congress in November 1991 he was replaced as party leader by Mamadou Tandja. After the election of Mahamane Ousmane as president in March 1993, Saibou handed the presidency over to Mahamane on April 16—the first time that the incumbent president peacefully handed over power to the opposition—and retired to his home village. Ali Saibou died on 31 October 2011. See also Tuareg Rebellion: The Tuareg-based insurgencies in Mali and Niger of the 1990s. References Samuel Decalo, Historical Dictionary of Niger, 3rd ed. (Scarecrow Press, 1997, ) pp. 265–266 1940 births 2011 deaths French military personnel People of French West Africa National Movement for the Development of Society politicians Nigerien military personnel Ministers of council of Niger People from Agadez Presidents of Niger People from Tillabéri Region Zarma people