productive capital of a country which is employed in paying the wages and salaries of labourers, evidently is not, all of it, strictly and indispensably necessary for production. As much of it as exceeds the actual necessaries of life and health (an excess which in the case of skilled labourers is usually considerable) is not expended in supporting labour, but in remunerating it, and the labourers could wait for this part of their remuneration until the production is completed; it needs not necessarily pre-exist as capital: and if they unfortunately had to forego it altogether, the same amount of production might take place. In order that the whole remuneration of the labourers should be advanced to them in daily or weekly payments, there must exist in advance, and be appropriated to productive use, a greater stock, or capital, than would suffice to carry on the existing extent of production: greater, by whatever amount of remuneration the labourers receive, beyond what the self-interest of a prudent slave-master would assign to his slaves. In truth, it is only after an abundant capital had already been accumulated, that the practice of paying in advance any remuneration of labour beyond a bare subsistence, could possibly have arisen: since whatever is so paid, is not really applied to production, but to the unproductive consumption of productive labourers, indicating a fund for production sufficiently ample to admit of habitually diverting a part of it to a mere convenience." V Fundamental Propositions respecting Capital VI Of Circulating and Fixed Capital VII On what depends the degree of Productiveness of Productive Agents VIII Of Co-operation, or the Combination of Labour IX Of Production on a Large, and Production on a Small Scale X Of the Law of the Increase of Labour XI Of the Law of the Increase of Capital XII Of the Law of the Increase of Production from Land XIII Consequences of the Foregoing Laws Book II Distribution I Of Property II The same subject continued III Of the Classes among whom the Produce is distributed IV Of Competition and Custom V Of Slavery VI Of Peasant Proprietors VII Continuation of the same subject VIII Of Metayers IX Of Cottiers X Means of abolishing Cottier Tenancy XI Of Wages XII Of Popular Remedies for Low Wages XIII The Remedies for Low Wages further considered XIV Of the Differences of Wages in different Employments XV Of Profits