English this is most common in borrowings from Latin, and borrowings from French that are themselves from Latin; less commonly from Greek directly and through Latin. In case of borrowing cognate terms, rather than descendants, most simply an existing doublet can be borrowed: two contemporary twin terms can be borrowed. More remotely, cognate terms from different languages can be borrowed, such as sauce (Old French) and salsa (Spanish), both ultimately from Latin, or tea (Dutch ) and chai (Hindi), both ultimately from Chinese. This last pair reflects the history of how tea has entered English via different trade routes. By language English Many thousands of English examples can be found, grouped according to their earliest deducible Indo-European ancestor. In some cases over a hundred English words can be traced to a single root. Some examples in English include: host and guest: via Latin and Germanic strange and extraneous: Old French, Latin word and verb: Germanic, Latin shadow, shade, and shed, all from Old English "shadow, shade" stand, stay, state, status, and static: native, Middle French, Latin (twice), and Ancient Greek via Latin, all from the same Indo-European root chief, chef, cape, capo, caput, and head: French (twice), Latin via French, Italian, Latin, and Germanic, all from the same Indo-European word * "head") secure and sure: Latin, French capital, cattle, and chattel: Latin, Norman French, and standard French plant and clan: Latin, Latin via Old Irish right, rich, raj, rex, regalia, regal, reign, royal, and real: Germanic, Celtic, Sanskrit, Latin (twice), French (three times), and Portuguese cognates, all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European h₃reǵ- "to straighten, to right oneself, right, just" carton and cartoon, both ultimately Italian "carton" ward and guard: Old English, French, both originally Germanic; also warden and guardian chrism and cream: Greek via Latin, Greek via Latin and French cow and beef: Germanic via Old English, Latin via French; both ultimately Proto-Indo-European gʷṓws pipe and fife: both from Germanic, via Old English and German wheel, cycle, and chakra: Germanic, Greek via Latin, Sanskrit, all from Proto-Indo-European * "wheel" frenetic and frantic: Greek, via Old French and Latin cave and cavern, from Latin , via French and Germanic languages direct, from Latin, and derecho, from Latin via Spanish price, prise, prize, praise, pry (a lever), and prix, all from French, some diverged in English corn, kernel and grain, all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *, the first two natively via Proto-Germanic (g →