divided or separate training. The warigeiko are skills practiced separately from actual temae (tea or charcoal procedures); since they form the basis of temae, they must be acquired before a student begins making tea. They include: Basic tea room knowledge opening and closing sliding doors; walking in the tea room; how and where to sit; how and when to bow; basic guest behaviour including use of fans Fukusa folding, opening and handling the fukusa Natsume the natsume is the first type of tea container students learn to use. Skills include how to fill the container with tea; how to pick it up, hold it, and put it down; how to purify it Chashaku how to handle and purify the tea scoop Hishaku how to handle the ladle; special movements for hot and cold water Chasen how to handle the tea whisk; how to whisk tea Chakin how to fold the tea cloth; how to use it to clean the tea bowl Chawan how to handle the tea bowl as both a host and a guest Headmasters The hereditary name of the head (iemoto) of this line of the family is Sōsa. External links Omotesenke Website (English) Chadō