ice sheet melted, and it was not possible to excavate old-age ones. Therefore, it is estimated that a temperature as high as 5 ℃ higher than the present was observed from some of the ice cores that could be collected in the middle of the last interglacial period, and the Greenland ice sheet has existed even in this warm climate. The shaded lines represent the uncertainty of the estimates due to the accuracy of the analysis and the adjustment of the isotope model. The North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM) Considering the extension of GRIP, the latest NEEM project excavated an ice core that can investigate the entire final interglacial period, and researched bottom melting and folds at the NEEM site. In Northern Greenland, it was warmest around 126,000 years before the beginning of the last interglacial period, and the temperature was about 8 °C ± 4 °C higher than it is now. Also, during the 6000 years between 128,000 and 122,000 years ago, the ice sheet thickness decreased by 400 ± 250 m, and 122,000 years ago the ice sheet surface altitude was 130 ± 300 higher than it is today. From this, it is extremely rare for the ice sheet to melt even in the hot summer in Greenland, but the ice sheet surface has melted during the final interglacial period (The Eemian) due to the values of methane gas and rare gas collected from NEEM's ice core. The fact that the Greenland core remained in this temperature rise suggests that the Antarctic ice sheet shrank during the final interglacial period and contributed significantly to the rise in sea level. Climate change and improvement measures In order to accurately predict the response of the Greenland ice sheet to climate change, it is needed to obtain long-term data on past warming and its effects and improve the climate model and ice sheet model based on it. It was claimed that anthropogenic factors are deeply involved in environmental issues such as greenhouse gases, suggesting that they may be related to climate change during the Eemian. Therefore, as recent changes in the atmospheric environment due to anthropogenic substances dominate climate change, people need to reassess various factors such as carbon dioxide emissions, fossil fuel use, and deforestation. How are the issues in GRIP utilised in EastGRIP? Previous ice core drilling projects including GRIP have been carried out at sites where horizontal