This is a list of systems scientists, people who made notable contributions in the field of the systems sciences: A Russell L. Ackoff (1919–2009) American scientist in the field of management science, operations research and systems theory. Genrich Altshuller (1926–1998) Russian engineer and scientist, and inventor of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving. Pyotr Anokhin (1898–1974) Russian biologist and physiologist who made important contributions to cybernetics and functional systems. Leo Apostel (1925–1995) Belgian philosopher who advocated of interdisciplinary research between exact science and humanities. W. Brian Arthur (born 1945) Irish economist, expert on economics and complexity theory in technology and financial markets, and other applications. W. Ross Ashby (1903–1972) English psychiatrist and a pioneer field of complex systems. B Per Bak (1948–2002) Danish theoretical physicist, to whom is attributed the development of the concept of self-organized criticality. Bela H. Banathy (1919–2003) Hungarian systems scientist, design scientist, educator, author and coordinator of many international systems research conferences. Béla A. Bánáthy (born 1946?) American systems scientist, who works at the International Systems Institute at the Saybrook Graduate School. Yaneer Bar-Yam (born 1959) American physicist, systems scientist and founding president of the New England Complex Systems Institute. Gregory Bateson (1904–1980) British anthropologist, social scientist, linguist, and cyberneticist whose work intersected that of many other fields. Kenneth D. Bailey (born 1943) American sociologist, who worked in the field of research methods, systems theory and environmental demography and ecology. Stafford Beer (1926–2002) British management scientist, known for his work in the fields of operational research and management cybernetics. Maamar Bettayeb (born 1953) Algerian control theorist and systems scientist in the fields of singular value decomposition and model order reduction. Harold Stephen Black (1898–1983) American electrical engineer, who revolutionized the field of applied electronics by inventing the negative feedback amplifier in 1927. Alexander Bogdanov (1873–1928) Russian physician, philosopher, economist, science fiction writer, and revolutionary. Kenneth E. Boulding (1910–1993) British economist, educator, peace activist, poet, religious mystic, devoted Quaker, systems scientist, and interdisciplinary philosopher. Murray Bowen (1913–1990) American psychiatrist and pioneers of family therapy and systemic therapy. Valentino Braitenberg (1926–2011) German neurologist and cyberneticist and pioneer in embodied cognitive science. Richard Peirce Brent (born 1946) Australian mathematician and computer scientist who is known for Brent's method of root finding. Gerrit Broekstra (born 1941) Dutch scientist and professor of organizational behavior and systems sciences. Walter F. Buckley (1922–2006) American sociologist, and among the first to apply General systems