Africans massacred by three Arabs who worked for Livingstone's associate, the Arab ruler and slave trader Dugumbe. The cause behind this attack is stated to be retaliation for actions of Manilla, the head slave who had sacked villages of Mohombo people at the instigation of the Wagenya chieftain Kimburu. The Arabs attacked the shoppers and Kimburu's people. Researchers who scanned Livingstone's diary stated that he feared that his own men might have been involved in it. The account describing the massacre was changed in the "Last Journals" published in 1874. While his published journal blamed Dugumbe's men, it is Manilla who seems to be leading the raid and breaking the treaty with Kimburu according to the researchers who decoded his diary. In the diary, he states that he had sent the Banian slaves, liberated slaves who were sent to him by John Kirk, to assist Manilla's brother which may indicate their role in the attack. In addition, the field diary doesn't contain any record of Livingstone refuting the Muslims who accused the English of the massacre. In the published journal however, the events are changed and much of the reprobate behaviour of Banian slaves mentioned by Livingstone is omitted. It was the last known town for people coming from the East, and Livingstone thought that the Lualaba was the high part of the Nile River. Verney Lovett Cameron visited the town in 1874. In 1877 Henry Morton Stanley followed the river downstream from Nyangwe with local reigning Tippu Tip, and as he arrived in Boma, he established that this was the Congo River. Hermann von Wissmann visited Nyangwe in 1883. Notes Populated places established in 1860 Populated places in Maniema Lualaba River