Uff da! (sometimes also spelled oof-da, oofda, oofala, oof-dah, oofdah, huffda, uff-da, uffda, uff-dah, ufda, , or uf daa) is a Scandinavian exclamation or interjection used to express dismay, typically upon hearing bad news. Of Norwegian origin, the phrase was brought by Scandinavian Americans to the Upper Midwest, New England, and Pacific Northwest regions of the United States during the 19th century, where its meaning was broadened to express also surprise, astonishment, exhaustion, or relief. Danish and Norwegian usage In Danish and Norwegian language, (Danish and older Norwegian spelling) or (current Norwegian spelling) is a mild and polite vernacular interjection used when something is unpleasant, uncomfortable, hurtful, annoying, sad, or irritating. The word is an onomatopoeia corresponding to English oof, Dutch and German . Other similar interjections exist in Danish, e.g. or , and Norwegian, e.g. . may be used in Norwegian as a response when hearing something lamentable (but not too serious), and can be translated as "Oh, I'm sorry to hear that". is derived from Old Norse meaning 'then' in this context (similar to e.g. the response "ok, then"); both and English then (from Old English , , ) are derived from Proto-Germanic * ('at that (time), then'). The Swedish exclamations and are similar in meaning, with Swedish corresponding to Norwegian . Uff is a Swedish word with the same meaning as the Norwegian word, it is documented in writing from 1770. North American usage Uff da is a marker of Scandinavian heritage, predominantly heard in the upper Midwest, which has a significant population with Scandinavian roots. It also is used throughout the Pacific Northwest, particularly in the Washington cities of Ballard and Stanwood. Its variety of meanings let it substitute for common obscenities. Within Scandinavian-American culture, uff da frequently translates to "I am overwhelmed", somewhat similar to the Yiddish phrase oy vey. It has also been applied to places and events, such as: Uff-Da Airport, located in Stoughton, Wisconsin. Uffda Fest!, an annual event held in Spring Grove, Minnesota. Uff Da Days, an annual event held in Ostrander, Minnesota. Uffda Day Fall Festival, an annual event held in Rutland, North Dakota. The Uff-Da Shoppe, located in Stanwood, Washington. See also Culture of Minnesota Culture of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan Culture of Wisconsin List of English words of Norwegian origin References Further reading Allen, Harold B. (1973). The Linguistic Atlas of the Upper Midwest, Volume 1, (Minneapolis: