exist under the Azul–Descabezado complex. If this is the case, all previous eruptions in 1846–1967 were only preliminary, preclimactic leaks from the large magma chamber beneath, and a large caldera-forming eruption may be expected in the future. If Cerro Azul were to erupt, relief efforts could be orchestrated. The Volcanic Disaster Assistance Program (VDAP) formed in response to the famous 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia, and responded to the 1991 eruption of Mount Hudson in Chile. The team's stated aim is to "reduce eruption-caused fatalities and economic losses in developing countries". Made up of various USGS offices (such as the Cascades Volcano Observatory; CVO that are responsible for monitoring Mount St. Helens), the team is outfitted with equipment capable of monitoring any volcano. This equipment allows them to predict volcanic eruptions effectively and rapidly, and to evacuate nearby homes. See also Geology of Chile List of volcanoes in Chile References Bibliography Isopach mapping of the volcanic deposits, between , contradict 1930 estimates by about half. Further reading (in Spanish; also includes volcanoes of Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru) Active volcanoes Mountains of Chile South Volcanic Zone Stratovolcanoes of Chile Subduction volcanoes VEI-5 volcanoes Volcanoes of Maule Region 20th-century volcanic events