resulted in more complex network designs. Designing a SCN involves creating a network that incorporates all the facilities, means of production, products, and transportation assets owned by the organization or those not owned by the organization but which immediately support the supply-chain operations and product flow. The design should also include details of the number and location of facilities: plants, warehouses, and supplier base. Therefore, it can be said that a SCN design is the combination of nodes with capability and capacity, connected by lanes to help products move between facilities As accessibility to data continues to improve, it is becoming increasingly important for organizations to make data-driven supply chain network design decisions regarding transportation procurement, based on accurate freight data. There is no definitive way to design a SCN as the network footprint, the capability and capacity, and product flow—all intertwine and are interdependent. Following on from this, there is also no single optimal SCN design, in designing the network there is an apparent trade-off between responsiveness, risk tolerance and efficiency. Despite the network design inefficacies for a standard model, modern technologists cite the advantages of a connected ecosystem. An intertwined network of shippers, carriers, operators, brokers, and all incumbent entities within the supply-demand continuum. Donned as a freight platform, it acts as an online marketplace for loads and hauls. Shippers and carriers connect to haul freight and benefit from the latest tech innovations that proffer value-added services to the platform users. Real-time visibility, ETA, live status updates - with freight ecosystems, shippers are poised to be close with their orders, and carriers assume greater asset control. Reverse Supply-Chain Network Design A new requirement for 'reverse supply-chain network design' has arisen from the environmental impact of end-of-life goods. This particular network design addresses logistical issues such as collection, processing and recycling of end-of-life goods. Companies that design both forward and reverse supply-chain processes together, with recycling & disposal in mind, have been noted to have the greatest success. Through this, organizations can support goods from production to disposal creating a 'closed-loop system'. Examples of reverse supply network design Bosch is a company that capitalizes on this closed-loop system by building sensors into their power tool motor. Bosch can quickly assess the state of a motor reducing the cost of inspection and disposal, thereby increasing their profit margin on refurbished power tools. Supply-Chain-Network Risk Analysis Though designing a supply-chain network