a tool for removing the headset crown race. There are various tools on the market ranging from less than US$100 to several hundreds of dollars. Headset wrenches are oversized (32 – 36 mm) flat open-end wrenches for tightening headset cups and lock nuts on threaded steering tubes. May be designed to contact 7 sides of an 8 sided (8-point) lock nut. Hex (or Allen) keys are used on the various hex bolts on the stem, top cap and handlebars. A star-nut setter is used to set the star-nut inside of the fork steering column for threadless headsets. Drivetrain and bottom bracket tools A chain tool or chain splitter is used to 'break' a chain, in order to remove it from a bike or remove links, or to put a chain back together. A crank extractor is used to pull the crank off the bottom bracket spindle. A pedal wrench removes the pedals from the bicycle. A pin spanner is used on adjustable bottom brackets. Note that ISIS Drive bottom brackets need a separate tool (see below). Various bottom bracket wrenches for newer bottom bracket styles such as internally splined by ISIS, Shimano, FSA, and RaceFace; externally notched by Campagnolo Veloce, Xenon, Mirage, Daytona and Avanti; and externally mounted by Shimano. Bottom bracket taps and facing tools are tools used to tap or chase the threads in the bottom bracket shell and face the outside edges, respectively. A single tool will sometimes handle both jobs, and is usually suitable for light-duty bicycle shop use. A separate tap set and facing set is usually employed by frame builders where more robust tooling that is more frequently used is needed. Both tap sets and facing sets are intended for frame finishing work after welding and/or brazing, as the frame tubes tend to deform slightly after this process, and for cleaning out any weld splatter or paint from the bottom bracket threads. A bottom bracket tap set can be used to tap new threads in a blank bottom bracket shell (or for converting ISO threads to larger diameter Italian), but the process is slow and cumbersome and especially hard on most taps, particularly when tapping hard aluminum or titanium. A chain whip and lock-ring remover are used for changing derailleur cassettes. Various freewheel removers are used to unscrew freewheels from hubs. A derailleur alignment gauge is used to straighten rear derailleur hangers. Stands Various