tredecim and M. neotredecim in their narrow range of overlap show reproductive character displacement (RCD) that makes them even more distinct. (RCD functions to prevent reproductive overlap.) RCD is particularly noticeable in Brood XIX. For Brood XIX in Alabama, adults of M. tredecula are less common than those of M. tredecim and M. tredecassini. Geographical distribution Most maps of cicada distribution originate from 19th-century compilations that may show ranges much wider than those of current broods. The National Geographic Society is gathering reports from the public about the geographical distribution of Brood XIX as part of a larger project to remap the distribution of Magicicada. Older maps show occurrences of Brood XIX cicadas in Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. Across most of the range of Brood XIX, one observes M. tredecim in the southern regions and M. neotredecim in more northern ones, with some overlap in the westernmost region (mostly Missouri and Illinois). 2011 emergence In early May 2011, cicadas began emerging throughout an area roughly enclosed by Georgia, Texas, Alabama, North Carolina, Missouri, and Tennessee. The next three appearances will be in 2024, 2037 and 2050. Clarinetist David Rothenberg performed with these cicadas, and has also performed with Brood II. News reports of the cicadas' emergence in Illinois included links to a video showing holes in the ground left by larval emergence, an adult cicada breaking out of its larval shell, and massed adult cicadas marching up tree trunks. By June 8, 2011, a North Carolina newspaper reported that adult cicadas, which typically live for about a month, were dying en masse. Nymphs from eggs that have been laid by Brood XIX females will emerge from the earth again in 2024, to restart the cycle. Bibliography Magicicada Central More, Thomas, Singing Insects of North America, University of Florida map Post, Susan L. The Trill of a Life Time, photographs by Michael R. Jeffords, The Illinois Steward, Spring 2004. Stannard, Jr., Lewis. The Distribution of Periodical Cicadas in Illinois, 1975. References External links "Brood XIX (13-year), Cicada Mania "Magicicada Broods", More, Thomas, Singing Insects of North America, University of Florida map Post, Susan L. The Trill of a Life Time, photographs by Michael R. Jeffords, The Illinois Steward, Spring 2004. Video of emerging Brood XIX cicadas in Illinois, 2011 Video of Brood XIX cicadas responding to the saxophone playing of David