have pointed out the tension between services that use digital identity on the one hand and user privacy on the other. Services that gather and store data linked to a digital identity which in turn can be linked to a user's real identity can learn a great deal about individuals. GDPR is one attempt to address this concern using regulation. Many systems provide privacy-related mitigations when analyzing data linked to digital identities. One common mitigation is data anonymization, such as hashing user identifiers with a cryptographic hash function. Another popular technique is adding statistical noise to a data set to reduce identifiability, such as in differential privacy. Although a digital identity allows consumers to transact from anywhere and more easily manage various ID cards, it also poses a potential single point of compromise that malicious hackers can use to steal all of that personal information. Social aspects Digital rhetoric The term digital identity is used in the academic field of digital rhetoric to denote identity as a "rhetorical construction." Digital rhetoric is concerned with how identities are being formed, negotiated, influenced, or challenged in ever-evolving digital environments. Being aware of different rhetorical situations is complex in digital spaces but it is important for effective communication as some scholars argue that individuals’ ability to evaluate rhetorical situations is necessary for constructing an appropriate identity under different rhetorical circumstances. In addition to that, physical and digital identities cannot be separated and visual affordances shape the representation of physical identity in online spaces. As Bay argues, “what we do online now requires there to be more continuity—or at least fluidity—between our online and off-line selves.” In positioning of digital identity in rhetoric, the scholars pay attention to how issues of race, gender, agency, and power are manifested in digital spaces. Some radical theorists "posited that cyberspace would liberate people from their bodies, blur the lines between human and technology." Other scholars theorized that this ‘‘disembodied’’ communication "could free society from discrimination based on race, sex, gender, sexuality, or class." Even more, the construction of digital identity is also tied to the network. This can be seen from the practices of reputation management companies which work on creating positive identity, so that personal or company's accounts show up higher in various search engines. Legal issues Clare Sullivan presents the grounds for digital identity as an emerging legal concept. The UK's Identity Cards Act 2006