2006 and 2010, over 28 million trees were removed for being visibly infected or for being in contact with infected trees. This serves to remove the source of inoculum to prevent spread of the virus; however the method has not succeeded to significantly control the disease. Since there are alternative host species that could also serve as inoculum, their removal has been advised too. Although it has been suggested the importance of alternative hosts in cacao re-infection is not that great compared to cacao-cacao infection, it is still advised by Dzahini-Obiatey et al. that alternative hosts, such as Cola gigantea, be removed from newly planted fields. Before planting any new plantation, it is advised that all obviously infected trees in the surrounding plantations be removed beforehand. Also, a cordon, or gap, should be left around the entire plantation, putting the new plants a recommended 10 meters away from any old plantations that could contain infected trees. It is also recommended that the cordon be planted with a CSSV-resistant crop to provide a physical barrier to the mealy bug vectors. This is viewed as a waste of land, however, by farmers in Ghana who are set on growing only the valuable cacao plant, so they are resistant to the idea. This issue is being addressed by suggesting alternative money-making crops such as citrus and oil palm, which have promise as barriers that prevent the spread of CSSV. Farmers are also occasionally resistant to the idea of killing infected plants if they feel they can still get some harvest from them. In both cases, education through extension practices has been suggested as a means of convincing farmers to participate in these control measures, as well as more rigid implementation of these recommendations. If only a single seedling is infected in a new plantation, it may seem insignificant at first. However, once the canopy starts to grow together with interlocking branches, mealy bug movement is facilitated and the virus can quickly spread to the whole plantation. Since the virus is transmitted readily through seed, only seed that is known to be free of the virus should be planted. Planococcus njalensis population density is closely correlated with density of ants in the genus Crematogaster, which build protective carton tents over the mealy bug colonies. Crematogaster populations however are negatively correlated with populations of ants of the genus Oecophylla. This could be a natural biological