hurt", where the vowel in the root changes into a diphthong. However, by including the first person singular, present tense, indicative mood form (hiero) as a principal part, and noting that the diphthong appears only when that syllable is stressed, the conjugation of herir becomes completely predictable. French Regular verbs are formed from a single principal part (the infinitive), and all conjugations derive from this one principal part. A handful of verbs require spelling changes in which case it can be considered that these verbs technically have two or three principal parts depending on how many spelling changes need to be made. They include doubling a consonant, adding accent markers, adding the letter e, and converting letters for example y becoming i. Seven principal parts Irregular verbs are markedly more complicated, requiring seven principal parts of which few can be easily derived from the infinitive. For some verbs a few of their principal parts are identical with one another. The paradigm goes as follows: 1 The -t is regularly dropped when directly following a d or t (e.g. il vend "he sells", not *il vendt). Example with plaire Verbs with 11 principal parts A few highly irregular verbs require 11 principal parts to conjugate them fully. It includes all of the seven principal parts as well as a subjunctive form and different present participle forms, imperative forms and present-participle forms. Fully irregular verbs The verbs être, avoir and aller are so irregular they require even more than 11 principal parts. Scottish Gaelic In Scottish Gaelic there are two principal parts for the regular verb: the imperative and the verbal noun, for example – 'to kiss'. All finite forms can be deduced from the imperative ('kiss!'), all non-finite forms from the verbal noun ('kissing'). The ten irregular verbs can, with only two or three small aberrations (unexpected lenition), be deduced from four principal parts. Ganda The principal parts of a Ganda verb are the imperative (identical to the verb stem), the first person singular of the present tense and the modified stem. For example, the verb okwogera 'to speak' has the principal parts yogera–njogera–yogedde. The present tense, far past tense, near future tense, far future tense, subjunctive and infinitive are derived from the imperative. The present perfect, conditional and near past tense are derived from the modified stem. In theory the second principal part can be derived from the first, but