to coast to the next station brake command beacon and then brake into the next station, assuming no intervention by the ATP system. Advantages of GoA3+ In 2021, the Florida Department of Transportation funded a review by scientists from Florida State University, University of Talca and Hong Kong Polytechnic University, which showed the following advantages of autonomous trains: Eliminating human sources of errors Increasing capacity by stronger utilisation of existing rail tracks Reduction of operational costs. Paris Métro reduced its operational costs in case of GoA 4 by 30%. Increasing overall service reliability Improving fleet management and service flexibility Increasing energy efficiency Accidents and incidents involving ATO While ATO has been proven to drastically reduce the chance of human errors in railway operation, there have been a few notable accidents involving ATO systems: ATO research projects Standard systems for automated operation Alstom Ansaldo STS AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro Bombardier SelTrac Siemens VAL Bozankaya Future In October 2021, the pilot project of the "world's first automated, driverless train" is launched in the city of Hamburg, Germany. The conventional, standard-track, non-metro train technology could, according to reports, theoretically be implemented for rail transport worldwide and is also substantially more energy efficient. ATO will be introduced on the London Underground's Circle, District, Hammersmith & City, and Metropolitan lines by 2022. ATO will be used on parts of Crossrail once the route opens. Trains on the central London section of Thameslink were the first to use ATO on the UK mainline railway network with ETCS Level 2. In April 2022, JR West announced that they will test ATO on a 12-car W7 series Shinkansen train used on the Hokuriku Shinkansen at the Hakusan General Rolling Stock Yard during 2022. The U-Bahn in Vienna will be equipped with ATO in 2023 on the new U5 line. All lines being built for the new Sydney Metro will feature driverless operation without any staff in attendance. Since 2012, the Toronto subway has been undergoing signal upgrades in order to use ATO and ATC over the next decade. Work has been completed on sections Yonge–University line. The underground portion of Line 5 Eglinton will be equipped with ATC and ATO in 2022. The underground portion will use a GoA2 system while the Eglinton Maintenance and Storage Facility will use a GoA4 system and travel driverless around the yard. The Ontario Line is proposed have a GoA4 driverless system and