not affected by the new dissolution of February 1959. The periodical, which violently attacked Charles de Gaulle as far as publicly calling for his assassination, had turned into a monthly magazine in January after financial and readership difficulties. Articles were written by Jacques Ploncard d'Assac, Henry Coston, Pierre-Antoine Cousteau, and Tixier-Vignancour, among others. Joined by the young François d'Orcival, Pierre Poichet and Georges Schmeltz (known as "Pierre Marcenet") in September 1959, the last issue of the magazine Jeune Nation was seized four months later by the police on 28 January 1960. The three students then decided to found on 12 April 1960 the Federation of Nationalist Students (FEN). Initially favourable to the project, Sidos eventually opposed the euro-nationalist stance introduced by Venner and adopted by the FEN. He broke with the latter in 1964 to create Occident. Ideology Jeune Nation defended anti-parliamentarianism, corporatism, the French army and the colonial empire, racism, antisemitism, and advocated violent actions to overthrow the regime. They also dismissed political parties, communism, liberal democracy and what they saw as its embodiment, namely the United States. Agenda Their political agenda was the establishment of an "authoritarian and popular, national and social State," similar to the Révolution nationale of Vichy France: a new army to "educate the youth", the expropriation of housings formerly possessed by "expelled métèques [wogs] deemed undesirable", an Italian fascist-like corporatist unionism, the "elimination of stateless capitalism and effortless incomes" and the founding of a state led by a "selected and politically educated" elite. Jeune Nation was however less vichyst than other contemporary nostalgic movements whose main raison d'être was the defence of the memory of Philippe Pétain. The movement tried to launch a revolutionary fight outside of the parliamentary system in order to overthrow the Fourth Republic, which was according to them "the only hope for nationalism". Jean Malardier, adherent of Jeune Nation and former LVF member, described the group as "aspiring and devoting the whole of itself to the national insurrection". The ideas of "democracy" and "decadence" were interwoven in the group's analysis of society, their doctrine stating that "fighting against [France's] decadence [meant] fighting against the [democratic] regime". Jeune Nation also referred to the achievement of a "second revolution", the first one being that of 1940 and evidently not that of 1789. They also envisaged the construction of Europe "from Narvik to Cape Town" and "from Brest to Bucharest", "founded on the