a Nobel Prize, Davis along with Masatoshi Koshiba won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2002 after the solar neutrino problem was solved for their contributions in helping solve the problem. Pontecorvo, known as the first astrophysicist to suggest the idea neutrinos have some mass and can oscillate, never received a Nobel Prize for his contributions due to his passing in 1993. Arthur B. McDonald, a Canadian physicist, was a key contributor in building the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) in the mid 1980s and later became the director of the SNO and leader of the team that solved the solar neutrino problem. McDonald, along with Japanese physicist Kajita Takaaki both received a Nobel Prize for their work discovering the oscillation of neutrinos in 2015. Current research and findings The critical issue of the solar neutrino problem, that many astrophysicists interested in solar neutrinos studied and attempted to solve in late 1900s and early 2000s, is solved. In the 21st century, even without a main problem to solve, there is still unique and novel research ongoing in this field of astrophysics. Solar neutrino flux at keV energies This research, published in 2017, aimed to solve the solar neutrino and antineutrino flux for extremely low energies (keV range). Processes at these low energies consisted vital information that told researchers about the solar metallicity. Solar metallicity is the measure of elements present in the particle that are heavier than hydrogen and helium, typically in this field this element is usually iron. The results from this research yielded significantly different findings compared to past research in terms of the overall flux spectrum. Currently technology does not yet exist to put these findings to the test. Limiting neutrino magnetic moments with Borexino Phase-II solar neutrino data This research, published in 2017, aimed to search for the solar neutrino effective magnetic moment. The search was completed using data from exposure from the Borexino experiment's second phase which consisted of data over 1291.5 days (3.54 years). The results yielded that the electron recoil spectrum shape was as expected with no major changes or deviations from it. See also Neutrino detector Neutral particle oscillation Solar neutrino unit Stellar nucleosynthesis Supernova neutrinos Diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) References Further reading Nuclear fusion Neutrino Neutrino astronomy