to a queen would result in a stalemate, whereas the move 1. g8=R! wins because White can force an elementary checkmate from the resulting position. In the diagrammed position from the game Short–Daly, 2006 Irish Chess Championship, a promotion to queen would allow stalemate: 70...b1=Q?? 71.Qh3+! Kxh3 stalemate (or 71...Kg1 72.Qh1+!, and now the black king is forced to capture). Instead, the game concluded 70... b1=R! Less often, promotion to rook is necessary to induce stalemate to save a draw in an otherwise hopeless position. To the right is an example from the end of a study by Frédéric Lazard. Black threatens checkmate by moving the king and playing ...Bf4. Promotion to queen does not work: 1.d8=Q? Bf4 2.Qd2+ Kf3 3.Qxf4+ Kxf4, and Black easily wins the pawn ending. Promotion to rook saves the draw, however: after 1. d8=R! Bf4 2. Rd2 (if 1...Bxh2, then 2.Rd3+!), king moves by Black cause stalemate because the rook is pinned and cannot move. If Black instead moves the bishop along the c1–h6 diagonal, White can parry this by attacking the bishop with the rook, so Black cannot make any progress: 2... Bg5 3. Rd5 Kf4 4. Rd2 Bh6 5. Rd6 Kg5 6. Rd2 is one possible continuation. Promotion to a bishop In the diagrammed position, the pawn must be advanced to c8 and promoted; otherwise, it is captured, resulting in a draw. Promotion to a queen or rook would pin the bishop, leaving Black with no legal moves, resulting in a stalemate; promotion to knight may appear to threaten checkmate via 2.Nb6#, but Black moves their bishop next turn, so there is no mate, and White cannot make any further progress. Promotion to bishop is the only way to win, threatening mate with Bb7 that the enemy bishop, being confined to dark squares, is helpless to prevent: 1. c8=B! B(any) 2. Nd7 B(any) 3. Bb7# Less often, promotion to bishop is necessary to induce stalemate to save a draw in an otherwise hopeless position. To the right is an example from the end of a study by Hermanis Matisons. Both king moves lose quickly (they can be met by 6...Rgg7, for example), so the pawn must be promoted. 6.b8=Q and 6.b8=R both lose to a capture on c8, and 6.b8=N, while leaving a stalemate after 6...Rgxc8??, loses quickly after 6...Rcxc8. This leaves only 6. b8=B!: since the c7-rook is now pinned, Black must