for pneumonia, pneumothorax, lung mass, and other concerns. Other tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) can be performed to exclude infection, ischemia, and other conditions. A laboratory workup can rule out acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism, and pneumonia. Costochondritis will yield normal results for these tests. Musculoskeletal There are several musculoskeletal conditions similar to costochondritis that are often confused. One such condition includes Tietze syndrome, which is often confused with costochondritis due to the similarity in location and symptomatology. Typically, costochondritis is a more common condition that is not associated with any swelling, affects multiple joints (usually of the 2nd to 5th ribs), and is usually seen in individuals older than 40 years of age. Tietze syndrome is a rarer condition that usually has visible swelling, commonly affecting a single joint (usually of the 2nd or 3rd rib), and typically seen in individuals younger than 40 years of age. A similar condition known as slipping rib syndrome is also associated with chest pain and inflammation of the costal cartilage. Unlike costochondritis, the pain associated with slipping rib syndrome is often felt in the lower ribs, abdomen, and back, commonly affecting the interchondral junctions of the false 8th to 10th ribs. Costochondritis is typically experienced within the sternocostal junctions of the true 2nd to 5th ribs. Other musculoskeletal conditions that may cause chest pain similar to costochondritis includes but are not limited to, painful xiphoid syndrome, muscle strain, myofascial pain syndrome, thoracic disk herniation, and rib fracture. Other Rheumatologic conditions such as fibromyalgia, SAPHO syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis can cause symptoms similar to costochondritis. Oncology-related conditions, namely neoplasms and myelomatous pleural effusion have been associated with chest pain. Chest pain is occasionally experienced with respiratory-related conditions such as pleuritis, precordial catch syndrome, and pneumonia. Psychogenic conditions such as anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and hyperventilation syndrome may cause chest pain. Some gastroenterology conditions may be associated with costochondritis-like chest pain such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, and esophagitis. Viral infections such as herpes zoster and Bornholm disease are seen as differential diagnoses for costochondritis due to chest pain being a reported symptom. Vitamin D deficiency can be a differential diagnosis for costochondritis as it may cause chest pain. Chest pain has also been reported following the use of cocaine, which can increase the risk of various cardiovascular conditions. Treatment Costochondritis is referred to as being self-limited, which is a