Zaharije Orfelin (; 1726 – 19 January 1785) was a Serbian polymath who lived and worked in the Austrian Monarchy and Venice. Considered a Renaissance man, he is variously described as a theologist, scientist, poet, engraver, painter, lexicographer, herbalist, oenologist, historian, publisher and translator. Biography He was born in a Serb family in Vukovar in 1726, in the period after the Great Turkish War. His father's name was Jovan. Zaharije's nephew was the painter Jakov Orfelin. Orfelin's first published work was Краткоје о богоподобајуштем телу и крови Христовој поклоненији и временитога настављенија, written during his scribal service as a scribe for the Metropolitan Nenadović in 1758. It is assumed that he was trained in Budapest and Vienna, as well as that he subsequently studied on his own in Novi Sad. Свети Ђорђе са изгледом манастира Сенђурђа (Saint George with a view of the Senđurđa monastery) from 1767 is Orfelin's work from 1760, for which the art historian Dinko Davidov believes that this copper engraving was "a kind of specialist exercise" on the basis of which Jakob Schmutzer accepted as an honorary member of the Viennese copper engraving academy in 1767. Orfelin served under bishop Vićentije Jovanović Vidak in Timisoara until 1764. Then he went to Venice, where he worked as a proofreader of Serbian books in Dimitrije Teodosi's printing house. It is believed that he occasionally traveled to Vienna from Venice for work and other reasons. He died on January 19, 1785 in Novi Sad, Sajlovo, and is buried in a nearby church. Serbian poet Đorđe Nešić wrote a poem titled A toast to Zaharije Orfelin, inspired by his poetry and publications on winemaking. He is the main character of the novel "Drugo Telo" by Milorad Pavić. A private secondary school based in Belgrade is named after him. Work Orfelin appeared on the Serbian cultural scene in 1758. He was successful as a painter, calligrapher and copper-engraver, he did several works in copper-engraving. One of them represents Saint Sava. In the 1870s, he was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Arts in Vienna. As a poet, Orfelin is the most significant figure in Serbian poetry of the 18th century. He wrote a dozen longer poems, the most significant of which is Плач Сербији (Lament of Serbia, 1761) in two versions, folk version and Church-Slavonic. It is an anti-Austrian, rebellious song. In that song, Serbia regrets the former glory