purchased production rights and technical data to the DC-3 for $90,000. The aircraft was extensively redesigned to use Japanese raw materials and the Pratt & Whitney Twin Wasp engines were replaced with Mitsubishi Kinsei 43 radial engines. Production initially lagged behind expectations until 1942. Japanese DC-3s were given the Navy designation L2D-2 (L-transport, 2-second Douglas type, D-Douglas, 2-second sub-type). L2D1 was used for imported DC-3s. The Japanese built eight subtypes in two basic configurations, as passenger transport and as cargo planes. In two years Nakajima built 71 L2D-2s before handing production over to Showa, which built 416, including 75 freighters equipped with a large side door. Laos Royal Lao Air Force Received ex-RAAF C-47s as foreign aid. Libya Royal Libyan Air Force - operated several C-47Bs donated in the 1960s by the United States. Morocco Royal Moroccan Air Force - received a few DC-3s in 1961, handed over by Royal Air Maroc. As of 1962, 10 C-47s were on strength. Four additional aircraft were delivered by the United States around 1964. At least 10 C-47s were still operational as of 1975. However, they have been retired before 1985. Mozambique LAM Mozambique Airlines and its predecessor Direcção de Exploração de Transportes Aéreos Netherlands Royal Netherlands Air Force Dutch Naval Aviation Service Royal Netherlands East Indies Air Force – Postwar New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force: Operated C-47s between 1942 and 1977. No. 40 Squadron RNZAF No. 41 Squadron RNZAF No. 42 Squadron RNZAF Niger Niger Air Force Four C-47s received in the 1960s. North Yemen Yemen Arab Republic Air Force Norway Royal Norwegian Air Force Pakistan Pakistan Air Force Received eight C-47 Dakota cargo planes which it used to transport supplies to soldiers fighting in the 1947 War in Kashmir against India. Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Defence Force Air Operations Element A total of seven ex-Royal Australian Air Force C-47s were transferred to the PNGDF following independence in 1973. Paraguay Paraguayan Air Force (FAP) Transporte Aéreo Militar (TAM): Between 1953 and 1998, TAM operated 33 Douglas C-47/DC-3s. The first five aircraft were purchased in the U.S. The U.S. government, through MAP donated 21 C-47s between 1962 and 1973. Chile donated 2 C-47s in 1981 and Brazil 2 C-47 in 1984. Paraguayan Naval Aviation (ANP) Servicio Aero Naval (SAN): In 1981, the Argentinian Naval Aviation donated one C-47 to its Paraguayan counterpart. Líneas Aéreas Paraguayas (LAP): This airline used