stephens Echoic memory Hearing loss Language processing List of eponymous diseases Music-specific disorders Selective auditory attention Selective mutism Sensory processing disorders Spatial hearing loss References External links Auditory processing disorder: An overview for the clinician American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Neurological disorders Audiology Psychoacoustics