Lamy as bishop, a lot of controversy throughout Santa Fe arose. Many of the initial actions Lamy had taken as bishop did not sit well with the parishioners of New Mexico and his decisions had contradicted many of the bishops before him. For instance, Lamy outlawed the Penitente Brotherhood and excommunicated 5 priests who were cohabiting with women outside of marriage. Furthermore, Lamy had a known dislike of New Mexican culture, and this became evident with his treatment of Mexican clergymen. Lamy expressed his dislike first through his appointment of clergymen. Not only were they non-native, but he had chosen to appoint both French priests and Europeans which did not sit well with the Mexican Catholics living in New Mexico. He continued to express this dislike through a dismissal of dissident priests, and his orders to build a cathedral that followed western architecture as opposed to the more common Mexican style of churches. This attitude of "Americanizing" the Catholic Church in New Mexico created tension between the mostly Mexican clergy and the now western administration. A Mexican priest from the parish of Taos, Antonio José Martínez, compiled a list of complaints against Lamy, cosigned by many of the other clergymen. One particular complaint centered on Lamy's suspension of the priest José Manuel Gallegos, which sparked controversy among both the clergy and the parishioners, who submitted a further petition in support of Gallegos. Gallegos then went on to run for office in New Mexico as a Democrat. More controversy arose when Lamy had appointed Damaso Taladrid to replace Martínez as priest in Taos. Taladrid was not well-liked among the clergy, and many questioned Lamy's decision to appoint a non-native as priest. In the 1927 novel Death Comes for the Archbishop, Willa Cather writes about a character representative of Lamy's role. His portrayal of the original priests in New Mexico negatively reflects New Mexican culture, and describes Lamy's actions to appoint French and European men as an act of suppressing Mexican influence in the church. Lamy's tenure as archbishop of Santa Fe had started off with a series of delays and controversies, and only worsened with his decision to outlaw the Penitente Brotherhood, which eventually became known as his largest initial reform. Initial reforms The neglect of Mexican Americans by the Catholic Church paved the way for the Penitente Brotherhood in New Mexico. The Penitente Brotherhood is a catholic lay confraternity that