and for glottal stop (alef) were adopted in the 1928 revision. In anglicized Arabic or Hebrew names or in loanwords, ayin is often omitted entirely: Iraq , Arab , Saudi , etc.; Afula , Arad , etc. Maltese, which uses a Latin alphabet, the only Semitic language to do so in its standard form, writes the ayin as . It is usually unvocalized in speech. The Somali Latin alphabet represents the ayin with the letter . The informal way to represent it in Arabic chat alphabet uses the digit as transliteration. Unicode In Unicode, the recommended character for the transliteration of ayin is (a character in the Spacing Modifier Letters range, even though it is here not used as a modifier letter but as a full grapheme). This convention has been adopted by ISO 233-2 (1993) for Arabic and ISO 259-2 (1994) for Hebrew. There are a number of alternative Unicode characters in use, some of which are easily confused or even considered equivalent in practice: , the character used to represent Greek rough breathing, , , , , from its use as single opening quotation mark in ASCII environments, used for ayin in ArabTeX. Other variants chosen to represent ayin as a full grapheme (rather than a sign suggestive of an apostrophe or a diacritic): a superscript "c" (c or ), the IPA symbol for pharyngealization ( or ) or ʕ, a superscript , the IPA symbol for voiced pharyngeal fricative, Phonetic Extensions contains and , letters used in Uralic Phonetic Alphabet for Sámi languages. It is worth noting that the phonemes corresponding to alef and ayin in Ancient Egyptian are by convention transliterated by more distinctive signs: Egyptian alef is rendered by two semi-circles open to the left, stacked vertically, and Egyptian ayin is rendered by a single full-width semi-circle open to the right. These characters were introduced in Unicode in version 5.1 (2008, Latin Extended-D range), and . Hebrew ayin Hebrew spelling: ʿayin, along with Aleph, Resh, He and Heth, cannot receive a dagesh. Phonetic representation ʿayin has traditionally been described as a voiced pharyngeal fricative (). However, this may be imprecise. Although a pharyngeal fricative has occasionally been observed for ʿayin in Arabic and so may occur in Hebrew as well, the sound is more commonly epiglottal (), and may also be a pharyngealized glottal stop (). In some historical Sephardi and Ashkenazi pronunciations, ʿayin represented