course of his work with tuberculosis patients, Forlanini observed a number of them experience spontaneous pneumothorax. These ruptures frequently led to the patients' deaths. Pus and air would flood the pleural cavity, which put pressure on the already struggling lungs in addition to exposing them to further infection. Forlanini, as a handful of previous physicians had, theorized that if pressure could be artificially applied to the lungs with air and without septic fluid, the lung could be allowed to rest, heal, and scar, thus eliminating the cavities formed and inhabited by tuberculosis in the affected lung. In 1882, he published an article describing this theory regarding artificial pneumothorax. At this time, neither Forlanini nor those who had independently formed the same theory had completed an extensive study of the use of APT in treating tuberculosis, and the contemporary medical community favored studies into bacteria and vaccines, so little interest was shown in the article. University Career - Turin and Pavia In 1884 Forlanini began his university career at the University of Turin as a tenured professor of special medical pathology, obtained the position of "extraordinarius" professor at the university's preparatory medical clinic, and the following year he became the Director of the Cabinet of Special Preparatory and Medical Pathology. During this time, he mentored the future inventor of the pneumatic cuff sphygmomanometer, Scipione Riva-Rocci. The University of Pavia offered Forlanini a provisional teaching position instructing in special medical pathology in 1898, for which he returned to the city. He would ultimately decide to remain when, in 1900, he was offered a permanent professoral position at his alma mater. A handful of his students—Scipione Riva-Rocci, Umberto Carpi De Resmini, and Eugenio Morelli—followed Forlanini in this move. Forlanini's theory of artificial pneumothorax (for the treatment of tuberculosis) was first presented at the eleventh International Medical Congress in Rome and, the following year, also presented his results at the Italian Congress of Internal Medicine. In following years, his technique was criticized for the procedure's severe complications, which at times included emphysema and cerebral embolism as noted by Forlanini himself. Earlier that year (1894), he had performed the procedure for the first time. Recognitions of his work Year by year Forlanini improved and promoted his method and, in April 1912, he held a famous lecture in Rome titled "Artificial pneumothorax in the treatment of pulmonary phthisis" at the seventh International Congress on Tuberculosis. The