the Katehrias, had rebelled and invaded the Tarai region. The raja of Kumaon had complained to Shah Jahan, who then sent Rustam Khan to deal with the disturbance. Rustam Khan did so "with great vigor": he not only captured Chaupala and put Ramsukh to death, but also refounded the city as Rustamnagar (named after himself), building a new fort and great mosque and making the place his new capital. The ruins of which were still visible as of the early 20th century in the form of a wall along the riverfront. The mosque is also extant, with an inscription dated to 1632. The fort and mosque remain among the oldest major monuments in Moradabad today. The name "Rustamnagar" was short-lived, however. Shah Jahan soon called Rustam Khan to his court and demanded an explanation for why he had exceeded his orders. In an attempt to placate the emperor, Rustam Khan said that he had named it Muradabad in honor of the young prince, Murad Bakhsh. The emperor was satisfied and permitted Rustam Khan to remain in charge of the new city, which now came to replace Sambhal as the Mughal governors' capital, and the name Muradabad (or Moradabad) has been in use ever since. Smart City Moradabad was figured amongst the PM Narendra Modi's ambitious 100 Smart City list in India in 2015. Climate During summers the temperature is usually from 43 °C to 30 °C and during winters it is from 25 °C to 5 °C. Moradabad has a history of flash floods occurring due to the over-flooding of Ramganga river. Demographics According to the 2011 census Moradabad City has a population of 887,871. The population of Moradabad district was 4,772,006, roughly equal to the nation of Singapore or the US state of Alabama. It is the second most populated district in the state of Uttar Pradesh. This gives it a ranking of 26th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 25.25%. Moradabad has a sex ratio of 903 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 58.67%. Famous cuisine Moradabad is known for its historic dishes. Moradabadi Daal Moradabadi Biryani Education Higher education institutions in Moradabad Moradabad Institute of Technology Teerthanker Mahaveer University IFTM University Hindu College Police training academy Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Police Academy, Moradabad is