Shore, along with irrigated vegetable farming. In Southern Maryland tobacco farming had nearly vanished by the century's end, due to suburban housing development and a state tobacco incentive buy-out program. Industrial, railroad, and coal-mining jobs in the four westernmost counties declined, but that area's economy was helped by expansion of outdoor recreational tourism and new technology jobs and industries. As the 21st century dawned, Maryland joined neighboring states in a new initiative to save the health of Chesapeake Bay, whose aquatic life and seafood industry are threatened by waterfront residential development, as well as by fertilizer and livestock waste entering the bay, especially from Pennsylvania's Susquehanna River. In addition, about of Maryland shore are eroded per year due to the land sinking and rising sea levels. In 2013, Maryland abolished capital punishment. See also Outline of Maryland#History of Maryland Government of Maryland Colonial South and the Chesapeake History of the Southern United States History of Washington, D.C. List of people from Maryland Timeline of Baltimore African Americans in Maryland Maryland in the American Civil War History of slavery in Maryland References Further reading Timeline of Maryland: Brugger, Robert J. Maryland, A Middle Temperament: 1634–1980 (1996) full scale history Chappelle, Suzanne. Jean H. Baker, Dean R. Esslinger, and Whitman H. Ridgeway. Maryland: A History of its People (1986) Colonial to 1860 Arson, Steven, "Yeoman Farmers in a Planters' Republic: Socioeconomic Conditions and Relations in Early National Prince George's County, Maryland," Journal of the Early Republic, 29 (Spring 2009), 63–99. Brackett; Jeffrey R. The Negro in Maryland: A Study of the Institution of Slavery (1969) online edition Browne, Gary Lawson. Baltimore in the Nation, 1789–1861 (1980) Carr, Lois Green, Philip D. Morgan, Jean Burrell Russo, eds. Colonial Chesapeake Society (1991) Craven, Avery. Soil Exhaustion as a Factor in the Agricultural History of Virginia and Maryland, 1606–1860 (1925; reprinted 2006) Curran, Robert Emmett, ed. Shaping American Catholicism: Maryland and New York, 1805–1915 (2012) excerpt and text search Curran, Robert Emmett. Papist Devils: Catholics in British America, 1574–1783 (2014) Fields, Barbara. Slavery and Freedom on the Middle Ground: Maryland During the Nineteenth Century (1987) Hoffman, Ronald. Princes of Ireland, Planters of Maryland: A Carroll Saga, 1500–1782 (2000) 429pp . Hoffman, Ronald. A Spirit of Dissension: Economics, Politics, and the Revolution in Maryland (1973) Kulikoff, Allan. Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680–1800 (1988) Main, Gloria L. Tobacco Colony: Life