Carlo Ruini (1530–1598) was one of the most noted anatomists of the horse of the 16th century. He was born into a wealthy family in Bologna, Italy, and was privately educated in the style of most upper class children. He did not receive special training as a physician or attend the famous university in Bologna. It is unknown if he received special training in art. He appears to have been an avid collector of horses and a rider. His noted work, , appeared two months after his death in 1598 and was a milestone in equine veterinary publishing. It is especially known for its well drafted woodcut images of horse anatomy which were heavily influenced by human anatomical works published in the decades before, especially Andreas Vesalius' De Fabrica Corporis Humani (Basel, 1543). It was also the first (comprehensive) work or "monograph", as it is known, on the anatomy of any animal. Numerous editions of the work were published, and its images and text were often plagiarized, including the many errors found in the first edition. References Dunlop, Robert H. and David J. Williams. Veterinary Medicine: An Illustrated History. (St. Louis: Mosby, 1996). pp. 242–245. Karasszon, D. A Concise History of Veterinary Medicine. Trans. by E. Farkas. (Budapest: Akadémiai Kiado, 1988). pp. 253–254. Morton's Medical Bibliography (Garrison and Morton). Ed. By Jeremy Norman. Fifth ed. (Aldershot, Hants., England: Scolar Press; Brookfield, Vt., USA: Gower Pub. Co., 1991). No. 285. Prof. F. J. Cole, A History of Comparative Anatomy, p. 83, Macmillan & Co., London, 1944. Sources Adapted from public domain text at Carlo Ruini Biography. Historical Anatomies on the Web. US National Library of Medicine. External links Carlo Ruini: Anatomia del Cavallo, Infermità, et Suoi Rimedii. (In Venetia: Appresso Fioravante Prati, 1618). Selected pages scanned from the original work. Historical Anatomies on the Web. US National Library of Medicine. Selected images from Anatomia del cavallo From The College of Physicians of Philadelphia Digital Library Full scan of Anatomia del cavallo (1618) From the University of Edinburgh library 1530 births 1598 deaths Italian anatomists Italian veterinarians