December 2010. Refinder was developed by Gnowsis, a spin-off company of the German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) (project lead in the NEPOMUK EU project). The start-up was shut down in late 2013, with no plans to make the implementation code available. Refinder uses the same data formats as the other implementations, but using Software as a service instead of the desktop approach of the other implementations. Data formats PIMO — the data format used for describing a Personal Information Model, describing Persons, Projects, Topics, Events, etc., also used in NEPOMUK-KDE. NIE — the NEPOMUK Information Element Ontology (and the associated ontologies NFO etc.), describing resources on a desktop (files, mails, etc.) See also Tracker (search software) References External links Article: Open Source Semantic Desktop Is Coming MIT Technology Review: Semantic Sense for the Desktop Slashdot story about Nepomuk NEPOMUK in KDE KDE Frameworks KDE Platform Personal information managers Semantic desktop