are very bright' where is used to signify a particular constellation of stars that is close when compared to another constellation not explicitly stated here, but is being referenced. Similarly, those star REAL bright 'those stars are bright' where , the plural demonstrative, is used to indicate a far distance, as 'those' stars are far, relative to another undefined group of stars. These two examples allow for a clear demonstration of the requirement for spatial deictics, that they can be used to express the difference between relative spatial positioning. While not a related language (and thus, not to be directly compared), this distinction occurs in English discourse through words like that or those, allowing for a depth of communication not otherwise available. These elements can be seen at work in the languages of the Oceanic region, and often follow similar patterns in terms of semantic organization to allow for these distinctions to be made. Singular demonstrative identifiers and articles are modified in instances of animation, as well as spatial context. The below close demonstratives allow for determination of what is being referred to, whether inanimate or animate. It is interesting to note that plural identifiers of demonstratives in Wuvulu-Aua do not account for animation, and where animation is expressed, it is limited to humans or spiritual beings or deities with personality. 'this father' 'this canoe' When discussing the living father, the animate demonstrative is used, but for the inanimate canoe, is used, showing a distinction for the living being. This distinction is not limited to close demonstratives, but is seen in far and unspecified distances also: 'that father' 'that canoe' 'the father' 'the canoe' These distinctions are summarized in the table above, and allow the hearer to determine within the context what is being referred to, as given by the deictic that marks for animation and position in space. This allows for further depth of discourse within the language, and is an important process within language formation to allow for nuanced discourse. Functions of demonstratives Particular referents Demonstratives in Wuvulu can be referents and surround a noun phrase (NP) to emphasize it as the focus of the sentence. This is key as it allows for clarification in discourse and serves in identificiation purposes. For example: this person this REAL-marry yesterday 'this particular person married yesterday' Pronominal demonstratives Demonstratives can also function in the position of a pronoun as NP arguments.