pumps elsewhere. Before the Anglo-Saxon inhabitation, there is evidence of both Roman and Celtic settlement from about 7,500 years ago, with coins and fragments of pottery serving as evidence of a Roman farmstead. An evaluation undertaken immediately south of the parish church and near to a known Saxon cemetery, revealed Roman remains and artefacts, and recovered fragments of early-mid Saxon and medieval pottery in 2007. Another evaluation in 2007 at Heathclinic House recorded a late Saxon ditch and a series of medieval pits and ditches. Artefacts from the 12th century and later were noted to be fairly abundant, indicating probable domestic occupation of the site at that time. Roman building debris, pottery scatter, stamped pottery, stamped tiles, and Roman coins were found on numerous occasions. Air photographs also indicated Roman site around the former hamlet. An Anglo-Saxon inhumation cemetery, a Bronze Age tanged and barbed arrowhead found, and a Neolithic stone axe were all found in Ryland too. By 1086, the Domesday Book recorded as many as 52 households, and named the village "Welletone". It was at this time that the medieval fishpond complex beside the Welton Beck was in use. Welton School was built by subscription in 1826, and by 1881 it had about 130 students. In 1889, it was rebuilt to accommodate 167 students. The site of the school has since become residential, but can be remembered by the symbolically named Old School Yard Passage directly adjacent to the building. In 1881, the parish was entitled to send eleven boys to Christ's Hospital (or Blue Coat) School in Lincoln. The vicarage was recorded as discharged in 1848, meaning that as it valued in the king's books at 7 pounds, 6 shillings, and 8 pence, it fell below £10 and was therefore exempt from having to pay the First Fruits and Tenths according to law created by Henry VIII, and confirmed by Elizabeth I. In 1863, a number of apparently Saxon graves were discovered on the site of an old chapel cemetery. Roman remains have also said to have been found in the village as well. Bastardy cases would be heard in the Lincoln petty session hearings on the first and third Fridays of each month. There is significant recorded personal charity for the poor through the local parish church, St Mary's, as well a history of other resources for the poor. In 1664, Thomas Codd left 20 shillings