field service in 1945, relegated to training purposes and finally declared obsolete in 1959 with the 5.5 inch gun replacing it. Both Mks were normally towed by the AEC Matador 4 × 4 medium artillery tractor. The Germans gave captured guns the designation 11.4 cm K 365(e). The US 4.5 inch gun M1 used the same shell design, Mk 1D in UK service with a 6/10 crh. This design was noted for its small amount of HE ( in a shell) but the larger fragments that resulted were suited to its counter-battery role. Apart from HE, the only other type of shell was flare used to indicate targets for air attack. It had propellant in charges 1, 2 and 3. 'Intense' rate of fire was two rounds per minute, 'normal' rate was one round; 'gunfire' rate was two to three rounds per minute. Variants Mark 1 New 4.5 inch ordnance on 60 pounder carriage introduced in the 1930s used by the Royal Artillery in France and North Africa in the Second World War. Mark II Modified ordnance on carriage 4.5 inch and 5.5 inch in use in the Second World War from 1941 by British and Canadian artillery. See also BL 4.5 inch medium guns in action 122 mm gun M1931/37 (A-19) approximate Soviet equivalent 10 cm sK 18 approximate German equivalent, smaller caliber 4.5-inch gun M1 United States equivalent, fired same ammunition BL 5.5-inch medium gun shared carriage References External links Specifications sheet Artillery of the United Kingdom World War II artillery of the United Kingdom World War II field artillery 114 mm artillery World War II military equipment of Canada Military equipment introduced in the 1930s