the second is the predicate. Example: PRON.3SG chief ' He is a chief.' The predicate locative is formed when a noun is followed by a location noun. Example: Pron.3SG PROPN 'He is there.' Verbal clauses Existential clauses express the existence of something by using the verb , equivalent to there is in English. Declarative clauses are used to denote a situation. (Note: realis and irrealis mood will be used) Example: 3SG=REAL-work=3SG 'He did it.' Imperative clauses are a sentence without a subject, but a second-person subject is assumed. Example: mi-to=nia! DIR-get=3SG 'Come get it!' Deontic clauses are like imperative clauses but in a command form. Example: 2PL=DEON-go 'You must leave!' Verbal morphology Among the Oceanic languages, Wuvulu has one of the most complex morphologies. Unlike Proto-Oceanic, Wuvulu does not use derivational morphology. It gets verb derivation from nouns and adjectives. Wuvulu also gets transitive verbs from intransitive verbs. To get verb derivation from nouns or adjectives (intransitive) and adjectives by adding a suffix (-i) to the noun or adjective. A verb from noun creates a sentence that means 'to be [noun or adjective]' when adding -i. When the suffix is combined with the prefix, the meaning of the sentence can be changed to 'to cause/let something become [noun or adjective]'. Example: 'the stone' 3SG=REAL-stone-DER 'It is stone.' 3SG=REAL-CAUS-stone-DER-TR PRON.3DU 'She turned the two to stone.' Intransitive verbs are formed from transitive verbs by adding the causative marker . Example: ʔi=na-poni 3SG=REAL-run 'He ran.' ʔi=na-fa-poni=a 3SG=REAL-CAUS-run=3SG 'She made it run.' Transitive Transitive verbs can come from adjectives when adding the causative marker -fa. Example: ʔi=na-fa-rawani=nia 3SG=REAL-CAUS-good=3SG 'He treated her well.' ʔi=na-fa-afelo=ia 3SG=REAL-CAUS-bad=3SG 'He destroyed it (lit. caused it to be bad).' Preverbal morphology "Preverbal morphemes within the Wuvulu verb phrase, consists of positions for subject clitics, and inflectional prefixes denoting mood/aspect and direction". Example: (SUBJECT=) (MOOD/ASPECT-) (DIRECTION-) VERB (-ADVERBIAL) (=OBJECT) (-DIRECTIONAL) Generally, the Oceanic language family tends to have pre-verbal morphemes that are free or prefixed. But in Wuvulu, pre-verbal and post-verbal morphemes are bounded by the verb stem, except for subjects and objects, which can be free nominals, verbal clitics, or both. Mood Like Proto-Oceanic, Wuvulu also lacks a tense category. Though it lacks a tense category, it tends to use mood, aspect markers, and time phrases to express tenses. The realis mood/marker inflection conveys past tense. () ro=na-biri=ʔia 3PL=REAL-work=3SG 'They did it.' However, an irrealis mood/marker does not convey