Bald's Leechbook (also known as Medicinale Anglicum) is an Old English medical text in English and old Latin probably compiled in the mid-tenth century, possibly under the influence of Alfred the Great's educational reforms. The term Leechbook is not related to leeches as such, although they were used in ancient medicine, but a modernisation of the Old English word lǣċe-bōc ('book of medical prescriptions', literally Old English lǣċe 'physician' + bōc). The Leechbook'''s name comes from its owner; a Latin verse colophon at the end of the second book begins Bald habet hunc librum Cild quem conscribere iussit, meaning "Bald owns this book which he ordered Cild to compile." The text survives in only one manuscript, which is in the British Library in London, England, and can be viewed in digitised form online. The manuscript contains a further medical text, called Leechbook III, which is also covered in this article. Structure and content Both of the books of Bald's Leechbook are organised in a head-to-foot order, but the first book deals with external maladies and the second with internal disorders. Cameron notes, "this separation of external and internal diseases may be unique in medieval medical texts". Cameron notes, "in Bald's Leechbook is the only plastic surgery mentioned in Anglo-Saxon records". The recipe in question prescribes surgery for a cleft lip and palate. Cameron also notes that of the Old English Medical compilations "Leechbook III reflects most closely the medical practice of the Anglo-Saxons while they were still relatively free of Mediterranean influences," in contrast to Bald's Leechbook, which "shows a conscious effort to transfer to Anglo-Saxon practice what one physician considered most useful in native and Mediterranean medicine," and the Lacnunga, which is "a sort of commonplace book with no other apparent aim than to record whatever items of medical interest came to the scribe's attention".. Oswald Cockayne, who edited and translated the Leechbook in 1865, made note in his introduction of what he termed 'a Norse element' in the text, and gave as example words such as torbegete, rudniolin, ons worm, and Fornets palm. Cures One cure for headache was to bind a stalk of crosswort to the head with a red kerchief. Chilblains were treated with a mix of eggs, wine, and fennel root. Agrimony was cited as a cure for male impotence - when boiled in milk, it could excite a man who was "insufficiently virile"; when