patterns, and text features in books they're reading, they're better able to create those text factors in their own writing." Another one is arranging the text per perceptual span and a text display favorable to the age level of the reader. Non-verbal imagery Non-verbal imagery refers to media that utilize schemata to make connections either planned or not, more commonly used within context such as a passage, an experience, or one's imagination. Some notable examples are emojis, emoticons, cropped and uncropped images, and recently emojis which are images that are used to elicit humor and comprehension. Visualization Visualization is a "mental image" created in a person's mind while reading text, which "brings words to life" and helps improve reading comprehension. Asking sensory questions will help students become better visualizers. Students can practice visualizing by imagining what they "see, hear, smell, taste, or feel" when they are reading a page of a picture book aloud, but not yet shown the picture. They can share their visualizations, then check their level of detail against the illustrations. Partner reading Partner reading is a strategy created for pairs. The teacher chooses two appropriate books for the students to read. First, the pupils and their partners must read their own book. Once they have completed this, they are given the opportunity to write down their own comprehension questions for their partner. The students swap books, read them out loud to one another and ask one another questions about the book they read. There are different levels of this. There are the lower ones who need extra help recording the strategies. The next level is the average who will still need some help. At a good level, the children require no help. Students at a very good level are a few years ahead of the other students. This strategy: Provides a model of fluent reading and helps students learn decoding skills by offering positive feedback. Provides direct opportunities for a teacher to circulate in the class, observe students, and offer individual remediation. Multiple reading strategies There are a wide range of reading strategies suggested by reading programs and educators. Effective reading strategies may differ for second language learners, as opposed to native speakers. The National Reading Panel identified positive effects only for a subset, particularly summarizing, asking questions, answering questions, comprehension monitoring, graphic organizers, and cooperative learning. The Panel also emphasized that a combination of strategies,