Edward Clark Carter (June 9, 1878 – November 9, 1954) worked with the International Y.M.C.A. in India and in France, during World War I, from 1902 to 1918, but was best known for his work with the Institute of Pacific Relations (IPR), of which he was secretary from 1926 to 1933, secretary general from 1933 to 1946 and executive vice-chairman from 1946 to 1948. A graduate of Harvard University (Class of 1900), he worked to increase knowledge and dialogue with the countries of the Pacific Rim, but he also promoted interests and groups which critics charged were communist fronts or communist dominated. In 1948, he left the IPR under pressure and became Provost and then Director of International Studies of the New School for Social Research in New York City. Carter became a main target of the McCarran Committee as part of a general investigation of the U.S. Department of State by Senator Joseph McCarthy. In 1940, he helped organize the Russian War Relief Fund, was chair (1941-1945); United States Service to China, director, (1948); United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, consultant (1948); and a member of the United China Relief. For a brief period in the early 1940s he also served as Editor of the journal Pacific Affairs, the primary publication of the IPR. He was decorated an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, Officer of the French Légion d'honneur, received into the Order of the Crown of Siam and the Order of the Red Banner of Labour (USSR). Allegations According to Carter's replacement as IPR Secretary General, Clayton Lane, Carter "was requested to resign" his leadership of the IPR "because of Carter's favorable attitude toward Russia." Among the positions he held were: Secretary General of the Institute of Pacific Relations, an alleged "Communist front group" Chairman of the National Committee for Medical Aid to the Soviet Union, according to the Communist Party organ Daily Worker Chairman of Russian War Relief, which, according to the FBI, was "infiltrated with known Communists, Communist leaders, fellow travelers, and front organizations" President of the Board of Directors of the American Russian Institute, which was listed by Attorney General of the United States Thomas C. Clark on the Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations for 1948, in accordance with President Truman's Executive Order 9835. Andrew Avery, Chicago Journal of Commerce (July 1, 1946), alleged that Carter had