addition, its accuracy holds up in even the most extreme of circumstances and leagues. For instance, when a solo home run is hit, base runs will correctly predict one run having been scored by the batting team. By contrast, when runs created assesses a solo HR, it predicts four runs to be scored; likewise, most linear weights-based formulas will predict a number close to 1.4 runs having been scored on a solo HR. This is because each of these models were developed to fit the sample of a 162-game MLB season; they work well when applied to that sample, of course, but are inaccurate when taken out of the environment for which they were designed. Base runs, on the other hand, can be applied to any sample at any level of baseball (provided it is possible to calculate the B multiplier), because it models the way the game of baseball operates, and not just for a 162-game season at the highest professional level. This means that base runs can be applied to high school or even little league statistics. Weaknesses of base runs From the TangoTiger wiki "Base runs adheres to more of the fundamental constraints on run scoring than most other run estimators, but it is by no means perfectly compliant. Some examples of shortcomings: Base runs will sometimes give a negative estimate; this happens when the B factor is negative. Base runs will sometimes project many more than three runners left on base per inning, despite the fact that three is the upper limit. For example, if walks have a B coefficient of .1, an inning with 10 walks and three outs will yield an estimate of 10*1/(1+3) = 2.5 runs, meaning that 7.5 runners must have been stranded. Tangotiger's research found that BsR overvalued events within the .500-.800 team OBP range One avenue for possible improvement in the model is the scoring rate estimator B/(B + C). There is no deep theory behind this construct--it was chosen because it worked empirically. It is possible that a better score rate estimator could be developed, although it would most likely have to be more complex than the current one." See also Sabermetrics Runs created Extrapolated runs References External links Tango on Baseball U.S. Patriot on BaseRuns (1) U.S. Patriot on BaseRuns (2) Base Runs: A Promising New Run Estimator Theoretical Team BaseRuns Baseball statistics