on her head and a gown with vair-lined hanging sleeves or tippets. Illustration from the French Romance of Alexander, 1338–44. Italian fashion of this period features broad bands of embroidered or woven trim on the dress and around the sleeves. Siena, c. 1340. A bride wears a long fur-lined gown with hanging sleeves over a tight-sleeved kirtle, with a veil. Her gown is trimmed with embroidery or (more likely) braid. A royal lady wears a blue mantle hanging from her shoulders; her hair is worn in two braids beneath her crown. Italy, 1350s. An indiscreet young woman wears an early houppelande and poulaines, the long pointed shoes that would be worn through most of the next century by the most fashionable. Her hair is wrapped and twisted around her head, late 14th century. Hungarian fashion showing Elizabeth of Poland and her children. From the Chronicon Pictum, 14th century. Footwear Footwear during the 14th century generally consisted of the turnshoe, which was made out of leather. It was fashionable for the toe of the shoe to be a long point, which often had to be stuffed with material to keep its shape. A carved wooden-soled sandal-like type of clog or overshoe called a patten would often be worn over the shoe outdoors, as the shoe by itself was generally not waterproof. Working class clothing Images from a 14th-century manuscript of Tacuinum Sanitatis, a treatise on healthful living, show the clothing of working people: men wear short or knee-length tunics and thick shoes, and women wear knotted kerchiefs and gowns with aprons. For hot summer work, men wear shirts and braies and women wear chemises. Women tuck their gowns up when working. See also 1100–1200 in European fashion 1400–1500 in European fashion Byzantine dress Notes References Alexander, Jonathan, and Paul Binski (eds), Age of Chivalry, Art in Plantagenet England, 1200–1400, Royal Academy/Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1987 Black, J. Anderson, and Madge Garland: A History of Fashion, 1975, Crowfoot, Elizabeth, Frances Prichard and Kay Staniland, Textiles and Clothing c. 1150 -c. 1450, Museum of London, 1992, Favier, Jean, Gold and Spices: The Rise of Commerce in the Middle Ages, London, Holmes and Meier, 1998, Kohler, Carl: A History of Costume, Dover Publications reprint, 1963, Koslin, Désirée and Janet E. Snyder, eds.: Encountering Medieval Textiles and Dress: Objects, texts, and Images, Macmillan, 2002, Laver, James: The Concise History of Costume and Fashion, Abrams, 1979