Missouri 1970 Master of Science degree in physics, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California 1972 Master of Arts degree in business administration, New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas 1975 Squadron Officer School, by correspondence 1978 Air Command and Staff College, by correspondence 1986 Air War College, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama Assignments July 1968 – June 1970, graduate student, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, and Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio June 1970 – June 1974, physicist, Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico June 1974 – April 1976, research associate, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico April 1976 – February 1979, long-range planner, Headquarters Strategic Air Command, Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska February 1979 – August 1980, staff officer, research and development, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C. August 1980 – May 1982, executive assistant to the undersecretary of the Air Force, Washington, D.C. May 1982 – January 1983, deputy director, Office of Policy Analysis, Department of State, Washington, D.C. January 1983 – July 1985, office director for strategic nuclear policy, and director for defense and arms control matters, Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs, Department of State, Washington, D.C. July 1985 – July 1986, student, Air War College, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama July 1986 – June 1987, assistant deputy commander for maintenance, 44th Strategic Missile Wing, Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota June 1987 – May 1989, vice commander, then commander, 90th Strategic Missile Wing, Francis E. Warren Air Force Base, Wyoming May 1989 – January 1993, special assistant to the president for national security affairs and senior director for defense policy and arms control, National Security Council, Washington, D.C. January 1993 – June 1994, deputy undersecretary of defense and chief of staff for policy, Department of Defense, Washington, D.C. June 1994 – September 1995, director of operations, Headquarters Air Force Space Command, Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado September 1995 – September 1996, special assistant to the chief of staff for long-range planning, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C. September 1996 – October 1997, associate director of central intelligence for military support, Central Intelligence Agency, Washington, D.C. October 1997 – 2000, deputy director of central intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, Washington, D.C. Major awards and decorations Defense Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster Defense Superior Service Medal Legion of Merit Defense Meritorious Service Medal Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf cluster Air Force Commendation Medal Effective dates of