notably seeking support in Marseille to return to Italy as a private individual. The former duchess' requests were denied, but she was able to stay in Austria for a time thanks to the efforts of her brother, Jérôme Bonaparte, before moving to the Villa Caprara in Trieste. Napoleon was exiled to Elba on 13 April 1814 under the Treaty of Fontainebleau, and Élisa was arrested on 25 March and interned in the Austrian fortress of Brünn. She was freed at the end of August and authorized to stay in Trieste with the title of "Countess of Compignano". Élisa acquired a country house at Villa Vicentina near Cervignano after her release and financed several archaeological digs in the region. She contracted a fatal illness in June 1820, probably at an excavation site, and died on 7 August at the age of 43. Élisa became the only adult sibling of Napoleon Bonaparte not to survive the emperor. She was buried in the San Petronio Basilica of Bologna. Marriage and issue She married Felice Pasquale Baciocchi Levoy, a member of Corsican nobility, on 1 May 1797, created Prince Français, Duke of Lucca and Prince of Piombino and Prince of Massa-Carrara and La Garfagnana. They were parents of five children: Felix Napoléon Baciocchi Levoy (1798–1799). Napoléon Baciocchi (1803-1803). Elisa Napoléone Baciocchi Levoy (1806–1869); married Philippe, Comte Camerata-Passioneï de Mazzoleni (1805–1882), and had one son: Charles Félix Jean-Baptiste Camerata-Passionei di Mazzoleni (1826–1853) Jérôme Charles Baciocchi Levoy (1810–1811). Frédéric Napoléon Baciocchi Levoy (1814–1833). Bibliography Florence Vidal, Élisa Bonaparte, éd. Pygmalion, 2005. 310 p. () Emmanuel de Beaufond, Élisa Bonaparte, princesse de Lucques et de Piombino, Paris : L'Univers (brochure hors-série du quotidien catholique), 1895. 32 p. Paul Marmottan, Élisa Bonaparte, Paris : H. Champion, 1898. 317 p. Jean d'Hertault, comte de Beaufort (under the pseudonym Jean de Beaufort), Élisa Bonaparte, princesse de Lucques et Piombino, grande-duchesse de Toscane (1777–1820), 1904 (brochure de 16 pages) Sforza, Giovanni, I figli di Elisa Baciocchi, in Ricordi e biografie lucchesi, Lucca, tip.ed. Baroni 1916 [ma 1918]. pp. 269–293 References |- Bonaparte, Elisa Bonaparte, Elisa House of Bonaparte Bonaparte, Elisa Bonaparte, Elisa Princes of Piombino 19th-century women rulers