language, it went extinct around the fourteenth century and was only identified or rediscovered as a distinct variety of Aramaic in the nineteenth century. Corpus The only surviving original compositions in CPA are inscriptions in mosaics and rock caves (lavras), magical silver amulets and a single short magical booklet. All other surviving manuscript compositions are translations of Greek originals. Many of the palimpsests come from Saint Catherine's Monastery in Sinai (e.g., the Codex Climaci Rescriptus), but some also from Mar Saba (e.g., part of the Codex Sinaiticus Rescriptus), the Cairo Genizah and the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. They often transmit rare texts lost in the Greek transmission (e.g. the Transitus Mariae; the hitherto unknown martyrdom of Patriklos of Caesarea, one of the eleven followers of Pamphilus of Caesarea; and a missing quire of Codex Climaci Rescriptus), or offer valuable readings for the textual criticism of the Septuagint. Inscriptions have been found in Palestine at ʿEn Suweinit, near ʿAbūd, at ʿUmm er-Rūs, in the Church of Saint Anne in Jerusalem, at Hippos in Galilee, and at Khirbet Qastra near Haifa. In Transjordan, inscriptions have been found on Mount Nebo (ʿAyūn Mūsa), in the vicinity of Amman (Khayyān el-Mushrif) and on tomb stones in Khirbet es-Samra. The manuscripts include a short letter on papyrus from Khibert Mird and at least one wooden board. The parchment manuscript fragments are Biblical (mostly in the form of lectionaries), Patristic, theological (e.g. the catecheses by Cyril of Jerusalem and homilies by John Chrysostom), hagiographic (mostly martyrs' lives) or apocryphal (e.g., the Transitus Mariae). The only dated manuscript is the Gospel lectionary of 1030. Features CPA can be distinguished from JPA and SA by the lack of direct influence from Hebrew and new Hebrew loanwords, its Hebrew loanwords being retained from an earlier symbiosis of Hebrew and Aramaic. It is also distinguished by the presence of Greek syntax (by partial retention in translation). Also, unlike JPA and SA, CPA is attested only in primary texts (mostly in palimpsests). There was no transmission of manuscripts after the language itself went out use as liturgical language. In comparison with its counterparts, therefore, the CPA corpus represents an older, more intact example of Western Aramaic from when the dialects were still living, spoken languages. Editions of texts Manuscripts Jan P. N. Land, Anecdota Syriaca IV (Leiden, 1875), pp. 177–233 [Latin], pp. 103–224 [Syropalestinian], pls. I–VI. James Rendall Harris, Biblical Fragments