mortuary artefacts and buried in a discordant body posture. The timing of the bone quality is also crucial for distinguishing bones from archaeological bones, the key point to be marked on is the freshness of the bone in which postmortem intervals will be useful for justifying contemporary skeletal remains from skeletons served for archaeological purposes. The place of burial, physical characteristics and artefacts next to the skeletal remains will be taken into consideration to determine its forensic significance. Archaeological significance evaluation If the skeletal remains are deemed as materials that have no forensic significance, the skeletal remains will proceed to an examination of its archaeological significance. This will be determined if the skeletal remains are situated in a burial setting and the presence of accompanied artefacts beside the skeletons. Indications The following information listed below is the information that was derived from skeletons. Sex The pelvis displays sexually dimorphic characteristics, and thus can be used to infer the sex of the skeleton. Specifically, the hip bone is dissected into three segments which are the sacroiliac segment, ischiopubic segment and acetabular segment. Any changes in the shape of the sciatic notch of the sacroiliac segment indicate the sex and the sexual maturation of the skeleton. Females have a larger sciatic notch. The ischiopubic segment indicates the process of sexual dimorphism during puberty. For example, the subpubic angle and pubis of females in the ischiopubic segment is larger. Sub-pubic concavity is only present in females. The acetabular segment indicates the spatial organisation of the general pelvic structure. Through observing the physical characteristics derived from the hip bones, females have a U-shape subpubic angle and men have a V-shape subpubic angle. The female pelvis is wider than that of the male in order to enable a safe pathway for reproduction. The female pelvis is built to enable locomotion and parturition. As males do not give birth, the male pelvis is narrower. Consequently, males have stronger mastoid processes on the sides, with nuchal crests and glabellae located in the front and the back respectively. If the pelvic bone is absent from the skeletal specimen, the size and resiliency of the bones will be examined to infer sex. The quality of nutrition that the deceased specimen had in its lifetime will affect the size and resiliency of its bones, so this analysis cannot be considered entirely definitive in assigning sex to a skeleton. Trauma Trauma