Pseudo-scholarship (from pseudo- and scholarship) is a term used to describe work (e.g., publication, lecture) or a body of work that is presented as, but is not, the product of rigorous and objective study or research; the act of producing such work; or the pretended learning upon which it is based. Examples of pseudo-scholarship include: Pseudoarchaeology Pseudohistory Pseudolinguistics Pseudomathematics Pseudophilosophy Pseudoscience See also Chaos magic Conspiracy theory Counterknowledge Crank (person) Fallacy Fringe science Fringe theory Ignoratio elenchi Junk science Predatory journal Proto-science References External links Pseudo-scholarship Barriers to critical thinking