act, the climax of the entire play, is typified by pathos and tragedy. The plot achieves its dramatic climax. Takemoto describes the fourth act as a michiyuki (journey), which eases out of the intense drama of the climactic act, and often consists primarily of song and dance rather than dialogue and plot. The fifth act, then, is a rapid conclusion. All loose ends are tied up, and the play returns to an auspicious setting. Poetry In 1356, it was Nijō Yoshimoto who established the sequential pattern of renga, haikai and noh by requiring jo-ha-kyū for renga in his See also Dramatic structure Shuhari Three-act structure Kishōtenketsu, contrasting 4-part structure References Japanese aesthetics Theatre in Japan Chadō Japanese literary terminology Japanese martial arts terminology Kendo Words and phrases with no direct English translation