form A&E) would eventually obtain full-time standalone satellite transponders to transmit 24 hours a day. Noggin, a channel co-founded by Nickelodeon and Sesame Workshop, launched in 1999 with a nighttime "retro" block. The block mainly aired classic shows from Sesame Workshop's library. In 2002, the network revamped its schedule, discarding the retro block and extending its preschool and tween/teen blocks to last for 12 hours each day. The latter block, now retitled "The N," ran nightly from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. EST. Before The N block's introduction, Noggin aired tween shows as part of its daytime lineup, such as A Walk in Your Shoes, Sponk!, and Big Kids. From 2002 onward, these older-targeting shows only aired during The N. In the 2010s, Nickelodeon's sister channels Nick Jr. and TeenNick offered their own targeted nighttime blocks. In July 2011, TeenNick launched "NickRewind" (originally "The ‘90s Are All That"), featuring reruns of Nickelodeon programs from the 1990s and aimed at young adults who watched these programs during that decade as children. In October 2012, Nick Jr. launched a female-oriented block, "NickMom", which generated controversy for running content inappropriate for Nick Jr.'s main target audience in the late-afternoon/early-evening in areas west of the Mountain Time Zone (as Nick Jr. transmitted a single feed operating on an Eastern Time schedule) and was discontinued in September 2015. From its launch in April 1983 until September 2002, Disney Channel programmed its late-night schedule to cater to adult audiences; as a premium service, the channel’s nighttime schedule offered a mix of recent and classic films of varying appeal to family audiences, historical, music and educational documentaries, and music specials aimed at adults known (branded as "Disney Nighttime" from 1986 to 1995); in September 1997, “Vault Disney” premiered as a Sunday-only nighttime block encompassing older Disney-produced series and specials (generally those originally produced for network television) and selected older feature films from the studio that had been shifted off its daytime and prime time lineup). “Vault Disney” would expand into a nightly block by late 1998, before being discontinued in September 2002 as part of a broader rebranding of the network to cater more to children and teenagers. (Since then, Disney Channel's late-night programming has featured reruns of the network's preteen-skewing original series and occasional airing of its original made-for-TV films; as such, Disney Channel is the largest American family-oriented cable network that does not target its