in humans. This breakthrough was named the number one scientific achievement of the year by Time magazine. In 2011, the center cloned chimeric monkeys using stem cells from six different monkeys, also a first. Multiple sclerosis Researchers have identified factors that prevent the repair of brain damage caused by multiple sclerosis, complications of premature birth, and other diseases; as well as a key gene that impacts the timing of puberty and can shorten the time span for reproduction. AIDS Recent publications have suggested that a component of the immune system damaged by AIDS might be replaceable, and have indicated a way to detect intra-amniotic infections in non-human primates, which may result in the development of a test for infections that cause premature birth in humans. Obesity Findings in the area of obesity research include the role of the hormone leptin in causing/preventing obesity, how leptin resistance occurs and can be reversed, how a high-fat diet during pregnancy affects the foetus, how the natural hormone PYY can cause limited weight loss, and how reduced caloric intake may slow aging and weakening of the immune system. Incidents and controversy 2010-2014 In June 2013, 21 macaques were injured and 6 macaques were killed or were euthanized when fighting broke out among a group of 260 macaques who were being housed together. Staff believed that fighting broke out due to loud noises from construction near the macaques' housing. In June 2013, the USDA reported several health and facility problems at the ONPRC. First, they reported that more than 50% of rhesus macaques had significant hair loss. Staff at the ONPRC did not know why it was occurring. The USDA also reported dirty and soiled bedding in some of the primate housing areas, as well as muddy areas in some of the outdoor housing areas. Additionally, the USDA reported cracked walls and defects in floor coating in some of the indoor housing areas, which made it difficult to clean and disinfect. In 2014, the USDA reported that a macaque was killed during an imaging procedure after the staff accidentally left a valve closed on the anesthesia machine. In February 2014, two animals suffered burns from an electric heating pad which was used during a procedure. The burns on one animal were so bad that the animal required surgery. 2015-2019 In March 2015, the USDA reported that staff did not follow appropriate protocols when injecting a