3. Morison, Samuel E. Operations in North African Wars 1942 - June 1943 (Boston: Little Brown, 1984). on the U.S. Navy O'Hara, Vincent P. Struggle for the Middle Sea: the Great Navies at War in the Mediterranean 1940 - 1945 (London: Conway, 2009) O'Hara, Vincent P. The German Fleet at War, 1939–1945 (Naval Institute Press, 2004) Paterson, Lawrence. U-boats in the Mediterranean, 1941–1944. (Naval Institute Press, 2007) Roskill, S. W. War at Sea 1939–1945, Volume 1: The Defensive London: HMSO, 1954; War at Sea 1939–1945, Volume 2: The Period of Balance, 1956; War at Sea 1939–1945, Volume 3: The Offensive, Part 1, 1960; War at Sea 1939–1945, Volume 3: The Offensive, Part 2, 1961. online vol 1; online vol 2 Roskill, S. W. The White Ensign: British Navy at War, 1939–1945 (1960). summary Sadkovich, James (1994). The Italian Navy in World War II. Greenwood Press, Westport. Simpson, Michael. Life of Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Cunningham (Routledge, 2004) Tomblin, Barbara Brooks. "The Naval War in the Mediterranean." in A Companion to World War II (2013): 222+ Mediterranean Sea operations of World War II Mediterranean Naval battles of World War II involving the United States Naval battles of World War II involving Italy Naval battles of World War II involving Germany Naval battles of World War II involving Australia Naval battles of World War II involving Canada Naval history of World War II