even further into South India. In the midst of this expansion they lost some of the important Rajput forts like Jaisalmer, Chittor, and Siwana, while guerrilla warfare made the regions of Marwar and Mewar impassable for the Muslim armies. Some of the other forts and towns were lost to the Rajputs after the break-up of the Delhi Sultanate in 1351. With the death of Firuz Shah Tughlaq in 1388, the remaining strongholds like Ajmer and Nagaur came under their own hereditary governors. Punjabi converts of the Dandani tribe became Sultans of Ajmer, while Khokhar chieftains from Punjab managed to assume power in Nagaur. The Sultans of Nagaur taxed the money earned by the people from trade, agriculture, and from the vast herds of cattle, goats, and camels. In addition, like in the Delhi Sultanate, jaziya and a pilgrimage tax taken from Hindus brought significant sums to the treasury and enabled the Dandani Punjabi Muslims to match their neighbours in battle. While Nagaur was still swearing a nominal allegiance to Delhi, two ominous events occurred in the neighbourhood within a short period. One was the campaign of Rana Lakha (1389–1404) of Mewar, which saw a Rajput army ravaging Ajmer and pushing on to the Jhunjhunu region near Delhi. The second was the capture of Mandore by Rao Chunda (1390–1422) of the Rathore clan—this city henceforth became the Rathore capital and gave Rao Chunda a convenient base for attacking Nagaur. Rao Chunda also changed horses mid-stream and formed an alliance with Mewar, where the Rathore princess Hamsabai was married to the old Rana Lakha, who in turn promised to make her son the next Rana. On the strength of this alliance Chunda subdued Rajput clans like the Bhatis and Mohils and again invaded Nagaur, forcing Muslim rulers to make peace by paying him tribute. In 1422 these three defeated powers made an alliance and killed Chunda on the outskirts of Nagaur—Chunda's son Ranamalla was then at Mewar and his brothers sought to capture the throne at Mandore. With the help of the Mewar army, Ranamall defeated his brothers and became the head of the Rathore clan. In 1428 he led this joint Sisodia-Rathore army to punish the Turks of Nagaur where he stormed the fort and killed Firuz Khan Khokhar. The next Sultan of Nagaur, Qiyam Khan Khokhar paid tribute to Mewar till 1438 when Ranamall Rathore was killed at Chittor and