in Industrial and Production Management, and Master of Science [M.Sc] as well as Master of Engineering [ME] in Design, which is a subdiscipline of manufacturing. Doctoral [PhD] or [DEng] level courses in manufacturing are also available depending on the university. The undergraduate degree curriculum generally includes courses in physics, mathematics, computer science, project management, and specific topics in mechanical and manufacturing engineering. Initially such topics cover most, if not all, of the subdisciplines of manufacturing engineering. Students then choose to specialize in one or more subdisciplines towards the end of their degree work. Syllabus The Foundational Curriculum for a Bachelor's Degree of Manufacturing Engineering or Production Engineering includes below mentioned syllabus. This syllabus is closely related to Industrial Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, but it differs by placing more emphasis on Manufacturing Science or Production Science. It includes the following areas: Mathematics (Calculus, Differential Equations, Statistics and Linear Algebra) Mechanics (Statics & Dynamics) Solid Mechanics Fluid Mechanics Materials Science Strength of Materials Fluid Dynamics Hydraulics Pneumatics HVAC (Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning) Heat Transfer Applied Thermodynamics Energy Conversion Instrumentation and Measurement Engineering Drawing (Drafting) & Engineering Design Engineering Graphics Mechanism Design including Kinematics and Dynamics Manufacturing Processes Mechatronics Circuit Analysis Lean Manufacturing Automation Reverse Engineering Quality Control CAD(Computer aided Design which includes Solid Modelling) and CAM (Computer aided Manufacturing) A degree in Manufacturing Engineering typically differs from Mechanical Engineering in only a few specialized classes. Mechanical Engineering degrees focus more on the product design process and on complex products which requires more mathematical expertise. Manufacturing engineering certification Certification and licensure: In some countries, "professional engineer" is the term for registered or licensed engineers who are permitted to offer their professional services directly to the public. Professional Engineer, abbreviated (PE - USA) or (PEng - Canada), is the designation for licensure in North America. In order to qualify for this license, a candidate needs a bachelor's degree from an ABET recognized university in the USA, a passing score on a state examination, and four years of work experience usually gained via a structured internship. In the USA, more recent graduates have the option of dividing this licensure process into two segments. The Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam is often taken immediately after graduation and the Principles and Practice of Engineering exam is taken after four years of working in a chosen engineering field. Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME) certification (USA): The SME